PHYTOSANITARY ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL SEED TRADE

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PHYTOSANITARY ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL SEED
TRADE

• Dr. Ramazan CanhilalGeneral Directorate of
  Protection and ControlThe Ministry of
  Agriculture and Rural Affairs
• CWANA
• International Seed Trade Conference
• 29 November 1 December 2005
• Antalya, Turkey

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The Importance of Healthy Seed in Agricultural
Production

• Healthy seed is the first step in good production
• Maximum yield
• Less plant production products
• Less environmental distraction
• Less harmful effect on human beings
• Good natural balance in ecology

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The Importance of Plant Quarantine

• When proper plant protection measures are
  missing, 40 100 yield loss because of pests
• Lots of pests (Insect, fungus, bacterium,
  nematode, virus, weeds etc.) possible to be
  transmitted from one country to an other
• Plant quarantine is to prevent entry or spread of
  dangerous pests in a country

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The Importance of Plant Quarantine

• Very difficult or usually impossible to eradicate
  once they are settled
• Lots of chemicals, environmental and human health
  concerns due to imported pest

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Plant Quarantine

• You should have very good working quarantine
  system not to have problems mentioned above.
• It should
• not be a barrier for international trade
• be transparent
• not be very much time consuming
• not be discriminative
• have good labs and experts

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Plant Quarantine in Turkey

• Plant quarantine lists
• Not in the country
• Limited areas
• Border inspections by inspectors
• Crops for consumption
• Production materials
• Important way of transmission of pests !!!
• Analysis when necessary in quarantine labs

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Plant Quarantine in Turkey

• International references applied
• IPPC
• FAO
• EPPO
• WTO

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Plant Quarantine in Turkey

• The law No.6968 on Plant Protection and Plant
  Quarantine
• Quarantine directive amended in 2003
• Some modifications under process for EU
  harmonization
• 112 pests reviewed
• 68, out of list
• 39, risk analysis is being conducted
• 5, remained
• These changes will be published soon

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The project to support Turkeys alignment to the
EU acquis in the phytosanitary sector

• Aim is complete harmonization with EU legislation
• Three (Adana, Ankara and Izmir) potato quarantine
  labs in Plant Protection Research Institute were
  supported
• New equipment
• Experts in these labs were trained in the country
  and Netherlands
• 10 extension specialist were trained for
  surveying and monitoring potato pests

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The project to support Turkeys alignment to the
EU acquis in the phytosanitary sector

• New four quarantine labs established Mersin,
  Antalya, Izmir and Istanbul)
• New experts, M.Sc. or Ph.D. five for each lab
• Entomologist
• Nematologist
• Virologist
• Bacteriologist
• Mycologist

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The project to support Turkeys alignment to the
EU acquis in the phytosanitary sector

• Training of experts and inspectors in the country
  and Netherlands
• Vademecum for inspectors to apply same methods
  throughout the country
• Pest Risk Analysis System was set up

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The project to support Turkeys alignment to the
EU acquis in the phytosanitary sector

• A training on lab quality management was given
• A network established
• to connect all quarantine directorates to each
  other on line
• Maybe electronic Phytosanitary Certificate in
  future

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Future Projections

• Ultimate goal Effective and rapid border
  inspection and lab analysis
• Less time
• Good protection from invasive pest
• Facilitate foreign trade

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Future Projections

• Different analysis ratio at the basis of
• country of origin
• crop
• and pest
• According to the history of consignment
  interceptions
• Black (100 ), yellow (40-50 ) and
• white (5-10 ) lists
• The list will be reviewed and renewed
• when necessary

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Future Projections

• The Plant Protection and Quarantine
• Law No.6968 is being revised to align
• with EU Directive 2000/29/EC
• The draft was prepared
• It will be reviewed by EU consultants
• It is expected to finalized in 2006

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THANK YOU