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TRAINING GEOLOGISTS IN SPAIN: THE PROFESSIONAL POINT OF VIEW

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TRAINING GEOLOGISTS IN SPAIN: THE PROFESSIONAL POINT OF VIEW Eur Geol Prof Manuel Regueiro y Gonz lez-Barros Secretary General of ICOG Past President of the EFG – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: TRAINING GEOLOGISTS IN SPAIN: THE PROFESSIONAL POINT OF VIEW


1
TRAINING GEOLOGISTS IN SPAIN THE PROFESSIONAL
POINT OF VIEW
Eur Geol Prof Manuel Regueiro y
González-Barros Secretary General of ICOG Past
President of the EFG Associated Professor.
University Complutense. Madrid
2
SUMMARY
  • 2008-2009. First year of application of Bologna
    in Geology in Spain
  • Masters degrees adapted to EHEA operative since
    2005-06
  • 10 universities producing graduates
  • Geology programs offer around 1000 places/year
  • Freshmen up until 2010-2011 around 639. For
    current course all places covered.
  • Graduates 600 in 1998/99, 450 in 2007/2008.
    Expected output in 2011 more than 500.
  • Employment Almost no unemployment (4) up until
    2009. Crisis has increased unemployment to 9.
  • Total nº of geologists in Spain 6000
  • Total nº of geological jobs 2011 100
  • All study plans must be previously approved by
    the National Agency for Quality Assessment and
    Accreditation (ANECA) before they become legally
    in force.

3
EUROPEAN CONVERGENCE IN SPAIN
  • EUROPEAN SPACE FOR HIGHER EDUCATION (ESHE)

Framework document . February 2003 R.D.
(1044/2003) European supplement to degrees R.D.
(1125/2003) European system of credits and
qualifications R.D. 285/2004, 1830/2004 y
3686/2004 Homologation and equivalence of
foreign higher education degrees and
studies R.D. 55/2005 Official University
Graduate studies R.D. 56/2005 Official
University Postgraduate studies R.D. 1393/2007
Rearrangement of the Official University Studies
(BOE 30-10-2007)
4
STRUCTURE OF HIGHER STUDIES IN SPAIN
UP UNTIL TODAY(1994 2002 Plans)
1ST CYCLE
(2 or 3 YEARS)
Lecturing period
Research Period ( Exam)
Thesis
(2 YEARS)
(2 YEARS THESIS)
5
STRUCTURE OF HIGHER STUDIES IN SPAIN
ESHE REFORM
1st CYCLE
2nd CYCLE
3rd CYCLE
Thesis
(4 YEARS)
(1 or 2 YEARS)
6
Royal decree BACHELOR
  • Art. 9.1. The training to obtain a Bachelor
    degree should have the objective of providing the
    student with a general education in one or
    several disciplines, oriented to the preparation
    for the professional practise.
  • 9.3. The name of the Bachelor degrees will be
    Graduated in (degree) by the university of
    (name of university)
  • .

7
Royal Decree MASTER
  • Art. 10.1 The education provided in a Master will
    have the objective of providing the student with
    an advanced education of multidisciplinary or
    specialized character oriented to the academic
    or professional specialization or to promote the
    initiation to research activities.
  • Surprisingly Masters degrees have been enforced
    before Bachelor degrees
  • Master in 2007-08
  • Bachelor 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

8
OFFICIAL MASTERS IN GEOLOGY IN SPAIN
UB-UAB Master in Geology
UAB-UB Master in Palaeontology
UAB-UB Master in Geophysics
UB-UO-UIMP Master in Crystalography
crystallization
UO Master in Geological Resources Geotechnics
UGR Master in Geology
UHU-UIA Master in Geology Environmental
Management or mineral resources
UZ Master in Foundamentals of Research in
Geology
UCM Master in Environmetal Geology Geological
Resources
UCM Master in Geological Engineering
Geotechnics
UCM Master in Palaeontology
9
STRUCTURE OF HIGHER STUDIES IN SPAIN
TRANSITION TO ESHE (2007-08..)
1st 2nd CYCLE
2nd CYCLE
3rd CYCLE
(1 to 2 YEARS)
(3 to 5 YEARS)
10
Bachelor Some differences with previous degrees
  • 4 years for all degrees (3 Europe)
  • 60 credits per year
  • Credits ECTS 25-30 student working hours
  • No general guidelines
  • No fundamentals or free selection subjects
  • No need to specify subjects except basic subjects
  • Degrees are grouped by Branches
  • Basic subjects of a branch (60 credits)
  • Must fulfil National Accreditation Agency criteria

