DATABASE TECHNOLOGY GROUP UNION

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DATABASE TECHNOLOGY GROUP UNION

• ROSNITA BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN WGA060029
• FATIMAH RANI BINTI SAHUL HAMEED WGA060047
• FATIMAH ZAHARA BINTI TAHIR WGA060022
• JULIANA BINTI MOHD. MISNAN WGA060030
• NOORIL IZZUWA MOHD ALWI WGA060051
• FATHIA BINTI MOHAMED WGA060021

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OUTLINE

• Introduction
• What is object based database
• Definition of Object
• Defination Object based database
• What is ODBMS
• Impact to real wold
• Analysis
• Object based database features
• Advantages and disadvantages of OODBMS
• Object query Language
• SQl vs OQL
• Design
• Implementation
• Evaluation
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION
Object Based Database
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What is object based database?
Figure 1.0 Overview of Object based database
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Definition of Object

• Object is user defined complex data types, which
  is has structure or state (variables) and
  methods.
• An object is described by four characteristics
  such as
• Identifier a system-wide unique id for an object
• Name an object may also have a unique name is
  database (optional)
• Lifetime determines if the objects is persistent
  or transient
• Structure construction of objects using type
  constructor

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Definition Object based database

• is a database in which information is represented
  in the form of object.
• Object-oriented databases are specialized engines
  designed specifically to store objects
• An object based database system must satisfy two
  criteria
• it should be a DBMS, and
• it should be an object-oriented system
• Introduced to face the challenges in the Internet
  and Web applications.

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What is ODBMS

• ODBMS is a database management system (DBMS) that
  supports the modeling and creation of data as
  objects.
• allow for the storage of complex data structures.
• can handle very complex data
• provide the high-performance dictated by
  interactive systems.

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What is ODBMS

• Important Language is Data Definition and
  Manipulation Language (DDML)
• Benefits
• - Object - Oriented
• - Not depend on the application
• - Data types can be extended to support
  complex data
• - Improvement in data access performance

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Object Structure

• complex object may be constructed from other
  objects by using certain type constructors.
• It can be represented by (i,c,v)
• i is an unique id
• c is a type constructor
• v is the object state (current values)
• Constructors consist
• basic types
• atom, tuple and set
• collection type
• list, bag and array

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Impact to real world

• ODBMS provide lowest cost for development
• Best performance combination when using objects.
• stores exactly the same object model that is
  used at the application level
• Savings in development time by not having to
  worry about separate data models.
• There are many application that use object based
  database such as pagers, voicemail, online flight
  booking and PCS phone
• Industries rely on ODBMS
• Medicine
• Multi media
• High-energy physics

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Example on OODBMS

• 1 ObjectStore used by SouthWest
  Airlines Home Gaye
• 2 InterSystems' Cachè ODBMS used by Ajou
  University Medical Center in South Korea
• 3 Versant used by Chicago Stock Exchange
  
• 4 Gemstone
• 5 Ontos
• 6 DB/Explorer ODBMS
• 7 Oracle

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ANALYSIS

• Object based database features
• Advantages and disadvantages of OODBMS
• Object query Language
• SQl vs OQL

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Object Based Database Features

• Applications are specified and developed at the
  logical level
• Ability to navigate along the paths of the
  logical data model across the database.
• Can include not only primitive (atomic) data
  values, but also abstract objects representing
  entities in the real world and intangible
  concepts.
• Support aggregation classification, instantiation
  and inheritance .
• All information in a database is described using
  the same object model.
• Database object can be active as well as passive
• Exhibit behavior such inter-object
  message-passing paradigm, or abstract data
  type encapsulation

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How to connect OBD with programming

• iimport org.odmg.
• import java.util.Collection
• Implementation impl new com.vendor.odmg.Impleme
  ntation()
• Database db impl.newDatabase()
• Transaction txn impl.newTransaction()
• try
• db.open("addressDB", Database.OPEN_READ_WRITE
  )
• txn.begin()
• // perform query
• OQLQuery query new OQLQuery(
• "select x from Person x where x.name
  \"Doug Barry\"")
• Collection result (Collection)
  query.execute()
• Iterator iter result.iterator()
• // iterate over the results
• while ( iter.hasNext() )
• Person person (Person) iter.next()
• // do some addition processing on the
  person (now shown)
• // now traverse to the address object
  and update its value

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ADVANTAGES VS DISADVANTAGES OF ODBMS
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Object Query Language (OQL)

• Declarative query language
• Not computationally complete
• Syntax based on SQL (select, from, where)
• Additional flexibility (queries with user defined
  operators and types)

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Example

• The following is a sample query
• what are the names of the student?
• Select distinct FName.name
• From student_detail
• Where student.program computer science
• Valid in both SQL and OQL, but results are
• different.

