Title: HISPANIC
1HISPANIC REALITIES IN NORTH AMERICA Implications
for UBA Daniel R. Sánchez
2REALITY 1
- The growth of the Hispanic American population
has exceeded even the boldest projections of
demographic experts
3- Between 1970 and 2005
- THE HISPANIC POPULATION
- Grew by
- 32 MILLION (1970)
- TO A TOTAL OF
- 42 MILLION (2005)
- 44 MILLION (2007)
- (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
Generation, October, 2003)
4CONTRIBUTING FACTORSIMMIGRATIONSource Current
Population Survey, March 2000
- 4 of every 10 immigrants each year are Hispanic
5CONTRIBUTING FACTORSBIRTHSSource Current
Population Survey, March 2000
- In 1995 - 1 in every 6 was Hispanic
- By 2050 - 1 in every 3 will be Hispanic)
6In 2006 Hispanics grew more by births than by
immigrations
7Projected Hispanic Population Growth
Population in millions
Middle Series Projections
Census
8HISPANIC GROWTH
- Hispanic Americans are now the largest minority
group in America i - Have accounted for half of US population growth
since 2000 ii - i Dallas Morning News, Report Hispanic
Population Surging, June, 9, 2005, 13A. - ii Dvera Cohn, Hispanic population keeps
gaining numbers, Star Telegram, June 9, 2005, 5A.
9 REALITY 2
- Hispanics have spread throughout the country
faster than any previous immigrant group
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14Top States Hispanic Population (2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
15Top Counties Hispanic Population (2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
16Top States Growth (2000 2005)
(For states with 100,000 or more Hispanics in
2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
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19Hispanic Population in Texas(1980 2000)
- City Population Growth
of Pop Hispanic - Houston 1,247,586 211 38
- San Antonio 816,057 67 51
- Dallas 810,499 356 23
- El Paso 591,654 79 75
- McAllen 503,100 134 88
- Ft Worth 309,851 338 18
- Austin 254,039 211 38
20URBAN HISPANIC GROWTH1980 - 2000
- Areas of
Hisp Pop - Established Hispanic Metros 52 97
- New Hispanic Destinations 19 303
- Fast-growing Hispanic Hubs 25 235
- Small Hispanic Places 02 81
- Total 145
- (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
America, The Brookings Institution Center on
Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
Center)
21Established Hispanic Metros (16) (Large base /
slow growth)
- City Population (2002)
- Los Angeles 4,242,213 105
- New York 2,339, 836 60
- Chicago 1,416,584 143
- Miami 1,291,737 123
- (These Gateway Cities posted the largest
absolute increases between 1980 and 2000)
22Established Hispanic Metros (Large base / slow
growth)
- Pop 1980 Pop 2002 Change
- 7,180,206 14,119,006 97
- Cities Albuquerque, Chicago, Denver, El Paso,
Fresno, Jersey City, Los Angeles, Mc Allen,
Miami. New York, Oakland, San Antonio, San
Francisco, San Jose, Tucson, Ventura
23Fast Growing Hispanic Hubs (11)(Large base /
fast growth)
- City Population (2000)
- Houston 1,248,586 21
- Dallas 810,499 358
- Austin 327,760 211
- Bakersfield 254,760 192
24Evangelistic Implications
- 1. The Hispanic population is growing in all
metropolitan areas Urban strategies are needed - 2. New patterns of growth have developed.
