Native Americans

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Native Americans

• Native Americans
• 1. Most lived in small groups and shared
  responsibilities in decision making.
• 2. They believed spirits caused rain, fire,
  the seasons, and controlled rivers. These spirits
  walked the Earth and talked to people.
• 3. They believed plants, animals, and humans
  used to speak the same language.
• 4. Most spoke different languages, some
  were warlike and some
  peaceful.

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Hunters and Gatherers

• Most Indians were hunters and gatherers. They
  moved with the animals for a steady source of
  food. This is a nomadic lifestyle.
• They hunted deer, small animals and most
  importantly the buffalo. They gathered berries
  and nuts.

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Hunters and Gatherers

• They used the buffalo skins for teepees (shelters
  the Indians used that could be moved very
  quickly).
• In times of danger these small clans could be
  completely moved in 20 minutes.

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The Karankawas , Tonkawas, and Coahuiltecan are
examples of hunters and gatherers.
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Apaches, Comanche, and Kiowas

• These Indian groups thrived on hunting and
  fighting. They were more aggression groups who
  were territorial.
• They relied heavily on the buffalo.
• They put up a fierce fight to Europeans.

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Farming

• Major farmers were the Caddos and Jumanos. The
  Jumanos were also big traders who tattooed
  stripes on their face to mark them as peaceful.
• They were not nomadic since farms provided a
  steady source of food.

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Europeans Arrive

• Europeans came looking to get rich or to convert
  Indians to Christianity.
• They brought with them horses which the Indians
  used to make better hunters and fighters.
• Europeans diseases wiped out most of the Indians
  and they were forced to reservations in Oklahoma.