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HISPANIC

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Title: HISPANIC


1
HISPANIC REALITIES IN NORTH AMERICA Implications
for UBA Daniel R. Sánchez
2
REALITY 1
  • The growth of the Hispanic American population
    has exceeded even the boldest projections of
    demographic experts

3
  • Between 1970 and 2005
  • THE HISPANIC POPULATION
  • Grew by
  • 32 MILLION (1970)
  • TO A TOTAL OF
  • 42 MILLION (2005)
  • 44 MILLION (2007)
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
    Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
    Generation, October, 2003)

4
CONTRIBUTING FACTORSIMMIGRATIONSource Current
Population Survey, March 2000
  • 4 of every 10 immigrants each year are Hispanic

5
CONTRIBUTING FACTORSBIRTHSSource Current
Population Survey, March 2000
  • In 1995 - 1 in every 6 was Hispanic
  • By 2050 - 1 in every 3 will be Hispanic)

6
In 2006 Hispanics grew more by births than by
immigrations
7
Projected Hispanic Population Growth
Population in millions
Middle Series Projections
Census
8
HISPANIC GROWTH
  • Hispanic Americans are now the largest minority
    group in America i
  • Have accounted for half of US population growth
    since 2000 ii
  • i Dallas Morning News, Report Hispanic
    Population Surging, June, 9, 2005, 13A.
  • ii Dvera Cohn, Hispanic population keeps
    gaining numbers, Star Telegram, June 9, 2005, 5A.

9
REALITY 2
  • Hispanics have spread throughout the country
    faster than any previous immigrant group

10
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14
Top States Hispanic Population (2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
15
Top Counties Hispanic Population (2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
16
Top States Growth (2000 2005)
(For states with 100,000 or more Hispanics in
2005)
Population Estimates as of July 1
17
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19
Hispanic Population in Texas(1980 2000)
  • City Population Growth
    of Pop Hispanic
  • Houston 1,247,586 211 38
  • San Antonio 816,057 67 51
  • Dallas 810,499 356 23
  • El Paso 591,654 79 75
  • McAllen 503,100 134 88
  • Ft Worth 309,851 338 18
  • Austin 254,039 211 38

20
URBAN HISPANIC GROWTH1980 - 2000
  • Areas of
    Hisp Pop
  • Established Hispanic Metros 52 97
  • New Hispanic Destinations 19 303
  • Fast-growing Hispanic Hubs 25 235
  • Small Hispanic Places 02 81
  • Total 145
  • (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
    America, The Brookings Institution Center on
    Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
    Center)

21
Established Hispanic Metros (16) (Large base /
slow growth)
  • City Population (2002)
  • Los Angeles 4,242,213 105
  • New York 2,339, 836 60
  • Chicago 1,416,584 143
  • Miami 1,291,737 123
  • (These Gateway Cities posted the largest
    absolute increases between 1980 and 2000)

22
Established Hispanic Metros (Large base / slow
growth)
  • Pop 1980 Pop 2002 Change
  • 7,180,206 14,119,006 97
  • Cities Albuquerque, Chicago, Denver, El Paso,
    Fresno, Jersey City, Los Angeles, Mc Allen,
    Miami. New York, Oakland, San Antonio, San
    Francisco, San Jose, Tucson, Ventura

23
Fast Growing Hispanic Hubs (11)(Large base /
fast growth)
  • City Population (2000)
  • Houston 1,248,586 21
  • Dallas 810,499 358
  • Austin 327,760 211
  • Bakersfield 254,760 192

24
Evangelistic Implications
  • 1. The Hispanic population is growing in all
    metropolitan areas Urban strategies are needed
  • 2. New patterns of growth have developed.
  • New Destinations
  • Suburbs
  • Adjoining towns
  • 3. Metro areas can serve as hubs for evangelistic
    dissemination. Like Pauls urban strategy (e.g.,
    Ephesus)
  • (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
    America,The Brookings Institution Center on
    Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
    Center)

25
REALITY 3
  • The First Generation (the immigrants) has become
    the largest segment of the Hispanic population
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
    Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
    Generation, October, 2003)

26
COMPARISON(2000)
  • Generation Total

  • (in millions) (Of Hispanic Pop)
  • 1st 14.2 40
  • 2nd 9.9 28
  • 3rd 11.3 32
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
    Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
    Generation, October, 2003)

27
GENERATIONAL SHIFTS
  • In mid 20th century, 3rd generation was
    dominant had deepest roots in U.S. culture
  • By 1990, 1st generation became the largest
    segment of Hispanic population

28
PROJECTIONS
  • Generation 2000 2010 2020

  • 1st 40 38 34
  • 2nd 28 32 36
  • 3rd 32 30 30
  • 1. Until 2020 the 1st generation will be the
    largest
  • 2. The 3rd generation will remain about one third
  • 3. From 2020 on, the 2nd generation will be the
    largest

