ROMAN BRITAIN (AD 43-410)

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ROMAN BRITAIN(AD 43-410)
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Extent of Roman Influence
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Motives for the Ist Roman Invasion

• Julius Caesar, 55-54 B.C.

• Prestige
• Economic Gain
• Strategic
• Celts in Gaul

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Motives for the 2nd Invasion

• Uphold Roman Authority
• Verica, King of the Atrebates Overthrown by
  Cunobelins son
• Implementation of Roman policy
• Elimination of Drudism in Gaul
• Internal Stability
• Legitimize Emperors Authority

• Emperor Claudius, AD 43

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Map of Roman Britain
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Roman Britain
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Urban Communities

• Urban Dwellers
• Amenities
• 3 Types Distinguished by Roman Citizenship and
  Roman Influence
• Colonia
• Municipium
• Civitas
• Government

Spanish Aqueduct
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Bath Spa
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Layout of Roman Towns
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Roman Amphitheatre
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Roman Wall Outside London Museum
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Ribcester (Lancashire)
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Roman Chester
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Celtic Hut

• Historical Misconceptions
• Isolated Farms Villas
• Existence of Villages
• Full Gamut of Categories
• Isolated Farms,
• Hamlets, Villages

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Celtic Roundhouse
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Rural Life

• 2nd Misconception
• Exalted View of Villas
• Percentage of Impressive Villas
• Geographic Location
• Popularity
• Role

Model of Typical Villa
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Reconstruction of One Villa
Diamond Tile Villa
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Reconstructed Bancroft Villa
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Roman Villa in Britain
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Mosaic Floors
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Roman Palace of Fishbourne, West Sussex
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Mosaic In British Museum
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Phoenix Mosaic
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Earliest Mosaic of Christ
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Rural Life Agriculture

• Improved Organization
• Wells
• Underground Silos
• Water-Powered Machinery

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Economy

• Roman Contributions
• Improved Organization
• Trade Expansion
• Exports and Imports
• Slavery

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Cross Section of Roman Road
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Roman Administration
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Family Life

• Slavery
• Architecture of Town Houses
• Water Supplies
• Marriage
• Death

Roman Arch in Lincoln
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Death in Roman Britain
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Limits of Roman Influence I

• Failure to Romanize Northern Military Zone
• Boudiccas Revolt
• (60)
• Governor Agricola
• (78-84)
• ---Battle of Mons Graupius (84)

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Limits of Roman Influence II

• Roman Walls
• Hadrians Wall (122-28)
• Antonine Wall (142)

• ien

Hadrian Wall
Emperor Hadrian
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Roman Britain
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Hadrians Wall
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Hadrians Wall
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Hadrians Wall
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Limits of Roman Influence III

• Stagnation of Celtic Tribal Centers
• Failure of Model Roman Towns to Expand
• Minimal Contribution to Farming

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Impact of Roman Britain

• Saxon Invasion Complicates Assessment
• Language
• Christianity
• Paved Roads
• Older Scholarly View
• Town Sites
• Saxon Cultural Level
• Saxon Political Unity

Lindisfarne Gospels
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The End of Roman Britain

• 5th Century Collapse
• Assaults of 367
• Terminal Date?
• 409
• 410
• 420 or 430

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Invasions of the 5th Century
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Porchester Castle
Built for Defense Against Invaders