- New Destinations
- Suburbs
- Adjoining towns
- 3. Metro areas can serve as hubs for evangelistic
dissemination. Like Pauls urban strategy (e.g.,
Ephesus) - (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
America,The Brookings Institution Center on
Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
Center)
25REALITY 3
- The First Generation (the immigrants) has become
the largest segment of the Hispanic population - (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
Generation, October, 2003)
26COMPARISON(2000)
- Generation Total
-
(in millions) (Of Hispanic Pop) - 1st 14.2 40
- 2nd 9.9 28
- 3rd 11.3 32
-
- (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
Generation, October, 2003)
27GENERATIONAL SHIFTS
- In mid 20th century, 3rd generation was
dominant had deepest roots in U.S. culture - By 1990, 1st generation became the largest
segment of Hispanic population
28PROJECTIONS
- Generation 2000 2010 2020
-
- 1st 40 38 34
- 2nd 28 32 36
- 3rd 32 30 30
- 1. Until 2020 the 1st generation will be the
largest - 2. The 3rd generation will remain about one third
- 3. From 2020 on, the 2nd generation will be the
largest
29REALITY 4
- The use of the Spanish language has increased in
the past two decades - (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
Generation, October, 2003)
30SPANISH BY GENERATIONS
- Gen Spanish Bilingual English
- Dominant Dominant
- 1st 72 24 4
-
- 2nd 7 47 46
-
- 3rd 0 22 78
31EVANGELISTIC CHALLENGES
- 1. Reaching the immigrant generation primarily
utilizing the Spanish language - 2. Reaching the 2nd and 3rd generation with
bi-lingual and English-dominant strategies
32REALITY 5
- Regarding educational attainment, the 2nd and
3rd generations have made significant strides yet
the 1st generation lags behind - (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
Generation, October, 2003)
33EDUCATION(Age 25 to 64)
- Gen Less than High School Some College
High School Graduate
College Graduate - 1st 54 24 13 9
- 2nd 23 33 29 15
- 3rd 25 35 27 13
34EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGE
- 1. Providing GED opportunities for Hispanic youth
and adults - 2. Encouraging Hispanic young people to complete
their high school education - 3. Encouraging 2nd and 3rd generation Hispanics
to avail themselves of existing educational
programs in universities and seminaries
35DUAL CHALLENGE
- 4. Making provision for entry-level 1st
generation Hispanics who are called to ministry - 5. There is a desperate need SBC educational
institutions to work together to build ramps
which start at the entry level but continue on to
baccalaureate and graduate levels
36REALITY 6
- Hispanics are showing more receptivity to the
evangelical message than ever before in the
history of this country
37Religious Preference
- Country Catholic Evangelical
-
- Mexico 76 16
- Puerto Rico 55 29
- Central America 51 29
- South America 70 18
- Cuba 64 20
- Dominican 74 15
- All Other 46 38
- (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)
38GREELEYS STUDY
- 23 percent of the Hispanic population now
identifies with Evangelical Protestant
denominations - i Andrew Greeley, Defection Among Hispanics,
America (July 30, 1988).61.
39PEWS STUDY
- 20 percent of Hispanics are Evangelical or Born
Again - 9 percent are Other Christian
- Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos,
December 2002, 53.
40Latest PEW Study
- More than 50 of Hispanics are seeking a more
direct and personal relationship with God than
what they find in their traditional religious
practices -
- Pew Hispanic Center, Changing Faiths Latinos
and Transformation of American Religion. 2007
41EVANGELISTIC IMPLICATIONS
- The Hispanic fields are white unto harvest
- The religious background of many Hispanics
favorably predisposes them to the evangelical
message if it is presented in a positive,
sensitive way - Most of our church members need to be trained on
how to share the good news with Roman Catholic
friends.
42MISSIONARY IMPLICATIONS
- Because of their bi-lingual and bi-cultural
background (like the Apostle Paul), Hispanics can
be among the most effective missionaries in
highly strategic parts of the world. - Missions education which stresses the positive
aspects of Hispanic identity is urgently needed
43Strategies
- Evangelism
- A. Friendship Evangelism
- B. Positive Evangelism
- Church Planting
- A. House Churches
- B. Cell-based Churches
44REALITY 7
- Hispanics are typically very conservative
regarding social values
45FAMILY VALUES
- A strong attachment to family is evident among
Hispanics who predominantly speak English and are
generations removed from the immigrant experience - A majority of Hispanics maintain that children
growing in the US will stay close to their
families - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)
46FAMILY VALUES
- For Hispanics political concerns reflect the
fact that they are more likely to be married and
have children than other Americans - Source William Frey, Demographer, Brookings
Institution.
47FAMILY VALUES
- Leading Hispanics to a personal faith in Christ
and discipling them could contribute to the
strengthening of the moral and religious values
that are needed in our country today. - Source Daniel R. Sanchez.