11
  • Participation in Tuning I
  • 2001-2002

2. Geology Deans Conference 2002-2003 Working
document on the Spanish studies of geology in the
ESHE
3. White book of the National Accreditation
Agency (ANECA) The Bachelor degree on Geology
November 2003 February 2004
12
STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY PLANS
MODULES MATTERS SUBJECTS
BASIC MATTERS MODULE (60 ECTS) END OF DEGREE
ASSIGNMENT
Professional (51 to 108)
Fundamental
Basic Matters
Project
End of career assignment
13
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14
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15
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16
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17
OFFICIAL POSTGRADE PROGRAM UCM
OPP GEOLOGY AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
Since 2007-08
  • UCM Master in Geological Engineering
    Geotechnics
  • UCM Master in Palaeontology
  • UCM Master in Environmental Geology Geological
    Resources
  • Specialist inSedimentary Basins Energy
    Resources
  • Specialist in Hydrogeology and soils
  • Specialist in Processes and dynamics of the
    lithosphere
  • Specialist in Mineral Resources and
    Industrial Rocks
  • Specialist in Geological Hazards and Land Use
    management
  • Doctorate


Quality Award
18
LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • ACADEMIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • Established in the academic plan
  • PROFESSIONAL LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • Defined by the professional body in terms of what
    professionals do know
  • There is no system yet in place to check that a
    graduate has acquired the knowledge claimed by
    the academia

19
ACADEMIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • GENERAL COMPETENCES
  • GC1. Recognise and use paradigms, concepts and
    principles of Geology
  • GC2. Collect and integrate several types of data
    and observations with the objective of cheeking a
    hypothesis
  • GC3. Apply knowledge to study and solve known or
    unknown geological problems.
  • GC4. Valorise the need of intellectual integrity
    and of the professional codes of conduct
  • GC5. Recognise the points of view and opinions of
    other experts and integrate multidisciplinary
    information to solve geological problems
  • GC6. Develop the necessary skills to be
    autonomous and for the continual professional
    development along the whole professional life
    self-discipline, self-management, independent
    work, time management and organization skills
  • GC7. Identify objectives for the personal,
    academic and professional development, and work
    to achieve them.
  • GC8. Develop an adaptable and flexible study and
    work method.
  • GC9. Cite the references used in the works in an
    adequate manner
  • GC10. Use internet in a critical way as a
    communication tool and as source of information
  • GC11. Understand and use various sources of
    information (text, numbers, verbal and graphic).
  • CG12. Transmit the geological information
    adequately in written verbal and graphic form, to
    different types of audiences.

20
ACADEMIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
SPECIFIC COMPETENCES SC1. Know how to use the
basic principles of Physics, Chemistry,
Mathematics and Biology to the knowledge of Earth
and to understand the geological processes. SC2.
Adequate knowledge of other disciplines relevant
to Geology SC3. Capacity to identify and
characterize the properties of the various
geological materials and processes using
geological methods SC4. Knowledge of how to
relate the properties of the matter with its
structure. Knowledge to identify and characterize
geological materials using instrumental
techniques, as well as to determine their forming
processes and their applications. SC5. Capacity
to analyze the distribution and structure of the
different types of geological materials and
processes in different scales of geological time
and space. Knowledge of the correlation
techniques and their interpretation SC6.
Knowledge to differentiate minerals, rocks and
their association and the processes that generate
them and their time span. SC7. Knowledge of the
techniques to identify fossils and to use them in
the interpretation and dating of ancient
sedimentary environments SC8. Knowledge to
recognize geomorphologic systems and the
interpretation of surface formations. SC9.
Knowledge to recognise, represent and rebuilt
tectonic structures and the processes that
generate them. Knowledge to correlate the
characteristics of rocks with their petrogenetic
processes. Knowledge to relate type of rocks with
geodynamic environments. SC10. Evaluate the
quality, advantages and limitations of the
various geological methods and their contribution
to the knowledge of the Earth.
21
ACADEMIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • SC11. To know and understand current
    environmental processes and their associated
    hazards, as well as the need both of exploiting
    and preserving the resources of the Earth.
  • SC12. To know how to use the geological knowledge
    in the benefit of the social demand of resources
    to exploit, evaluate, extract and manage them in
    accordance with sustainable development. To know
    how to provide solutions to geological solutions
    in geology applied to engineering.
  • SC13. To know how to describe, analyze, evaluate,
    plan and manage the physical environment and the
    geological heritage.
  • SC14. Valorise the problems of selection,
    precision, accuracy and uncertainty of samples
    during collection, filing and analysis of field
    and laboratory data.
  • SC15. To be able to obtain, collect, store,
    analyze and represent samples, using the adequate
    techniques of field, laboratory and office.
  • SC16. To be able to obtain process, interpret and
    present data using qualitative adequate
    quantitative techniques and software.
  • SC17. To be able to integrate field and
    laboratory data with the theories, concepts and
    principles of the discipline, following a
    sequence from observation to recognition,
    synthesis and modelling.
  • SC18. To be able to elaborate and interpret
    geoscientific and geological maps and other means
    of representation (columns, geological sections,
    etc)
  • SC19. To carry out field and laboratory work in a
    responsible and safe manner, giving the necessary
    attention to the evaluation of risks, rights of
    accession, health and safety legislation and the
    impact of the work done on the environment.

