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Chicago Race Riot of 1919

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... Congress: Chicago Daily News negatives collection, DN-0003451. ... From: A Political Atlas of the African Diaspora, 1900-1989: ... hear latest news of Riot ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chicago Race Riot of 1919


1
Chicago Race Riot of 1919
Brandon S. Doty Seton Academy, IL Adventure of
the American Mind - Loyola University
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection, DN-0003451. Courtesy of the
Chicago Historical Society. Image of a crowd of
African American men standing on the sidewalks in
front of a Walgreen Drugs at the corner of 35th
and South State Street in the Douglas community
area of Chicago, Illinois, during a race riot.
Police officers are standing at the forefront of
the crowd.
2
I Tremble for my country when I reflect that God
is just that His justice cannot sleep
forever.Thomas Jefferson, 1782
  • We hold these truths to be self-evident,
  • that all men are created equal,
  • that they are endowed by their creator
  • with certain unalienable Rights,
  • that among these are
  • Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.
  • Declaration of Independence, 1776

3
  • Sunday, July 27, 1919
  • Eugene Williams, 18, (Black) killed at Segregated
    29th Street Beach. Stoned and Drowned.
  • Whites threw stones at Williams as he crossed
    the invisible line separating whites and blacks.
  • George Stauber (White), is accused of being the
    rock thrower.
  • Police Officer Daniel Callahan (White), refuses
    to arrest Stauber or allow help to reach
    Williams.
  • Fights between Blacks and Whites break out.
  • 2 other officers show up to arrest Stauber and
    get the wounded Callahan out of the beach.

The Catalyst
From A Political Atlas of the African Diaspora,
1900-1989 The Institute for Diasporic Studies,
Northwestern University http//www.diaspora.nort
hwestern.edu Caption People Leaving Chicago's
20 th Street Beach after the Drowning of Eugene
Williams
4
I believe that there will ultimately be a clash
between the oppressed and those doing the
oppressing. I believe that there will be a
clash between those who want freedom, justice
and equality for everyone, and those who want to
continue the system of exploitation. Malcolm
X, 1961
5
Large Crowd of African-Americans gathers at
Walgreen's to hear latest news of Riot
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection, DN-0003451. Courtesy of the
Chicago Historical Society. Image of a crowd of
African American men standing on the sidewalks in
front of a Walgreen Drugs at the corner of 35th
and South State Street in the Douglas community
area of Chicago, Illinois, during a race riot.
Police officers are standing at the forefront of
the crowd.
6
A Riot is the language of the unheardMartin
Luther King, Jr., 1963
  • Can we all just get along?
  • Rodney King, 1992
  • During Los Angles Riots

7
5 Chicago Police Officers and 1 Illinois
National Guard Member
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection , DN-0003451. Courtesy of
the Chicago Historical Society.
8
For the Next 7 Days the Riots Flared On and Off
Murder, Drive-by Shootings, Lynchings, Arson,
and General Destruction
  • Sunday July 27, 1919
  • Eugene Williams dead.
  • George Stauber arrested.
  • White and Black gangs rampage on South Side.
  • Whites crossing into Black neighborhoods were
    attacked, same for Blacks crossing into white
    neighborhoods.
  • Monday July 28, 1919
  • White gangs attack black stockyard workers on
    their way home.
  • Whites raid black neighborhoods and set fire to
    homes.
  • Blacks seek revenge attack street cars and Whites
    homes.

9
A White Gang Hunts for Negroes
  • 20 People killed on Monday Night Rioting
  • Tuesday, July 29, 1919
  • - Riot Spreads north to the Loop and south to
    the Englewood Neighborhood
  • (Mostly White in 1919)
  • - Police regain control for short time, THEN. . .

From University of Illinois at Chicago - Gangs
and the 1919 Chicago Race Riot,
http//www.uic.edu/orgs/kbc/ganghistory/Industrial
20Era/Riotbegins.html Caption A White Gang
Hunts for Negroes
10
White Men Stoning a Black Man to Death
  • Wednesday, July 30, 1919
  • Nightfall White gangs in cars drive south to
    Black neighborhoods and do the 1st Ever Drive-By
    Shootings.
  • Most Drive-By Shooters Killed or Injured by
    Chicago Police.
  • Police try to keep Whites and Blacks separate.
  • 1030pm Mayor Thompson finally calls Gov. Lowden
    for National Guard Help.
  • Riots subside with Army Presence.

From A Political Atlas of the African Diaspora,
1900-1989 The Institute for Diasporic Studies,
Northwestern University - White Men Stoning a
Black Man to Death Image from Race Riot
Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919' by William
Tuttle, Jr., Atheneum Press, NY, 1970
11
Rescuing a Negro During the Race Riots in Chicago
From Rescuing a Negro During the Race Riots in
Chicago Outlook 8-20-1919 Originally from
Underwood and Underwood City University of New
York Newman Library Digital Collections
12
The Weekend Comes
  • Thursday July 31, 1919 and Friday August 1, 1919
  • Rain began to fall on the city
  • All is quiet . . . Or So it Seemed. . .
  • Saturday August 2, 1919
  • 948 Lithuanian immigrants left homeless
  • 49 Homes burned down.
  • Arson? Riot? Was there a Connection?

13
The Costs
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection , DN-0003451. Courtesy of
the Chicago Historical Society.
14
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection , DN-0003451. Courtesy of
the Chicago Historical Society.
15
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection , DN-0003451. Courtesy of
the Chicago Historical Society.
16
From Library of Congress Chicago Daily News
negatives collection , DN-0003451. Courtesy of
the Chicago Historical Society.
17
From Ohio Historical Society African-American
Experience in Ohio, 1850-1920 The Cleveland
Advocate, 8-16-1919
18
The Numbers
  • 38 People Killed
  • - 23 Blacks
  • 15 Whites
  • 520 Injured
  • - 342 Blacks
  • - 178 Whites
  • 100s Of Homes Destroyed

19
Our Freedom of Speech is freedom or Death. We
got to Fight the powers that be.Lemme hear you
sayFight the Power. . .Cause Im Black and Im
Proud. Im ready and hyped and plus Im
amped.Most of my heroes dont appear on no
Stamps.Public Enemy, Fight the Power, 1989
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