NOx Emission Factors

1
NOx Emission Factors

• Robert Fowler
• ME 449 Sustainable Air Quality
• April 2001

2
Table of Contents

• Objective of work
• Major contributors for NOx emissions
• Emission factor equations
• Data sources
• Summary
• Recommendations

3
Objective

• Show emission factor calculations
• Method
• Web search and EPA manual foe emission factors
  AP-42

4
Major Contributors to NOx

• Transportation - gas and diesel vehicles
• Fuel combustion - power plants
• Industrial Processes - waste disposal/petroleum
  refinery

5
Transportation emission equation

• Driving factors Emission factor and vehicle
  miles traveled
• Equation for emission factor
• EF (BEROMTCFOMTTAM)SALCHFTF
• BER - basic emission rate
• OMTCF - operating mode/temperature correction
  factor
• OMTTAM - Tampering offset
• SALCHF - Speed correction factor
• TF - Travel fraction
• To get the emission inventory
• EI EF VMT

6
Fuel combustion emission equation

• Driving factors emission factor quantity of
  fuel consumed
• Emission factor Mass of pollutant/mass of fuel
  (or output)
• Boilers - lb NOx/ton fuel
• ICEs - lb NOx/hp-hr power output and lb
  NOx/MMBtu fuel input
• Gas turbines - lb NOx/MMBtu fuel
• Stationary diesels - lb NOx/hp-hr power output
  and lb NOx/MMBtu fuel input
• Stationary dual fuel engines - lb NOx/hp-hr power
  output and lb NOx/MMBtu fuel input

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Industrial Processes emission equations

• Driving factors Emission factor and mass of fuel
  burned
• Emission factor mass pollutant/mass (or
  volume) fuel
• Solid waste disposal - kg NOx/Mg refuse or lb
  NOx/ton refuse
• Sewage sludge - kg NOx/Mg refuse or lb NOx/ton
  sludge
• Medical - kg NOx/Mg refuse or lb NOx/ton refuse
• Open burning - kg NOx/Mg refuse or lb NOx/ton
  refuse
• Auto Body - kg NOx/Mg refuse or lb NOx/ton refuse
• Evaporation losses - g/drum or lb/drum
• Petroleum refineries - kg NOx/103 L fresh feed
  lb NOx/1000 bbl (barrel) fresh
  feed kg NOx/1000 m3 gas burned lb
  NOx/1000 ft3 gas burned kg NOx/103 L
  refinery feed lb NOx/1000 bbl refinery feed

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Data Source

• Transportation data - EPA AP-42 Vol II Appendix G
• http//www.epa.gov/otaq/ap42.htm
• Fuel combustion and industrial processes - EPA
  AP-42 Vol I Chapter 1-5, 11
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch01/
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch02/
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch03/
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch04/
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/
• http//www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch11/

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Summary

• The major contributors of NOx emissions are.
• Emission inventory is determined by ..
• Data came from..
• Conclusion
• Still dont know where they get the numbers for
  the emission factors (not in AP42??)
• EPA website very useful(for)

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Recommendations ( on

• The uncontrolled emission factors can be reduced
  by better controls within the system (what is the
  system?)
• The controlled emission factors can be reduced by
  better scrubbers and filters at the exhaust