Dry Lab 2C p' 132

1
Dry Lab 2C p. 132

• To name and write formulas for salts and acids
  containing polyatomic anions.
• To name and write formulas for acid salts.
• Acid salts are salts in which a metal cation
  replaces less than all of the hydrogens of an
  acid having more than one hydrogen (a polyprotic
  acid).

2
Dry Lab 2C Introduction

• Many polyatomic anions consist of one element
  (usu. a nonmetal) and oxygen the entire group
  carries a negative charge. To name the anion use
  the root name of the non-oxygen
• SO42- - sulfate ion
• NO3- - nitrate ion

3
Dry Lab 2C Introduction

• If an element and oxygen form two polyatomic
  anions, the anion with the element having the
  higher oxidation number uses the -ate suffix
  while the anion with the element having the lower
  oxidation number uses the -ite suffix.
• SO42- - S 6 sulfate (higher)
• SO32- - S 4 sulfite (lower)

4
Dry Lab 2C Introduction

• If more than 2 polyatomic anions are formed from
  an element and oxygen, the prefixes per- and
  hypo- are added.
• This happens most often among the polyatomic
  anions with a halogen as the element
• perchlorate - charge on Cl 7
• chlorate - charge on Cl 5
• chlorite - charge on Cl 3
• hypochlorite - charge on Cl 1

5
Dry Lab 2C Introduction

• Ternary Acids (Oxoacids) - compounds of hydrogen
  and a polyatomic anion. Naming these acids does
  not include the hydrogen. If the anion is named
  -ate, the acid is named using -ic. If the anion
  is -ite, the acid is named using -ous.
• SO42- - sulfate ion H2SO4 - sulfuric acid
• SO2- - sulfite ion H2SO3 - sulfurous
  acid

6
Dry Lab 2C Introduction

• Acid salts are salts in which a metal cation
  replaces less than all of the hydrogens of an
  acid having more than one hydrogen (polyprotic
  acid).
• NaHSO4 - sodium hydrogen sulfate
• CaHPO4 - calcium hydrogen phosphate
• NaHS sodium hydrogen sulfide

7
Dry Lab 2C - Procedure/Questions

• Part 1 a, c, e, g
• Part 2 a, c, e, g
• Part 3 a, c, e, g
• Part 4 a, c, e, g
• Part 5 a, c, e, g
• Part 6 a, c, e, g, h
• Part 7 a, c, e, g
• Part 8 e, r
• Hand in on notebook paper, next weeks lab.