Chapters 19, 21,

1
Chapters 19, 21, 23Review

• Questions

2
Plastics

• The skin is a ____ membrane.
• cutaneous

3
Plastics

• The process by which strands of tough, fibrous
  proteins develop within the cell membrane is
  ____.
• keratinization

4
Plastics

• The pigment that occurs in the epidermis and
  absorbs light energy is ____.
• melanin

5
Plastics

• Which layer contains hair follicles, sweat
  glands, sebaceous glands, and nerve fibers?
• dermis

6
Plastics

• Which layer of skin functions best as a heat
  insulator?
• subcutaneous

7
Plastics

• Sebaceous glands secrete ____.
• sebum

8
Plastics

• What type of graft is skin harvested from a
  cadaver?
• homograft

9
Plastics

• If skin is taken from an unburned area of the
  patient and used as a transplant, it is called
  a(n) ____.
• autograft

10
Plastics

• What three nerves innervate the forearm, wrist,
  and hand?
• radial, ulnar, median

11
Plastics

• Which muscle is responsible for flexing the hand
  at the wrist?
• palmaris longus

12
Plastics

• What are the two main arteries that supply the
  forearm and hand?
• radial and ulnar

13
Plastics

• What is a common method of determining the
  percentage of body surface burned?
• rule of nines

14
Plastics

• What other pathology often occurs in conjunction
  with cheiloschisis?
• palatoschisis

15
Plastics

• What medical term refers to the condition in
  which the digits of the hands or feet fail to
  separate?
• syndactyly

16
Plastics

• The condition causing the contraction of palmar
  fascia is known as ____.
• Dupuytren's disease

17
Plastics

• A cosmetic procedure performed on the eyelid is
  a(n) ____.
• blepharoplasty

18
Plastics

• Which type of donor skin graft includes the
  epidermis, dermis, and possibly subcutaneous
  tissue?
• FTSG

19
Plastics

• Which procedure may involve the use of the local
  anesthetic cocaine?
• rhinoplasty

20
Plastics

• Which of the following is a synovial fluid-filled
  cyst that can arise from a tendon sheath or wrist
  joint?
• ganglion cyst

21
Plastics

• What surgical procedure is performed to remove
  hypertrophic breast tissue?
• reduction mammoplasty

22
Plastics

• Which procedure involves an initial skin incision
  within the hairline beginning in the temporal
  region superior to the ear?
• rhytidectomy

23
Plastics

• Which instrument is responsible for expanding the
  surface area of a skin graft?
• mesh grafter

24
Plastics

• Which nerve must be avoided during a
  rhytidectomy?
• facial

25
Plastics

• Which incision is usually employed for an
  abdominoplasty? (aka tummy-tuck)
• low transverse

26
Plastics

• How many phalanges are in a normal hand?
• 14

27
Plastics

• Which artery provides blood to the medial side of
  the forearm?
• ulnar

28
Plastics

• What is applied to a skin graft site for
  lubrication to allow for a dermatome to easily
  pass over the skin?
• mineral oil

29
Plastics

• Which surgical procedure is performed to improve
  the cosmetic appearance of the chin by correcting
  micrognathia?
• mentoplasty

30
Plastics

• Which type of flap allows the tissue to be
  transferred to remain attached to its blood
  supply?
• pedicle flap

31
Plastics

• Which type of instrument will be attached to the
  Mayo stand during a cleft palate repair?
• self-retaining mouth gag

32
Plastics

• How many carpal bones compose each wrist?
• 8

33
Orthopaedics

• Which of the following is the largest and most
  complex of the synovial joints?
• knee

34
Orthopaedics

• Which ligament originates from the anterior
  intercondylar area of the tibia and extends to
  the lateral condyle of the femur?
• anterior cruciate

35
Orthopaedics

• Turning the hand so that the palm is upward is
  referred to as ____.
• supination

36
Orthopaedics

• Extending the foot at the ankle is referred to as
  ____.
• plantar flexion

37
Orthopaedics

• A fracture at the distal end of the radius in
  which the smaller fragment is displaced
  posteriorly is called ____.
• Colles fracture

38
Orthopaedics

• Which bone articulates with the distal tibia and
  fibula?
• talus

39
Orthopaedics

• At its distal end, the tibia expands to form a
  prominence on the inner ankle called the ____.
• medial malleolus

40
Orthopaedics

• Posteriorly, the ilium joins the sacrum at the
  ____.
• sacroiliac joint

41
Orthopaedics

• Which of the following articulates with the head
  of the femur?
• acetabulum

42
Orthopaedics

• Which bone articulates with the glenoid cavity to
  form the shoulder joint?
• humerus

43
Orthopaedics

• The end of which bone articulates with the
  manubrium?
• clavicle

44
Orthopaedics

• Which bones are attached to each of the thoracic
  vertebrae?
• ribs

45
Orthopaedics

• Which type of fracture is complete and results in
  several bony fragments?
• comminuted

46
Orthopaedics

• Which type of cells break down and assimilate
  bone?
• osteoclasts

47
Orthopaedics

• Osteocytes are located in minute, bony chambers
  called ____.
• lacuna

48
Orthopaedics

• The distal and proximal ends of long bones are
  called ____.
• epiphyses

49
Orthopaedics

• What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
  
• axis

50
Orthopaedics

• Bone grafts are usually taken from the ____.
• iliac crest

51
Orthopaedics

• Manipulating bone fracture fragments into
  alignment without incising the skin is called
  ____.
• closed reduction

52
Orthopaedics

• What is the correct sequence of surgical
  instruments for the insertion of a bone screw?
• drill, depth gauge (measure), tap, screw

