Introduction to Visualization

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Introduction to Visualization
Day 1
Raphael Grasset
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Topics

• Visualization Terminology
• Rationale for Visualization
• Visualization Pipeline
• Examples of Visualization

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What is Visualization?

• Dictionary (Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary)
• Wikipedia

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What is Visualization?

• NSF (1987)
• Visualization is a method of computing. It
  transforms the symbolic into the geometric,
  enabling researchers to observe their simulation
  and computations. Visualization offers a method
  to see the unseen.

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Visualization Principle

• From Data to Visual Representation

Visualization Convey Information through VISUAL
representation to explore, analyze, discover,
explain sparse/dense, complex, multidimensional
DATA
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Visualization Keywords
Saliency
Data
Perception
Visualization
Structure
Visual
Transformation
Representation
Illustration
Encoding
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Example

• Bar chart, graph, map, 2d image science

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Examples

• Put more examples here big pictures and video
• Weather forecast, medical data
• Info viz online

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• treemaps

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• Social vizu

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Motivation for Visualization

• Find the number of Es in the following text

TYUKSAWHZWESCGHEKVXAISXBLSEJUIDVRTHOXEWPX
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Motivation for Visualization

• Find the number of Es in the following text

EEEE AA II 0 TYUKSWHZWSCGHKVXSXBLJSUDVRTHXWPX
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Motivation for Visualization

• Find the number of Es in the following text

TYUKSAWHZWESCGHEKVXAISXBLSEJUIDVRTHOXEWPX
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Motivation for Visualization

• Find the number of Es in the following text

TYUKSAWHZWESCGHEKVXAISXBLSEJUIDVRTHOXEWPX
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Motivation for Visualization

• Find the number of E

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1
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I
E
A
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Motivation for Visualization

• Human Poor at numerical data analysis
• Transfer from Numerical Analysis to Visual
  Analysis
• Harness Power of Human Visual System

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Function of Visualization

• Support reasoning (process, calculate, reason)
• For analysing, interpreting the data
• Convey information (share, persuade, collaborate,
  emphasize)
• Communicating between individuals and groups
• Present, Disseminate Information, Results
• Archive record
• Visually memorize through photography, drawings,
  etc.

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Rationale To Understand Visualization

• Scientific Process

Information
Observations
Interpretation
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Rationale To Understand Visualization

• Computer and Computer graphics

digital information
digital representation
measurements
Transform (Visualization)
interpretation
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Rationale To Understand Visualization

• More Data, More Information
• More Complex, Large Volume of Data

digital representation
digital information
simulation
digital representation
measurement
digital information
digital representation
measurement
transform
interpretation
digital Information
digital Representation
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Different type of visualization

• Scientific Visualization (SciViz)
• Measured Data
• Simulated Data
• Example weather, CFD
• Information Visualization (InfoViz)
• Abstract Data
• Example population, files on your PC

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http//www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table/peri
odic_table.html
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Other Terminology

• Data visualization
• Scientific Information Visualization
• Visual Data Analysis
• Efficient Visual Representation of Data for
  Visual Analysis
• Visual Analytics
• Reasoning Aspect
• Cognition Aspect

National Visualization and Analytic Center
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Visual Analytics

• Semiology of Graphics Jacques Bertin
• Graphicslanguage
• Basic elements marks,
• retinal variables
• Visual Elements
• ?Best Data type

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Different type of visualization

• Categorization by Fields
• Medical visualization
• Flow visualization
• GIS visualization
• Software Visualization
• Architectural visualization
• Chemistry visualization
• ..etc.

Different Field Different Data AND Different
Techniques
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Is This Visualization?

• Digital Animation conveying
• Visual photorealism- aesthetic
• Purpose? Communicate Emotion?

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A Brief History of Visualization

• 6200 BC
• Konya Town Map

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 105-150
• Invention of Paper Ptolemy World Map

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 1453-1500
• Guttenberg Arnovalley (Da Vinci)

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 1500- 1600
• Projection Techniques, Maps (Mercator, Ortelius,
  etc..)

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 1600-1850
• Printed map, weather map contour techniques,
  pie, bar charts first photographical technique

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 1850-1974
• Motion, color photography, cinematographe,
  stereograme, psychometrics, computer
  visualization, semiology

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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A Brief History of Visualization

• 1974-Present
• More visualization techniques, 3D, interactivity

from http//www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milesto
ne/
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Visualization and Fields

• Multi-disciplinary

Art
Computer Graphics
Digital Imaging
Cognitive
Visualization
Algorithmic
Perception
Parallel Computing
Electronic
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Applications

• Science Chemistry

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Applications

• Science Physics

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Applications

• Science Astronomy

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Applications

• Medical

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Applications

• Engineering (CAD, Fluids Dynamics)

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Applications

• GeoScience, Geography, GIS

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Applications

• Architecture

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Visualization Model

• Visualization pipeline (Data and Process)
• Data Oriented Process

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Visualization Model

• Visualization pipeline

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Visualization Model

• Visualization pipeline human in the loop

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Visualization pipeline
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Visualization Research Field

• Visualization emerged with faster computers and
  better graphics.
• Need for Processing Large Amount of Data
• 1990 First Conference (Eurographics Viz, IEEE
  Viz)
• 1995 First Journal (Transaction on Visualization
  and Computer Graphics)

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Summary

• Visualization Data, Visual Encoding,
  Transformation, User Interaction
• Using Visual Representation
• Applications of Visualization
• In Practice? ?Visualization Software, Tools,
  Libraries
• ?Lab this Afternoon

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