BIOLOGY FORM 4

1
BIOLOGY FORM 4
PuT3R! B.Sc.Ed. (Hons)
2
CONTENTS

• CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Biology
• CHAPTER 2 Cell Structure and Cell
• Organisation
• CHAPTER 3 Movement of Substances Across
• the Plasma Membrane
• CHAPTER 4 Chemical Composition of the cell
• CHAPTER 5 Cell Division
• CHAPTER 6 Nutrition
• CHAPTER 7 Respiration
• CHAPTER 8 Dynamic Ecosystem
• CHAPTER 9 Endanger Ecosystem

3
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Biology

• The word Biology comes from Greek words, Bios
  meaning Life and Logos meaning Knowledge.
• Biology is the study of every aspect of life at a
  every level of its organisation
• Biology is the scientific study of life

4

• Importance of Biology.
• Biology has enable us to understand heredity and
  the inheritance of genetic abnormalities that
  cause dieses.
• Many people use biology in their leisure
  activities, for example, gardening, fishing and
  cooking.
• Biology teaching us to empathise with living
  things and this generates awareness of ourselves
  as biological organisms.

5

• The fields of study in biology can also be
  classified according to their scope as follows
• Structure and Function
  Anatomy, Biochemistry, Cytology, Histology,
  morphology, physiology
• Major groupings of organisms
  Bacteriology, Botany, Entomology,
  ichthyology, microbiology, Mycology, Ornithology,
  Taxonomy, Virology
• Development of organisms
• Embryology, Evolutionary Biology, Genetic,
  Developmental Biology
  
  
• Organisms and their environment
• Ecology, Ethology, Biogeography
  
  
• Applied Biology
• Agriculture, Biotechnology, fisheries, Forestry,
  Medicine, veterinary medicine, density

6
Ways of studying Biology

• The Scientific Method
• The scientific method involves a series of
  ordered steps
• Make an observation
• State the problem
• Form of hypothesis
• Identify the variables
• Design and perform an experiment
• Record and analyse data
• State the conclusion