22
ACADEMIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
TRANSVERSE COMPETENCES TC1. Acquire synthesis
and analysis capabilities.TC2. Prove critical
and self-critical reasoning.TC3. Acquire
capacities of organisation, planning and
execution.TC4. Acquire the capacity to
communicate in written and verbal form in
Spanish.TC5. Acquire the capacity to manage
information.TC6. Acquire the capacity to solve
problems.TC7. Acquire the capacity to take
decision and to manage human resources.TC8.
Acquire the capacity for team as well as for
autonomous work.TC9. Acquire skill for
interpersonal relationsTC10. Acquire the
capacity for self-learningTC11. Acquire the
capacity to adapt to new situationsTC12. Prove
creativity and initiative and spirit of
entrepreneur TC13. Prove motivation for quality
in the development of activities TC14. Acquire
sensibility for environmental matters
23
PROFFESIONAL LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • BASIC GEOLOGY
  • Study, identification and classification of
    geological materials and processes, as well as
    the results of such processes.
  • Study, identification and classification of
    fossil remains, including the signals of organic
    activity.
  • Research, development and quality control of
    geological processes applied to the industry ,
    construction, mining, agriculture, environment
    and services.
  • Geological, geochemical, petrographic,
    mineralogical and spectrographic studies and
    tests and any other technique applied to
    geological materials.
  • Geological and thematic mapping related to Earth
    Sciences.
  • Technical and scientific advice in geological
    subjects.
  • Education of geology.
  • Soil projects, studies and mapping.
  • Studies and projects of remote sensing and
    geographical information systems applied to
    geology
  • Planetary geology
  • Any other professional activity related to
    geology and Earth Sciences.

24
PROFFESIONAL LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • MINERAL RESOURCES
  • Production, transformation, handling,
    preservation, identification and quality control
    of geological and mining resources.
  • Reports, studies and projects for the production,
    transformation and control in relation with
    geological and mining resources.
  • Drafting and management of exploration and
    research projects of geological and mining
    resources.
  • Planning and rational exploitation of geological,
    mining, energy and environmental resources and
    renewable energies.

25
PROFFESIONAL LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • ENVIRONMENT
  • Identification, study and control of phenomenon
    affecting environment preservation.
  • Organisation and management of Natural Protected
    Spaces whatever the degree of protection,
    Geological Parks and Science Museums.
  • Studies, reports and projects dealing with mining
    and industrial pollution
  • Environmental Impact Studies.
  • Project drafting and direction of Reclaiming
    Plans and Projects of spaces affected by mining
    activities.
  • Studies and projects for the protection and
    decontamination of soils affected by industrial,
    agricultural and human activities in general.
  • Environmental plans management.
  • Environmental protection activities.
  • Study, evaluation, diffusion and protection of
    the Spanish Geological and Paleontological
    heritage.
  • Geological, paleontological and environmental
    education. Educational and recreational geology.
  • Oceanographic studies.
  • Geological studies related to coastline dynamics
    and beach regeneration
  • Natural and geological hazards studies.
  • Management and drafting of geological and
    environmental studies for municipal and regional
    land-use planning projects.
  • Studies and projects for the location,
    construction and sealing of urban solid waste
    deposits and safe disposal sites for industrial
    and radioactive wastes.
  • Management of Urban, Industrial and Agricultural
    Wastes General Planning

26
PROFFESIONAL LEARNING OUTCOMES
  • HIDROGEOLOGY
  • Management and execution of protection
    perimeters, research and utilisation projects of
    mineral waters, industrial waters, thermal waters
    and human supply waters for dwellings and
    industrial complex.
  • Hydrological and hydrogeological studies and
    projects for the investigation, research,
    location, extraction, control, exploitation and
    management of water resources.
  • Identification and delimitation of the Hydraulic
    and Maritime Public Domain.
  • GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
  • Ground studies in civil works and building for
    geological characterisation.
  • Geological engineering studies, pre-projects and
    projects
  • Quality control in geological characterisation of
    soils.
  • Technical management and supervision of
    recognisance drilling projects, sampling, in
    situ and laboratory tests
  • Technical management, supervision and follow-up
    of field research campaigns for geological
    characterisation of locations in preliminary
    studies, pre-projects and projects of civil works
    and buildings.
  • Seismic and geophysical studies and projects in
    geological characterisation of sites.