53
Orthopaedics

• Which style of cast is applied to the trunk,
  around the affected leg, and around half of the
  unaffected leg?
• hip spica

54
Orthopaedics

• What is the primary reason for performing a total
  joint arthroplasty?
• degenerative joint disease

55
Orthopaedics

• Which instrument is used to prepare the
  acetabulum?
• reamer (cheese-grater)

56
Orthopaedics

• On which bone is the chamfer cut performed during
  a total knee arthroplasty?
• femur

57
Orthopaedics

• How many components are implanted during a total
  knee arthroplasty?
• 4

58
Orthopaedics

• A patient is scheduled for an anterior cruciate
  ligament repair. The surgeon plans to use the
  patients patellar tendon. This is an example of
  which type of graft?
• autograft

59
Orthopaedics

• Which of the following best describes the skin
  preparation for a rotator cuff repair?
• entire arm and shoulder to the border of the neck

60
Orthopaedics

• Which procedure is performed to correct
  impingement syndrome?
• acromioplasty

61
Orthopaedics

• The teres minor is one of the four muscles of
  what body structure?
• rotator cuff

62
Orthopaedics

• The concave indentation that serves as the socket
  for the head of the femur is the ____.
• acetabulum

63
Orthopaedics

• This chemical is also referred to as bone cement.
• methyl methacrylate

64
Orthopaedics

• During an ACL reconstruction, which instrument
  might a surgeon use to remove excess bone from
  the femoral tunnel?
• pituitary rongeur

65
Orthopaedics

• Which medical condition is characterized by a
  lateral curvature of the spinal column and may
  require a posterior spinal fusion with the use of
  Harrington rods?
• scoliosis

66
Vascular

• Microscopic vessels designed to exchange
  nutrients and wastes between blood and tissue
  fluid around the cells are known as ____.
• capillaries

67
Vascular

• From inner to outer, name the layers of an
  artery.
• tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

68
Vascular

• Which structure supplies the myocardium with
  oxygenated blood?
• coronary arteries

69
Vascular

• The aorta bifurcates at the level of the fourth
  lumbar vertebra into the right and left ____
  arteries.
• common iliac

70
Vascular

• Which arteries supply the pelvis and perineum
  with blood?
• internal iliac

71
Vascular

• Superficial blood supply to the head and neck is
  supplied from which artery?
• external carotid

72
Vascular

• Which arteries communicate with the basilar
  artery to form the circle of Willis?
• internal carotid

73
Vascular

• What arteries supply blood to the spinal cord and
  its meninges?
• lumbar

74
Vascular

• Which veins receive blood from the brain,
  meninges, and deeper regions of the face and
  neck?
• internal jugular

75
Vascular

• Which vein travels along the lateral side of the
  arm from the hand to the shoulder, eventually
  emptying into the axillary vein?
• basilic

76
Vascular

• Which is the longest vein in the body?
• greater saphenous

77
Vascular

• The anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to
  form the ____ vein.
• popliteal

78
Vascular

• Claudication is the term used to refer to ____.
• cramping

79
Vascular

• Most abdominal aneurysms arise below the level of
  the _________ ______________.
• renal arteries.

80
Vascular

• Delicate polypropylene sutures can be tagged with
  a ____.
• rubber shod

81
Vascular

• Which procedure includes a prep from midabdomen
  to toes, with the affected leg prepped
  circumferentially?
• femoral-popliteal bypass

82
Vascular

• Which choice indicates the correct sequence of
  events for clamping the vessels prior to an
  arteriotomy?
• heparinize patient, apply proximal clamp, apply
  distal clamp, incise vessel

83
Vascular

• Which procedure could necessitate the use of a
  Javid shunt?
• carotid endarterectomy

84
Vascular

• With which instrument is an arteriotomy
  initiated?
• 11 blade on a 7 handle

85
Vascular

• The surgical excision of a dilated portion of the
  aortic wall with immediate reconstruction using a
  synthetic graft is known as an ____.
• abdominal aortic aneurysm resection

86
Vascular

• Which clamp is removed last during a carotid
  endarterectomy?
• internal carotid artery

87
Vascular

• Which type of needle is appropriate for closing a
  blood vessel?
• Taper

88
Vascular

• A Fogarty balloon catheter is used for a(n) ____.
• arterial embolectomy

89
Vascular

• Which medication is always added to injectable
  saline for the use of intra-arterial irrigation?
• heparin

90
Vascular

• After exposure of the femoral artery, the surgeon
  will want to isolate the artery and will ask for
  a(n) ____.
• right-angle clamp

91
Vascular

• An iliac artery obstruction can be bypassed with
  a(n) ____.
• femoral-femoral bypass

92
Vascular

• Which supplies are commonly used during vascular
  surgery to retract blood vessels?
• Dacron tape

93
Vascular

• During vascular surgery, pledgets are used to
  ____.
• reinforce the graft

94
Vascular

• The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle
  into the aorta with one contraction is known as
  ____.
• stroke volume

95
Vascular

• The external iliac arteries branch into the ____
  arteries.
• femoral

96
Vascular

• Which vein drains the deep veins of the foot?
• tibial vein

97
Vascular

• A treatment option given to patients with
  symptomatic atherosclerotic disease is ____.
• PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty)

98
Vascular

• A Bulldog is used in vascular surgery to ____.
• clamp a blood vessel

99
Vascular

• Which drug is used to suppress arterial
  vasospasm?
• papaverine

100
Vascular

• Blood pumped from the left ventricle of the heart
  enters the ____.
• aorta

101
Vascular

• The relaxation phase of the heart is known as
  ____.
• diastole