Diabetes Education Teaching Guide

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Diabetes Education Teaching Guide
Kidney Health
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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Question 1
True or False? Diabetes is the number one cause
of chronic kidney failure in the United States.
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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Answer 1
True or False? Diabetes is the number one cause
of chronic kidney failure in the United
States. True
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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Question 2

• Up to ___ of people with diabetes have high blood
  pressure.
• 30
• 65
• 5

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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Answer 2

• Up to ___ of people with diabetes have high blood
  pressure.
• 30
• 65
• 5

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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Question 3

• High blood pressure is also called
• Hypothyroidism
• Hyperactivity
• Hypertension

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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Answer 3

• High blood pressure is also called
• Hypothyroidism
• Hyperactivity
• Hypertension

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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Question 4

• Microalbumin is a
• Carbohydrate
• Period table element
• Protein
• Kind of nail fungus

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Kidney Health
Pre-Test
Answer 4

• Microalbumin is a
• Carbohydrate
• Period table element
• Protein
• Kind of nail fungus

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Kidney Health
Talking Points
??Diabetes is the number one cause of chronic
kidney (or renal) failure in the U.S. and kidney
disease among people with diabetes has more than
doubled in the past decade. According to the
National Kidney Foundation, approximately 30 of
people with long-term diabetes (about one in
three) will develop kidney disease. The good
news is that with early detection and proper
treatment, kidney disease can be slowed and, in
some cases, reversed. The kidneys are the waste
management system of the body, removing excess
fluid and toxins from the blood stream and
filtering them into the urine. The role they
play is vital if kidney function is
significantly reduced and a patient develops
end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the situation is
life-threatening and a kidney transplant or
regular dialysis treatments are the only
options. One of the reasons why people with
diabetes are at a higher risk for kidney disease
(also called nephropathy) is because of their
increased incidence of high blood pressure. The
stress of long-term hypertension can cause damage
to the blood vessels of the nephrons, the
functional filtering units of the kidney. Up to
65 of people with diabetes have high blood
pressure controlling it is essential to
preventing diabetic kidney disease.
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Kidney Health
Talking Points

• Traditionally, kidney disease has been considered
  an irreversible and progressive condition that
  will eventually lead to renal failure. But
  recent research shows that early detection can
  actually save kidney function. A 2003 study in
  the New England Journal of Medicine found that if
  the earliest sign of kidney disease
  microalbuminuria (or minute amounts of protein in
  the urine) is detected, it could be reversed if
  treated properly. Over half of type 1 patients
  with microalbuminuria in the study recovered
  their kidney function with a treatment plan
  designed to achieve good blood glucose control,
  normal blood pressure, and lower cholesterol
  levels.
• However, early detection remains key to slowing
  the progression of diabetic kidney disease.
  Familiarize yourself with the signs and symptoms
  
• Frequent urination
• Blood and/or protein in the urine
• Burning during urination
• Puffiness and swelling (edema) in the face,
  hands, and feet
• High blood pressure
• Skin itching
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness

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Kidney Health
Talking Points

• The American Diabetes Association recommends that
  people with type 1 diabetes should get a urine
  test for albumin (a protein) starting at puberty
  and/or five years after diagnosis of the disease
  (more frequently if there are additional risk
  factor for kidney disease). Other measures of
  kidney function include blood tests for
  creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
  Creatinine is a metabolic byproduct of creatine,
  the acid that supplies energy for muscle
  contractions, and BUN is an end-product of
  protein metabolism formed in the liver. Both
  urea and creatinine are filtered out of the
  bloodstream by the kidneys high amounts of these
  substances in the bloodstream indicate renal
  impairment.
• You may have reduced kidney function if
• Your microalbumin levels are gt30mg in a 24-hour
  urine test.
• Your blood creatinine is gt1.2 (women) or gt1.4
  (men). (Note this is a different test and
  measurement than urinary creatinine.)
• Your BUN levels are gt8.
• Your healthcare provider can help you interpret
  your lab test results.

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Kidney Health
Post Test
Question 1
Name three symptoms of diabetic kidney disease.
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Kidney Health
Post Test
Answer 1

• Name three symptoms of diabetic kidney disease.
• Frequent urination
• Blood and/or protein in the urine
• Burning during urination
• Puffiness and swelling in the face, hands, and
  feet
• High blood pressure
• Skin itching
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness

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Insulin Pumping
Post Test
Question 2
True or False? Early detection and treatment of
kidney disease can save kidney function.
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Kidney Health
Post Test
Answer 2
True or False? Early detection and treatment of
kidney disease can save kidney function. True
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Kidney Health
Post Test
Question 3

• According to the American Diabetes Association,
  microalbumin levels should be
• 30 mg
• 55 mg
• 120 mg

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Kidney Health
Post Test
Answer 3

• According to the American Diabetes Association,
  microalbumin levels should be
• 30 mg
• 55 mg
• 120 mg

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Kidney Health
Post Test
Question 4

• Another test to measure kidney function is BUN,
  which stands for
• Badly Undernourished Neurons
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Bleeding Until Noticed

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Kidney Health
Post Test
Answer 4

• Another test to measure kidney function is BUN,
  which stands for
• Badly Undernourished Neurons
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Bleeding Until Noticed

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Kidney Health
Related Activities

• ?Invite a registered dietitian to visit the group
  and discuss diet tips for people with diabetes
  and kidney disease. Discuss a kidney-friendly
  menu that includes tips on avoiding high sodium
  content, phosphorus, and potassium, but still
  includes some tasty meals.
• Teach the group how to calculate their glomecular
  filtration rate, or GFR, based on their serum
  creatinine lab values. Explain the significance
  of their GFR as a measure of kidney function.
• If you have other activities youd like to share,
  email us at ercc_at_dlife.com.
• Additional Resources
• Find more information about diabetes and kidney
  health on dLife.comhttp//www.dlife.com/dLife/do/
  ShowContent/type1_information/preventing_complicat
  ions/kidney.html