Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
Improving the knowledgeon dioxin emissions in
CCs A measurements strategyUlrich QuassIUTA
e.V., Duisburg, Germany
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
Emission measurements within the project...

• WHY (Purpose of measurements)
• WHICH (selection of sources)
• WHAT (methodology)
• WHO (sampling teams, laboratories)
• WHEN (time schedule)

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHY?
Check compliance with limit values
Evaluate and improve emission factors
P
Check potentially relevant sources
P
First results for unknown source types
P
Rise awareness
P
Capacity building in CCs
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHICH?
Excluded source types

• Waste incinerators
• Diffuse non-industrial sources dom. burning,
  vehicular emissions re-volatilsation of
  PCDD/F fires

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHICH?
Probably irrelevant sources, unless specific
indications

• Gas/oil power plants
• Coal power plants with DeSO2/DeNOx
• Blast oxygen furnaces
• Primary non-ferrous metal production
• Dry cement kilns without supplemental fuels

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHICH?
Relevance Criteria
A. Stack gas concentration (ng I-TEQ/m³)
B. Annual emission (g I-TEQ/year)
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHICH?
Relevance Criteria (amended)
A. Stack gas concentration (ng I-TEQ/m³)
B. Annual emission (g I-TEQ/year)
C. Stack height (for low flow/ high
concentration sources)
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHAT?
Waste incineration Directive
sampling time typ. 6 hours (8 h max) analysis
with HRGC/HRMS
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
Cost minimisation by...
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
...methodological simplification
Stack sampling2-day campaigns, max. three
2(3)-hour samples
Analysis 1st sample extract split into two
fractions

• HRGC/HRMS (exact I-TEQ- determination)

• simpler GC/MS (order of magnitude)

2nd/3rd sample

• Simple analysis or
• analysis only in case of discrepancies

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHO?
A. Sampling
Needed experienced teams (proof required)
1. preference companies/institutes from CCs
2. preference co-operative activities CC/EU 15
3. preference companies/institutes from EU 15
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHO?
B. Analysis
Favourable CC based institutes
Needs

• experienced laboratories (proof required)

• good co-operation with sampling team

• QC analysis by independent lab (e.g. TNO, IUTA
  or other)

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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHEN?
Mar- July 03 proposals of sources (CC
institutions)

• Not yet measured, operators permit available

• Likely to be relevant

July-Aug 03 priority list/preliminary work
plan/call for tenders (TNO/IUTA/DG ENV/JRC)
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Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries
WHEN?
Sept 03 decision on work plan/commitments
Sept-Nov 03 First phase of measurements
Mar Sept 04 Second phase of measurements
Oct 31st, 04deadline for measurement reports
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Thank you for your attention