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OQL vs SQL
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OQL vs SQL

• OQL
• Statement queries an object database
• Returns
• Object
• collection of objects.
• SQL
• Statement queries a relational database
• Returns
• Tuple
• tables

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DESIGN

• Complex Object
• Object Identity
• Classes
• Attribute
• Method
• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Nested table

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Object Relationship Diagram
Figure 2.0 Object relationship diagram
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Complex Object

• Complex object are unique.
• Its also contains object such as integers,
  characters, byte strings of any length, Boolean
  and floats.
• Example Figure 2.0
• create type Name as Object
• (FName varchar (20),
• LName varchar(20)
• )
• /
• Note the slash at the end, needed to get Oracle
  to process the type definition.

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• Object identity
• Which is unique identifier of particular object
  and the identifier are system generate.
• Class
• A class defines the data values stored by, and
  the functionality associated with, an object of
  that class. (figure 3.0)
• Attributes
• Represent data components that make up the
  content of a class. (figure 4.0)
• Methods
• It represents the functional component of a class
  and describes how an object operates upon its
  attributes and how it interacts with other
  related objects. (figure 5.0)

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• Encapsulation
• Provides a logical data independence.
• There are two views of encapsulation
• The programming language view
• Database adaptation
• Inheritance
• Allows one class to incorporate the attributes
  and behaviors at one or more other classes.
• Example Based on figure 2.0, class Student and
  Teacher(child) are inherited from class
  Person(parent class)
• Nested table
• A more powerful use of object types in Oracle is
  the fact that the type of column can be a table
  type.

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Classes
Figure 3.0 Class and Subclass
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Attributes
Person (name, address, phoneNo,idNumber,dateOfBirt
h)
Figure 4.0 Object Attributes
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Method

• create type student as (
• name Name
• address Address
• phoneNo PhoneNo
• program varchar (20)
• department varchar (20)
• cgpa number (1,2))
• not final
• method ageOnDate (onDate date)
• return interval year
• create instance method ageOnDate (onDate date)
• return interval year
• for student
• begin
• return onDate-self.dateOfBirth
• end

Figure 5.0 Methods
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Nested Tables

• CREATE TYPE Contact AS TABLE OF AddressCREATE
  TABLE Person (      name   Name,      mailing
  Contact)      NESTED TABLE mailing STORE AS
  MailingTable

Figure 6.0 Nested table
Notes The above relations that represent
individual Person are not stored directly as
values of the mailing attribute.
Rather, they are stored in a single table, whose
name is declared as MailingTable to store
the relations of type Contact.
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User defined Data Types

• Creating a row type
• Example
• create row type AddressType(
• street char(50),
• city char(20)
• postcode number(5))
• create row type personalType(
• name char(30),
• address AddressType)

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Creating Data Types

• Creating Table
• create table student_detail
• of Student
• create table teacher_detail of Teacher

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IMPLEMENTATION
Step by step how to create the Object based
database for Student
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EVALUATION
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COMPARISON BETWEEN RDBMS AND OODBMS
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COMPARISON BETWEEN RDBMS AND OODBMS
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CONCLUSION
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CONCLUSION

• In order to implement ODBMS, the user should
  consider the following factor which is
• Business need
• High performance
• Complex data

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Implementation Result
a) Syntax to create type name as object
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Implementation Result
b) Syntax to create type address as object
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Implementation Result
c) Syntax to create type phoneno as object
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Implementation Result
d) Syntax to create type Person as object

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Implementation Result
e) Syntax to create type Student

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Implementation Result
f) Syntax to create type Teacher

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Implementation Result
g) Syntax to create table student_detail

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Implementation Result
h) Syntax to create table teacher_detail

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Implementation Result
i) Syntax to insert value into table
student_detail

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Implementation Result
j) Syntax to show the value of student_detail


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Implementation Result
k) Syntax to update table student_detail