29
REALITY 4
  • The use of the Spanish language has increased in
    the past two decades
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
    Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
    Generation, October, 2003)

30
SPANISH BY GENERATIONS
  • Gen Spanish Bilingual English
  • Dominant Dominant
  • 1st 72 24 4
  • 2nd 7 47 46
  • 3rd 0 22 78

31
EVANGELISTIC CHALLENGES
  • 1. Reaching the immigrant generation primarily
    utilizing the Spanish language
  • 2. Reaching the 2nd and 3rd generation with
    bi-lingual and English-dominant strategies

32
REALITY 5
  • Regarding educational attainment, the 2nd and
    3rd generations have made significant strides yet
    the 1st generation lags behind
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center, Roberto Suro and
    Jeffery S. Passel, The Rise of the Second
    Generation, October, 2003)

33
EDUCATION(Age 25 to 64)
  • Gen Less than High School Some College
    High School Graduate
    College Graduate
  • 1st 54 24 13 9
  • 2nd 23 33 29 15
  • 3rd 25 35 27 13

34
EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGE
  • 1. Providing GED opportunities for Hispanic youth
    and adults
  • 2. Encouraging Hispanic young people to complete
    their high school education
  • 3. Encouraging 2nd and 3rd generation Hispanics
    to avail themselves of existing educational
    programs in universities and seminaries

35
DUAL CHALLENGE
  • 4. Making provision for entry-level 1st
    generation Hispanics who are called to ministry
  • 5. There is a desperate need SBC educational
    institutions to work together to build ramps
    which start at the entry level but continue on to
    baccalaureate and graduate levels

36
REALITY 6
  • Hispanics are showing more receptivity to the
    evangelical message than ever before in the
    history of this country

37
Religious Preference
  • Country Catholic Evangelical
  • Mexico 76 16
  • Puerto Rico 55 29
  • Central America 51 29
  • South America 70 18
  • Cuba 64 20
  • Dominican 74 15
  • All Other 46 38
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)

38
GREELEYS STUDY
  • 23 percent of the Hispanic population now
    identifies with Evangelical Protestant
    denominations
  • i Andrew Greeley, Defection Among Hispanics,
    America (July 30, 1988).61.

39
PEWS STUDY
  • 20 percent of Hispanics are Evangelical or Born
    Again
  • 9 percent are Other Christian
  • Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos,
    December 2002, 53.

40
Latest PEW Study
  • More than 50 of Hispanics are seeking a more
    direct and personal relationship with God than
    what they find in their traditional religious
    practices
  • Pew Hispanic Center, Changing Faiths Latinos
    and Transformation of American Religion. 2007

41
EVANGELISTIC IMPLICATIONS
  • The Hispanic fields are white unto harvest
  • The religious background of many Hispanics
    favorably predisposes them to the evangelical
    message if it is presented in a positive,
    sensitive way
  • Most of our church members need to be trained on
    how to share the good news with Roman Catholic
    friends.

42
MISSIONARY IMPLICATIONS
  • Because of their bi-lingual and bi-cultural
    background (like the Apostle Paul), Hispanics can
    be among the most effective missionaries in
    highly strategic parts of the world.
  • Missions education which stresses the positive
    aspects of Hispanic identity is urgently needed

43
Strategies
  • Evangelism
  • A. Friendship Evangelism
  • B. Positive Evangelism
  • Church Planting
  • A. House Churches
  • B. Cell-based Churches

44
REALITY 7
  • Hispanics are typically very conservative
    regarding social values

45
FAMILY VALUES
  • A strong attachment to family is evident among
    Hispanics who predominantly speak English and are
    generations removed from the immigrant experience
  • A majority of Hispanics maintain that children
    growing in the US will stay close to their
    families
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)

46
FAMILY VALUES
  • For Hispanics political concerns reflect the
    fact that they are more likely to be married and
    have children than other Americans
  • Source William Frey, Demographer, Brookings
    Institution.

47
FAMILY VALUES
  • Leading Hispanics to a personal faith in Christ
    and discipling them could contribute to the
    strengthening of the moral and religious values
    that are needed in our country today.
  • Source Daniel R. Sanchez.

48
REALITY 8
  • 2nd and 3rd generation Hispanics have made
    significant strides financially yet typically
    newly arrived Hispanics have the most difficult
    time financially

49
Household IncomeHispanics
  • Foreign-Born Native-Born
  • gt30,000 57 37
  • 30,000-49,000 20 28
  • 50,000 11 27
  • Dont Know 12 09
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)

50
OccupationHispanics
  • Foreign-Born Native-Born
  • White-Collar 31 69
  • Blue-Collar 65 28
  • Other 03 03

51
Financial Resources
  • Hispanics have great economic potential
  • FuenteFelipe Korzenny, Betty Ann Korzenny,
    Hispanic Marketing A Cultural Perspective (NY
    Elsevier, 2005, 19)

52
Purchasing Power
  • The purchasing power of Hispanics will grow
    from
  • One trillion in 2008
  • to
  • 2.5 trillion in 2020

53
Observations
  • 1st Generation Hispanics who do not speak English
    are more likely to have lower incomes, to rent
    living quarters, to have financial difficulties,
    and to avoid using bank accounts
  • 2nd Generation Hispanics and those who speak
    English or are bilingual are more likely to have
    higher incomes
  • Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

54
Observations
  • Among Hispanics, socio-economic levels are
    becoming more significant in establishing
    distinctions than national origin.
  • Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

55
IMPLICATIONS
  • Utilizing needs as the point of entry could lead
    to the conversion to Christ of untold numbers of
    Hispanics.

