Grammar Boot Camp

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This workshop will teach you to

• Identify Write Phrases
• Identify Write Clauses

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Phrases

• Q What is a phrase?
• A A phrase is a group of related words NOT
  containing a subject or a verb.

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Phrases
Group of Related Words
Begins with a signal word either a preposition,
an infinitive, a participle or a gerund May be
followed by a modifier the or a Includes an
object noun or pronoun
Types of Phrases
Prepositional Infinitive Participial
Gerund
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Prepositional Phrase

• Begins with a preposition

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Prepositional Phrase

• The cadets marched through the woods.
• Everyone in the class wrote an essay.

modifier
preposition
object
preposition
object
modifier
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Practice Pause

• Identify the prepositional phrases in the
  sentences below
• 1. The playful puppy ran around the yard.
• 2. My shoes are in the back of the closet.
• 3. The students listened with great interest.

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Practice Pause
KEY

• Identify the prepositional phrases in the
  sentences below
• 1. The playful puppy ran around the yard.
• 2. My shoes are in the back of the closet.
• 3. The students listened with great interest.

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Infinitive Phrase

• Begins with to verb
• to run
• to see
• to talk

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Infinitive Phrase

• To exercise every day is a good habit.
• I was relieved to finish my project.

object
infinitive
modifier
infinitive
object
modifier
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Participial Phrase

• Begins with a verb ending in
• -ed, -en, or -ing
• stopped
• chosen
• going

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Participial Phrase

• Jerry, carrying the suitcases, helped his Mom out
  of the taxi cab.
• Known for her patience, Mrs. Garcia was his
  favorite teacher.

participle
object
modifier
participle
object
modifiers
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Practice Pause

• Identify the participial phrases in the sentences
  below
• 1. Being an excellent cook, Ryan hosted the
  dinner party.
• 2. Anne strolled down the path lined with roses.
• 3. The soda, frozen by the ice, was impossible to
  drink.

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Practice Pause
KEY

• Identify the participial phrases in the sentences
  below
• 1. Being an excellent cook, Ryan hosted the
  dinner party.
• 2. Anne strolled down the path lined with roses.
• 3. The soda, frozen by the ice, was impossible to
  drink.

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Gerund Phrase

• Begins with a verb ending in
• -ing
• giving
• reading
• writing

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Gerund Phrase

• Marching in unison builds teamwork.
• Alice enjoys taking afternoon classes.

object
modifier
gerund
modifier
gerund
object
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Clauses

• Q What is a clause?
• A A group of related words containing a subject
  and verb.
• Subject Verb

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Clauses
Group of Related Words with a Subject and Verb
Types of Clauses
Independent Dependent
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Independent Clause

• Contains a subject and a verb
• Can stand alone

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Independent Clause

• Del Mar is a community college.
• The SWC offers many services.

verb
Can Stand Alone
subject
Can Stand Alone
subject
verb
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Practice Pause

• Identify the subject and verb of the following
  Independent Clauses
• 1. I walk my dog every day.
• 2. Zeke hit his thumb with a hammer.
• 3. The politician gave three speeches today.

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Practice Pause
KEY

• Identify the subject and verb of the following
  Independent Clauses
• 1. I walk my dog every day.
• 2. Zeke hit his thumb with a hammer.
• 3. The politician gave three speeches today.

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Dependent Clause

• Contains a subject and a verb
• Cannot stand alone
• Begins with a signal word

Subordinating Conjunctions Relative
Pronouns
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Dependent Clause

• Because the student prepared for the exam
• The uniform that I am required to wear

subject
Cannot Stand Alone
signal word
verb
Cannot Stand Alone
subject
signal word
verb
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Practice Pause

• Identify the Dependent Clauses below
• 1. Because he is a teacher, he travels during the
  summer.
• 2. As the player scored the winning goal, the
  crowd burst into cheer.
• 3. The book that I read is inspirational.

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Practice Pause
KEY

• Identify the Dependent Clauses in the sentences
  below
• 1. Because he is a teacher, he travels during the
  summer.
• 2. As the player scored the winning goal, the
  crowd burst into cheer.
• 3. The book that I read is inspirational.

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Congratulations!

• You have successfully completed Session One of
  Grammar Boot Camp!
• For more information on Phrases Clauses, visit
  a friendly, professional tutor at the Stone
  Writing Center.
• SW 104, East Campus 698-1364
  www.delmar.edu/engl/wrtctr