Introduction to Computers

1
Introduction to Computers

• Lesson 11A

2
Types of Graphics File

• Bitmap This is a common graphic format used by
  computers, it can be likened to a map of bits.
  The graphic/picture is made up of a number of
  individual dots (bits) to form an image. The file
  extension for these type of files is .bmp, these
  can get very large in file-size (i.e. kilobytes)
  and if storage space is a factor then it is best
  to convert the image into a more compressed
  format such as JPEG.
• Vector A vector image is a version of clipart
  that you can edit. You can manipulate the size,
  color, and you can also print them. If you plan
  on printing your work then you should definitely
  use vector clipart

3
Bitmap

• Also called raster
• Use this software type to change the
  characteristics of an images pixels

4
Vector

• Use this software type to create lines and shapes
  drawn from one point to another Vector clipart
  come in a variety of formats. The most popular
  are .eps, .ai, and .wmf.

5
File Format

• A standardized method of encoding data for storage

6
Standard Bitmap File Formats

• BMP (abbreviation of "bitmap")
• PICT PICT is the standard bitmap format used on
  the Macintosh.
• TIFF The TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
• JPEG Compressed BMP
• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
• PNG Portable Network Graphics

7
Standard Vector File Formats

• DXF
• IGES

8
Ways to Load Images into a Computer for Editing

• Scanner
• Digital camera
• Clip art
• Digital video camera

9
Examples of Bitmap Graphics Software Programs

• Paint
• Photo-manipulation

10
Examples of Vector Graphics Software Programs

• Draw
• Computer-aided design (CAD)
• 3-D modeling
• Animation

11
CAD Models

• 3-D objects are called models

12
Kinds of Models

• Wireframe
• Solid

13
Four Kinds of 3-D Modelers

• Surface
• Solid
• Polygonal
• Spine-based

14
Computer-generated imaging (CGI)

• Term for computer animation

15
Photorealistic

• A computer-generated image that looks real enough
  to be mistaken for a photograph

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Kinds of Computer Animation

• Fly-by
• Walk-through
• Character

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Character Animation Terms

• Keyframe
• Tween

18
Three Things to Consider for Quick Access to
World Wide Web Graphics

• Resolution
• Color Depth
• Image Size

19
Lesson 11A

• Graphics and Graphics Software

20
Review Questions

• What is a file format?
• Is DXF a bitmap or vector file format?
• Are paint and photo-manipulation software
  programs bitmap or vector?
• What are the three kinds of computer animation?