Level 1 Biology: Chapter 1

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• 1
• Level 1 Biology Chapter 1
• Science as a Way of Learning
• A Guide to the Natural World

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What is Biology?

• The study of life
• Something living is called an organism
• Branches of Biology
• Name some and describe what each is involved in
  studying.

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• D. How does science impact the everyday world?
  (Section 1.1)
• Over the next week, work with your group to
  collect as many biologically-related news
  articles that you can. Sources must include at
  least one of each of the following
• Local newspaper, Daily city newspaper, Weekly
  news magazine or
• CNN home page
• At the end of one week, get together with your
  group and place the articles in categories such
  as medicine and health, agriculture,
  environmental issues, child development, etc.
• Decide which issues have an impact on society
  (will affect the lives of ordinary people like
  you and me).
• Debate whether decision making on those issues
  should be left to experts alone, or should the
  public have a say.

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• 2. Follow up with one of the several news stories
  listed under Chapter 1, Section 1.1. For example,
  global warming was mentioned. The news article
  discussed a report predicting a global
  temperature rise on earth of between 1C and
  3.5C in the next 100 years. Internet activity
  (Interactive Activity 2) provides a site listing
  the average temperature of a city in 2100. List
  the causes of global warming and why
  photosynthesis would be affected.

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• E. What does the public think, and know, about
  science? (Section 1.2) How scientifically
  literate are Americans? Locate the percentage of
  Americans that know what DNA is. What percent of
  Americans think the sun goes around the Earth?

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News Topics in Biology

• Choosing the sex of your child
• Cloning
• Fad diets
• Global warming
• Killer germs
• Behavioral genetics
• Did the dinosaurs descend from birds?
• Stem cell research
• Diseases such as West Nile, AIDS, etc.

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• II. What Is Science? (Section 1.3)
• A. Definition of theory
• B. Scientific Method
• 1. Observe 2. Question
• 3. Formulate a hypothesis 4. Test
  with experiments
• 5. Draw Conclusions

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Great Scientists Ponder what is believed to be
truth

• Spontaneous generation life from nonlife
• Maggots from meat? Disproved by Redi.
• Mice from
• sweaty shirt.
• Bacteria from
• broth (soup).

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Where did the bacteria come from that spoiled
broth?

• C. Pasteur and Spontaneous GenerationPractice
  using the scientific method

Sterile completely free of living things
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(No Transcript)
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No Growth
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Controlled Experiment

• Test only one factor this is the variable
• Two groups experimental and control -
• Needed for comparison
• The experimental group is identical to the
  control group except for the variable.
• In Pasteurs experiment one group had swan-neck
  flasks (experimental) the other had the swan
  neck broken off (control).
• Must be reproducible by other scientists.

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• IV. Evolution Biologys Chief Unifying Principle
• A. Evolution is the gradual modification of
  populations of living organisms over time
• B. Shapes appearance of species
• C. Why is it this way?

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Evolution has become a Theory

• Not readily accepted when first proposed
• Religious beliefs contradicted the scientific
  evidence
• Gradually science has provided evidence
  supporting the theory of evolution
• None of the scientific evidence disproved it.
• The theory evolves as new information becomes
  available.

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What is Life?

• Respond to environment
• Maintain homeostasis (constant internal
  environment)
• DNA
• Reproduce
• Made of one or more cells
• Evolved from other living things
• Are highly organized

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• B. Levels at which life is organized
• Atoms
• Molecules
• Organelles
• Cells
• Tissue
• Organ
• Organism
• 8. Population
• 9. Community
• 10. Biosphere

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Write a Lab Report
Do Seeds Need Light to Germinate?

• Introduction give some background on the
  subject being studied look up in your book what
  seeds need to germinate
• Purpose state why this experiment is being done
  
• Hypothesis predict what you think is going to
  happen
• Materials list in columns, not a paragraph

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• Procedure
• Number each step (like in a cookbook)
• Give specific instruction about what has to be
  done to duplicate this experiment (pretend you
  are writing this for a really dumb biology
  teacher)
• Never use I, You, Your, etc.
• Dont include such things as
• Gather the equipment
• Use pencil and paper to record results

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• Results
• these always go after the procedure, never at
  the end of the lab report.
• These should include observations and
  measurements (never in paragraph form) use
  columns, tables, etc.
• Use a ruler or the computer do not hand draw
  lines for columns or tables
• Graphs should be traditional, not 3-D or hard to
  read computer-generated graphs

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• Conclusions
• Explain how the results supported or did not
  support hypothesis
• If no hypothesis, explain what you learned by
  performing this lab
• If there are any analysis questions, these go
  after your conclusions.

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The End