48REALITY 8
- 2nd and 3rd generation Hispanics have made
significant strides financially yet typically
newly arrived Hispanics have the most difficult
time financially
49Household IncomeHispanics
- Foreign-Born Native-Born
- gt30,000 57 37
- 30,000-49,000 20 28
- 50,000 11 27
- Dont Know 12 09
- (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)
50OccupationHispanics
- Foreign-Born Native-Born
- White-Collar 31 69
- Blue-Collar 65 28
-
- Other 03 03
-
51 Financial Resources
- Hispanics have great economic potential
- FuenteFelipe Korzenny, Betty Ann Korzenny,
Hispanic Marketing A Cultural Perspective (NY
Elsevier, 2005, 19)
52Purchasing Power
- The purchasing power of Hispanics will grow
from - One trillion in 2008
- to
- 2.5 trillion in 2020
53Observations
- 1st Generation Hispanics who do not speak English
are more likely to have lower incomes, to rent
living quarters, to have financial difficulties,
and to avoid using bank accounts - 2nd Generation Hispanics and those who speak
English or are bilingual are more likely to have
higher incomes - Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
54Observations
- Among Hispanics, socio-economic levels are
becoming more significant in establishing
distinctions than national origin. - Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
55IMPLICATIONS
- Utilizing needs as the point of entry could lead
to the conversion to Christ of untold numbers of
Hispanics.
56REALITY 9
- Hispanic Americans are the group with the largest
percentage of children and young people
57HISPANIC MEDIAN AGE (26.9)Source Current
Population Survey, March 2000
58YOUTH
- In this decade, births have overtaken
immigration as the largest source of Hispanic
growth. - Source Dvera Cohn, Washington Post
59YOUTH
- One in five people under the age of 18 is
Hispanic. - Source Dvera Cohn, Washington Post
60GOSPEL RECEPTIVITY
- Hispanic children and youth are more receptive to
the Evangelical Message than their parents - Source Pew Hispanic Center, 2002 National Survey
of Latinos, 53.
61Hispanic Churches In American Public LifePew
Center Notre Dame U.
62REALITY 10
- Hispanics have a great deal in common with one
another yet there is significant diversity among
them
63 Percent Distribution of Hispanics
by Type 2002
Source Current Population Survey, March 2002,
PGP-5
64Observations
- Hispanics are neither monolithic nor a hodgepodge
of distinct national origin groups - This common culture shares a diversity of views
that is most evident in the contrasts between
immigrant and native born - They share a range of attitudes and experiences
that set them apart from the non-Hispanic
population - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)
65Assimilation Stage Diversity
- Gen. Outside
- Contacts Language
- 1st Few Spanish
- 2nd Some Bilingual (Spanish
dominant) - 3rd Many Bilingual (English
dominant) - 4th Most English (only)
66Assimilation Church Planting
- Gen. Outside Church
- Contacts Language Culture
- 1st Few Spanish
Hispanic - 2nd Some Bilingual
Bicultural - (Spanish dominant)
(Hispanic dominant) - 3rd Many Bilingual
Bicultural - (English Dominant)
(Anglo Dominant) - 4th Most English
Anglo
67CONCLUSIONS
- 1. Overall findings suggest the need for new ways
of thinking and strategizing regarding the
Hispanic population in this country - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
68CONCLUSIONS
- 2. Newly arrived immigrants are bringing new
energy to Spanish and to attitudes shaped in
Latin America. This has significant implications
for evangelism and church planting among
Hispanics. - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
69CONCLUSIONS
- 3. Two processes assimilation and immigration
are taking place side-by-side in the Hispanic
communities, often within a single family - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
70CONCLUSIONS
- 4. The vast and widespread growth of Americas
Hispanic population also signals new forms of
growth and new areas of settlement across the
nations metropolitan landscape - (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
America, The Brookings Institution Center on
Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
Center)
71CONCLUSIONS
- 5. These Hispanic population trends seem to
follow discernable pathways likely to carry into
the future and should be taken into account in
the development of strategic plans. - (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos
72CONCLUSIONS
- 6. The need for mission strategists to adapt
quickly to vast change presents special
challenges in metro areas that started with
miniscule Hispanic populations and that
experienced sudden, substantial growth. - (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan America,
The Brookings Institution Center on Urban
Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic Center)
73CONCLUSIONS
- 7. Mission strategists responsible for planning
the allocation of services and resources need to
tailor their decision-making to the particular
growth variation in their ministry area - (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan America,
The Brookings Institution Center on Urban
Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic Center)
74IMPLICATIONS
- 1. For Evangelism?
- 2. For Church Planting?
- 3. For Penetrating The Culture?
- 4. For Leadership Training/ Resource Development?
75THE HISPANIC CHALLENGE
-
- HOW WILL YOU RESPOND
- TO THIS CHALLENGE?
76Resources
- To obtain additional copies of this presentation
of purchase the book Hispanic Realities Impacting
America visit the Church Starting Network website
www.churchstarting.net - You may contact Dr. Sanchez through his e-mail
address dsanchez_at_swbts.edu - Or call 817 454 9016