Nasogastric and Gastrointestinal Intubations

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Nasogastric and Gastrointestinal Intubations
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• A clients condition may warrant special
  interventions to decompress the gastrointestinal
  tract. GI intubation is one of these
  interventions. Paralytic ileus is one of the
  conditions that would warrant intubation

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Paralytic Ileus

• Etiology- Cessation of peristalsis resulting
  from
• Neurogenic impairment
• Mechanical obstruction
• Direct irritation
• Pathophysiology- When peristalsis ceases, the
  stomach or small intestine (depending on location
  of problem or impairment) becomes distended from
  large quantities of air and fluid
• Signs and Symptoms- Abdominal distention,
  cessation of BMs, absent bowel sounds, vomiting

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Purpose and Types of Tubes

• Nasogastric Tubes- Primarily inserted fo
  decompression of the stomach
• Types of tubes
• Levin
• Salem Sump
• Dobhoff or Duo

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Purpose and Types of Tubes

• Intestinal Tubes- Long intestinal tubes serve
  several purposes
• Decompression
• Splinting
• Determination of obstruction site
• Types of tubes
• Miller-Abbott
• Cantor

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Measuring and Inserting an NG tube
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Facilitating Tube Drainage

• Because gastric and intestinal fluid must move
  against gravity to be removed suction is required
• Low Suction
• High Suction
• Intermittent Suction
• Constant Suction
• Proper functioning

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Prevention of Injury

• Anchoring the tube
• Pin tube

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Prevention of Injury

• Prevent Oral Inflammations
• Keep oral membranes moist
• Use of ice chips
• Hard candy
• Prevent reflux and/or aspiration

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Promotion of Comfort

• Removal of excess secretions
• Water soluble lubricant
• Relief for sore throat
• Warm saline gargles
• Ice bag to neck
• Prescribed throat lozenges
• Position changes

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Specialty Tube

• Sengstaken- Blakemore Tube
• Used to control esophageal varices
• Multi-lumen tube with 2 balloons