56
REALITY 9
  • Hispanic Americans are the group with the largest
    percentage of children and young people

57
HISPANIC MEDIAN AGE (26.9)Source Current
Population Survey, March 2000
58
YOUTH
  • In this decade, births have overtaken
    immigration as the largest source of Hispanic
    growth.
  • Source Dvera Cohn, Washington Post

59
YOUTH
  • One in five people under the age of 18 is
    Hispanic.
  • Source Dvera Cohn, Washington Post

60
GOSPEL RECEPTIVITY
  • Hispanic children and youth are more receptive to
    the Evangelical Message than their parents
  • Source Pew Hispanic Center, 2002 National Survey
    of Latinos, 53.

61
Hispanic Churches In American Public LifePew
Center Notre Dame U.
62
REALITY 10
  • Hispanics have a great deal in common with one
    another yet there is significant diversity among
    them

63
Percent Distribution of Hispanics
by Type 2002
Source Current Population Survey, March 2002,
PGP-5
64
Observations
  • Hispanics are neither monolithic nor a hodgepodge
    of distinct national origin groups
  • This common culture shares a diversity of views
    that is most evident in the contrasts between
    immigrant and native born
  • They share a range of attitudes and experiences
    that set them apart from the non-Hispanic
    population
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos)

65
Assimilation Stage Diversity
  • Gen. Outside
  • Contacts Language
  • 1st Few Spanish
  • 2nd Some Bilingual (Spanish
    dominant)
  • 3rd Many Bilingual (English
    dominant)
  • 4th Most English (only)

66
Assimilation Church Planting
  • Gen. Outside Church
  • Contacts Language Culture
  • 1st Few Spanish
    Hispanic
  • 2nd Some Bilingual
    Bicultural
  • (Spanish dominant)
    (Hispanic dominant)
  • 3rd Many Bilingual
    Bicultural
  • (English Dominant)
    (Anglo Dominant)
  • 4th Most English
    Anglo

67
CONCLUSIONS
  • 1. Overall findings suggest the need for new ways
    of thinking and strategizing regarding the
    Hispanic population in this country
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

68
CONCLUSIONS
  • 2. Newly arrived immigrants are bringing new
    energy to Spanish and to attitudes shaped in
    Latin America. This has significant implications
    for evangelism and church planting among
    Hispanics.
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

69
CONCLUSIONS
  • 3. Two processes assimilation and immigration
    are taking place side-by-side in the Hispanic
    communities, often within a single family
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

70
CONCLUSIONS
  • 4. The vast and widespread growth of Americas
    Hispanic population also signals new forms of
    growth and new areas of settlement across the
    nations metropolitan landscape
  • (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan
    America, The Brookings Institution Center on
    Urban Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic
    Center)

71
CONCLUSIONS
  • 5. These Hispanic population trends seem to
    follow discernable pathways likely to carry into
    the future and should be taken into account in
    the development of strategic plans.
  • (Source Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family
    Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos

72
CONCLUSIONS
  • 6. The need for mission strategists to adapt
    quickly to vast change presents special
    challenges in metro areas that started with
    miniscule Hispanic populations and that
    experienced sudden, substantial growth.
  • (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan America,
    The Brookings Institution Center on Urban
    Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic Center)

73
CONCLUSIONS
  • 7. Mission strategists responsible for planning
    the allocation of services and resources need to
    tailor their decision-making to the particular
    growth variation in their ministry area
  • (Source Latino Growth in Metropolitan America,
    The Brookings Institution Center on Urban
    Metropolitan Policy and the Pew Hispanic Center)

74
IMPLICATIONS
  • 1. For Evangelism?
  • 2. For Church Planting?
  • 3. For Penetrating The Culture?
  • 4. For Leadership Training/ Resource Development?

75
THE HISPANIC CHALLENGE
  • HOW WILL YOU RESPOND
  • TO THIS CHALLENGE?

76
Resources
  • To obtain additional copies of this presentation
    of purchase the book Hispanic Realities Impacting
    America visit the Church Starting Network website
    www.churchstarting.net
  • You may contact Dr. Sanchez through his e-mail
    address dsanchez_at_swbts.edu
  • Or call 817 454 9016
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