ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

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ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

• Plagiarism, Creating a References Page, and Using
  Embedded Citations
• APA Style
• Library Information Centre
• Earl Haig Secondary School

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Today...

• What is Plagiarism?
• Taking good notes
• Creating a References page
• Giving Credit
• Using Embedded Citations
• Activities

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Plagiarism

• Its stealing
• Copying someones ideas
• Copying someones words
• Copying someones photos/images
• and saying they are your own by not giving
  proper credit
• See your agenda for the schools policy regarding
  plagiarism.

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Canada vs. Other Countries

• In some countries
• copying is acceptable and encouraged
• it shows respect for someone elses work
• it shows that you understand the topic well
• BUT...
• In Canada
• using others ideas or words without giving
  credit is unacceptable
• original thinking and writing is valued

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Preventing PlagiarismTaking Good Notes

• Skim
• Read
• Highlight/Cross-out
• Take point-form notes (brief, no sentences)
• Review and develop subheadings

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Preventing Plagiarism The References Page

• The moment you begin taking notes from a
• book, web site, encyclopedia, journal article,
• etc., record all the information for that source!

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Creating a References Page

• list all sources you have taken notes from
• record all required source information when
  taking notes
• create a References page for every assignment
  (including presentations)
• use the APA style

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Creating a References Page

• APA format requirements
• alphabetical by last name of author (only use
  initials for first names)
• double-space throughout
• indent second, third, etc., line of each entry
• title should only read References
• only the first word of a book and article title
  is capitalized
• capitalize all significant words of a journal
  title
• book, journal and web site titles are italicized

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Creating a References Page

• Other tips
• do not number or bullet your sources
• do not use hyperlinks
• do not divide by type of source
• check with your teacher if you are unsure of the
  format they require
• purchase a writing handbook or style guide

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APA StyleSample References Page

• References
• Anderson, L. (1996). Acid rain. New York
  Gloucester Press.
• Environment Canada. (2000, November 12). Our
  Great Lakes working towards a healthy and
  sustainable Great Lakes Basin ecosystem.
  Retrieved May 20, 2001, from http//www.on.ec.gc.c
  a/glimr
• Ferguson, H. (2000). Acid rain. In Canadian and
  World Encyclopedia 2000 Online. Retrieved May 15,
  2001, from http//www.tceplus.com
• Howard, R. Johnston, W. (1996). Poison in the
  sky. Toronto McClelland and Stewart.
• Lucas, G. (2000, May 25). How healthy are our
  lakes? Toronto Star. Retrieved May 25, 2001, from
  Electric Library Canada Online database
  http//www.elibrary/education.ca

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Preventing PlagiarismGiving Credit

• When you are writing an essay or creating a
  presentation, you must give credit for
• any ideas which are not your own
• any photos or images which are not your own
• direct quotations from a text

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Preventing PlagiarismGiving Credit

• But if it is...
• your own observation or thought
• something that is considered common knowledge or
  a fact
• it does not need to be cited
• make sure its not copied word-for-word!

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Preventing PlagiarismHow do I Give Credit?

• use Parenthetical Embedded Citations which show
  information about the source you got an idea or
  took a quotation or photo from
• place the info in parentheses ( ) and put
  it at the end of a statement, at the end of a
  direct quotation or under an image
• check a style guide if you are unsure of the
  format

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Embedded Citations (APA) Examples

• Citing from non-fiction - one author not named in
  text
• (Pennington, 1999, p. 73).
• Citing from non-fiction - one author named in
  text
• Pennington (1999) states that in his study,
  50 of the respondents noted a change in their
  overall feeling of happiness (p. 75).

Date of publication
Author
The page the info or quote is from
Author
Date of publication
The page the info or quote is from
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Embedded Citations (APA) Examples

• Citing from the world wide web with no page,
  paragraph, or screen numbers
• (Callway, 2001)

Date of creation/update
Author
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Embedded Citations (APA)Punctuation

• Generally, punctuation is placed outside the
  parentheses...
• (Pennington, 1999, p. 73).

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Online Resources

• Online Writing Lab - Purdue University
• http//owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_
  apa.html
• The Writing Center University of
  Wisconsin-Madison
• http//www.wisc.edu/writetest/Handbook/DocAPA.html
  review
• APA format for Annotated Bibliographies Lesley
  University
• http//www.lesley.edu/library/guides/citation/apa_
  annotated.html
• About APA Style
• http//www.apastyle.org/aboutstyle.html

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Final Thoughts...

• Taking good notes reduces your chances of
  plagiarizing.
• It takes time to learn these methods, but youll
  thank yourself in the end!
• Practice good habits now!
• Consider purchasing a handbook.

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Activity

• Creating your own References page
• Create a References page from the FIVE sources
  you have been provided with.
• Use the Research Record (APA) template as your
  guide and ensure you follow the tips.
• Write down any questions or problems you are
  encountering.
• Hand in your Reference page to the
  teacher-librarian.

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References

• Aaron, J. E. McAthur, M. (2003). The little
  brown compact handbook. Toronto Pearson
  Education Canada, Inc.
• Dodgson, R., Gibson-Gates, C., Kaminski, M.,
  Koechlin, C., Mills, S. Rosenfeld, E. (2003).
  Student research guide. Toronto Toronto District
  School Board.
• (Online lthttp//www.tdsb.on.ca/instruction/
  cyberlinks/documents/StudentResearchGuide.pdfgt)
• Kasman Valenza, J. (2003, December/2004, January)
  Anti-plagiarism campaign The struggle for
  academic integrity. Connected Newsletter. 4-7.
• OWL at Purdue University. (2004). Avoiding
  plagiarism. Retrieved February 20, 2004, from
  http//owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_
  plagiar.html
• OWL at Purdue University. (2004). Using American
  Psychological Association (APA) format (updated
  to 5th edition). Retrieved April 18, 2005, from
  http//owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_
  apa.html

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Appendix 1 Common Knowledge

• Material is probably common knowledge if . . .
• You find the same information undocumented in at
  least five other sources
• You think it is information that your readers
  will already know
• You think a person could easily find the
  information with general reference source (OWL).
• From
• OWL at Purdue University. Avoiding Plagiarism .
  2004. 20 Feb. 2004 lthttp//owl.english.purdue.edu/
  handouts/research/r_plagiar.htmlgt.