Survey of Inorganic

1
Survey of Inorganic

• Chem 441 Inorganic Chemistry
• Dr. Jeff Seyler

2
What is Inorganic Chemistry?

• Chemistry of all elements
• Organic focuses on HC, Inorganic everything
  else
• Electronic structure, PT trends, bonding theory
• atomic and molecular orbitals, reactivity
• Group theory and molecular symmetry
• applies to orbitals, structure, and spectroscopy
• Coordination complexes and organometallics
• metal-ligand bonds and catalysts
• Analytical techniques and spectroscopy
• CV (cyclic voltammetry), IR, UV-vis, NMR, and
  x-ray

3
Chemistry of all Elements

• Sampled throughout the semester
• time limited, two semesters organic, one for
  inorganic
• higher coordination numbers, new geometries
• simple binary compounds
• PCl3, NO2, B2H6, XeF4
• complex polyatomics
• (Me2SiO)3
• Co(NH3)6Br2
• isomers
• cis/trans, fac/mer
• optical

4
Electronic Structure

• Schrödinger wave function, ? (psi)
• quantum numbers and electron density
• Lewis structures
• formal charge, resonance, VSEPR structure
• Valence bond theory
• hybridization, combination of atomic orbitals
• Molecular orbital theory
• energy diagrams, bonding and antibonding
• Crystal field and ligand field theory
• d-orbital splitting and color (vis absorption)

5
Group Theory

• Symmetry Elements
• 1. Identity, E
• 2. n-Fold rotations, Cn
• 3. Reflection, s
• 4. Inversion, i
• 5. Improper n-fold rotation, Sn
• Point Groups
• Cs, Cnv, Dnh, Td, Oh
• Character Tables
• Mulliken symbols (A1, B2, T2g)
• orbital assignments (a1, b2, t2g)

6
Coordination and Organometallics

• Ligands
• electron donors, Lewis bases
• dative covalent bonding
• Polydentate
• ethylenediamine, H2N-CH2CH2-NH2
• porphyrins, EDTA4-
• Metal-carbon bonds
• Ni(CO)4, TMA (Al(CH3)3)2
• vitamin B12 coenzyme (page 459)
• p-complexes
• Zeises salt, KPt(C2H4)Cl3H2O
• (1,3-SiMe3In) 2Zr(CO)2

7
Analytical Techniques

• Cyclic voltammetry, CVs
• electrochemistry
• redox potentials
• reversible and irreversible
• Spectroscopy
• IR, UV-vis, and NMR
• symmetry applications
• X-ray crystallography
• crystal latice, unit cells
• ORTEP, 30 probability ellipsoids

8
linked figures
The following slides are figures linked to within
the slide presentation.
9
Cobalt coord. complex
back
10
Isomers
back
11
Zr complex (ORTEP)
back
12
Schrödinger wavefunction

• Radial
• Colatitude
• Azimuthal

back
13
Orbital Diagram
back
14
Crystal Field Theory
d-orbital splitting
back
15
Character Tables
Symmetry elements
Point group
C2v E C2 sv(xz) sv(xy) applications
A1 1 1 1 1 z A2 1 1 -1 -1
Rz B1 1 -1 1 -1 x, Ry B2 1 -1 -1
1 y, Rx
x,y,z coordinate (p orbitals) Rotation axis
Mulliken Symbols
back
16
Ligands, L

• Neutral
• amines (NR3), phosphines (PR3)
• alcohols (ROH), ethers (ROR), carbonyls
• nitriles, isocyanides (RN?C)
• Ionic (mostly anions)
• halides, cyanide, sulfide, oxide
• alkoxides (RO1-), amides (NR21-) , nitrosyl
  (NO1)
• p-donors
• carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones)
• alkenes and alkynes
• aromatic rings (cyclopentadienyl anion, Cp)

back
17
Polydentate
back
18
CV, reversible
back
19
CV, irreversible
back
20
Spectroscopy

• Infrared (IR)
• vibration (bond stretch and bending)
• atom and bond dependent
• UV-vis
• electronic excitation
• orbital energies
• NMR (1H, 13C, 31P, others)
• nuclear excitation
• atom connectivity

Complex v(CO), cm-1 Ti(CO)62-
1748 Cr(CO)6 2000 Fe(CO)62
2204 free CO 2143
back
21
Crystal Lattice
back
22
ORTEP
back