dr. ir. Marcel Didden

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Choosing the appropriate voltage dip mitigation
device LABORELEC
dr. ir. Marcel Didden marcel.didden_at_laborelec.com
0032 - 479 77 01 35
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Content

1. Introduction
2. Mitigation equipment
3. Dip immunization capability
4. Other aspects
5. Conclusion

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1. Introduction
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Voltage dips / sags

• Dips are mainly caused by short circuits

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Cost per process outage (cases Laborelec
2004/2005)
100 000
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Mitigation possibilities

• Options a, b and d are most interesting, but not
  always possible
• Sometimes c is the only option
• Installing a UPS is the easiest way to mitigate
  dips but too expensive
• This presentation analyses alternatives

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Mitigation equipment

2.
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Flywheel
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Static UPS
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Dynamic Voltage Restorer
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Statcom
12
Shunt connected synchronous motor
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Transformerless series injection
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Dip immunization capability

3.
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Dip distribution
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Immunization level
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Immunization level
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Other aspects

4.
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• Size
• - only gt 1MW
• only gt 100 kW
• also lt 100 kW

• Purchase cost
• - gt 250 /kVA
• 150 250 /kVA
• lt 150 /kVA

• Maintenance
• - annual maintenance required
• no annual maintenance required

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• Efficiency
• losses lt0,5 Srated
• losses 0,5-2 Srated
• - losses gt2 Srated

• Reaction time
• reaction or activation transient lt 1 ms
• transient 1-5 ms
• - transient gt 5 ms

• Harmonics, reactive power
• no influence
• positive influence

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• Summary

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Conclusion

5.
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• Most cost efficient
• DVR without energy storage
• Transformerless series injector
• If harmonics are an issue
• Synchronous motor
• If all sags have to be dealt with
• Flywheel or static UPS