Stomach cont'

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Stomach (cont.)
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Where does digestion begin?

• Carbohydrates - mouth
• Proteins - stomach
• Lipids small intestine
• Nucleic acids small intestine

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Small intestine
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Small intestine (cont.)
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Large intestine
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Adaptations of the digestive system
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Ruminants
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Healthy Diets

• A healthy diet meets three needs
• Fuel
• Raw materials
• Essential nutrients

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1. Fuel

• Every body activity requires energy
• Cells oxidize organic molecules to make ATP
  (energy)
• Energy content of food is measured in
  kilocalories
• Females need approx 1300-1500 kcals/day
• Males need approx 1600-1800 kcals/day

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3. Essential nutrients

• Must be obtained from diet
• Undernourished vs. Malnourished
• Four classes
• Essential fatty acids
• Essential amino acids
• Vitamins
• Minerals

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Essential amino acids
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Obesity