Medieval Art 300 CE 1500 CE

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Medieval Art(300 CE 1500 CE)

• Early Christian and Byzantine Art

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Timeline of Medieval Art

• c. 100-300 CE Early Christian Period
• c. 300-500 CE Byzantine Art
• c. 500-1000 CE Medieval Period
• c. 1000-1100 CE Romanesque Period
• c. 1100-1500 CE Gothic Period

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Early Christian Art
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Roman Empire
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• Symbolism

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Symbolism

• Circle Heaven
• Cross Christs death and resurrection
• Shepard Christ (Good Shepard)
• Sheep Faithful followers

• Lamb on Shepard's back people who need
  additional help
• Heart encircled by thorns Suffering of Christ
• Heart pierced by sword Virgin Mary

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Symbolism

• Plants
• Lilly purity
• Pomegranate immortality/church
• Rose Mary/Love
• Shamrock trinity
• Dove Holy Ghost
• Eye God the Father

• Fish Ixthus/Christ
• Rock Christ/Church
• Candle Light of God
• Purple God/King/Emperor
• Key knowledge, entrance into Heaven

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Mathew Human/Angel
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Luke Ox
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Mark Lion
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John - Eagle
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• Catacombs of Early Christian Art

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Catacomb Paintings

• The Good Shepard
• Miracles performed by Christ
• Virgin Mary seated and holding Christ child
• Old Testament stories (Jonah and the Whale)
• During the 4th century the main subject became
  Christ as teacher

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Byzantine Art
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• Fall of Rome

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Roman Empire
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Fall of Rome (Barbarian Invasion)
Barbarians Vandals, Goths, Huns
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(Eastern Empire) Byzantine Empire
Western Empire
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Byzantine Empire
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Fall of Rome

• Cities in the Western Empire were abandoned by
  frightened people
• The population of Rome dwindled from 1.5 million
  persons to 300,000
• Temples, palaces, and amphitheaters were torn
  down for stone to build fortresses and castles

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• Emperor Constantine

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Constantine/Chi-Rho Coin
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Chi-RhoSymbolChi XRho P
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Emperor Constantine

• Made Christianity a legal religion
• Edict of Milan, Constantine was the first Pope
  of Roman Christianity
• Council of Nicea
• Nicean Creed
• Defined Christ and his life
• Chose Gospels to be used in bible
• (gospels good news)
• Destruction of other variations of Christianity

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• Basilicas of the Byzantine Empire

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RomanBasilica(plan)

• Nave
• Apse

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Basilica

• Very plain and simple on the outside
• And on the inside they were surprisingly
  spacious, large, and full of paintings of
  Christian beliefs

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• Basilica Sant Apollinar in Classe

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Campanile (bell tower)
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Sant Apollinar in Classe

• Exaltation of the Cross (The cross is in the
  center stage thus making it the most important
  symbol)

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• Basilica Hagia Sophia

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Minaret
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Constantine, Christ, and Zoe
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Emperor Constantine(mosaic)
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Empress Zoe(mosaic)
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Madonna and Child
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• Basilica San Vitale

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Christ Enthroned
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Christ Enthroned

• Z Christs Victory
• Christ sits on Earthen throne
• Earth was not yet known to be round, yet it was
  painted round!
• Eclesius Giving (Iglesia) Handing a church
  to God/Christ for protection

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Theodora and Attendants
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Theodora and Attendants

• Women not allowed into apse of church
• Baptistery Fountain
• Blood of Christ
• 3 Magi
• Gold kingship
• Frankincense wisdom of Christ
• Myrrh Suffering of Christ/Passion

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Justinian and Attendants
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Elements and Principles

• Emphasis clothes, halo, crown
• Harmony Figures are alike- tall and slender with
  oval heads and small feet. They look towards the
  viewer.
• Space The figures float and look weightless
  because their feet hang down as if there is no
  floor.

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Warrior Christ(mosaic)