27
SPANISH ACCREDITATION SYSTEM
  • ANECA National Agency for Quality Assessment and
    Accreditation. Public Trust since 2002.
  • Procedure
  • The university designs the study plan of the
    programme and sends it to the Council of
    Universities for the ex-ante evaluation.
  • The Council of Universities sends the study plan
    to ANECA to begin the assessment process.
  • ANECA appoints the members of the panel.
  • The panel assesses the study plan according to
    the criteria set up on the assessment procedure
    for the ex-ante accreditation of official
    university degrees and writes the draft
    evaluation report.
  • ANECA sends the draft report to the university in
    case it wishes to make any observations.
  • ANECA analyses the observations presented, writes
    the accreditation report and sends it to the
    Council of Universities.
  • The Council of Universities checks that the name
    of degree is coherent with the study plan and
    establishes the ex-ante evaluation result
    (positive or negative).
  • The Regional Government and the university are
    notified of the ex-ante accreditation result.

28
SPANISH ACCREDITATION SYSTEM
  • If the university appeals the ex-ante evaluation
    result, the Council of Universities will appoint
    a different panel for the review which can either
    confirm the evaluation or accept the appeal and
    send it to ANECA.
  • ANECA reviews the appeals and sends the final
    assessment result to the Ministry of Education
    who will inform the other stakeholders of the
    process.
  • After the Regional Government authorises the
    degree, it is registered and considered an
    accredited official degree course.
  • The registered degree will be monitored by ANECA
    and the regional quality agencies until renewal
    of the accreditation is required.
  • Six years after the degree is first registered,
    an ex-post evaluation is required in order to
    guarantee that the degree fulfils what was
    specified in the design.

29
CONCLUSIONS FROM THE PROFESSIONAL BODY I
  • In Spain once a graduate obtains its academic
    degree he/she can practice professionally
    (although to be able to practise, a bachelor
    should first join the Spanish Association of
    Professional Geologists (ICOG), and the process
    of joining does not imply any examination on the
    real competences of the graduate), the
    competences acquired during the studies must be
    such that should allow the graduated to
    immediately join the professional world
  • The transposition in Spain of the European
    Directive of professional qualifications has
    enhanced the need to justify academic plans to
    fulfil with the professional requirements, since
    the profession of geologists has been included in
    the official list of regulated professions. The
    text of the newly transposed directive
    specifically addresses this matter, as it states
    that before a new degree is approved by the
    Government, it should be duly checked that the
    learning outcomes expected are perfectly matched
    to the professional functions of the new
    graduate.
  • There are no yet Bologna graduates in geology in
    Spain, so it is just to early to know if the new
    plans will result in better qualified
    professional.
  • The ICOG has requested the Government to include
    in the system the a National Test to obtain the
    right to practise geology done in cooperation
    between the Ministry of Education and the ICOG.

30
CONCLUSIONS FROM THE PROFESSIONAL BODY II
  • Bolonia as an EU unified system of academic
    titles with a similar structure in length and
    with similar professional skills and competences
    to be acquired in that period. Geologists will
    then be educationally more or less homogeneous
    throughout Europe, no matter the career or the
    country of origin.
  • Bolonia expects a very mature student
  • Professors should turn from magisters to
    counsellors (short of high school type planning)
  • Most of the work done in the internet and
    evaluation is continuous ( a life stick to the
    screen?)
  • In geology field work and laboratory classes
    increased
  • Too much in too little time superficiality
  • Increasing number of students pass the tests
  • Real knowledge rate is down.

31
MASTER IN HUNTING DRAGONS
  • A young professional with a brand new Master in
    Dragon hunting opened a new office a gave a
    nice presentation for friends and public.

32
MASTER IN HUNTING DRAGONS
After a couple of months no clients appeared. He
then went to the professor who had given him the
Master and explained him that he had no clients
at all. He replied do as I did, become the
professor of a Master
33
THANK YOU
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