UNIDO SPSRELATED CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT TOOLS

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UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTORGANIZATION
UNIDO SPS-RELATED CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS
ASSESSMENT TOOLS A BRIEF OVERVIEW  STDF SPS
Capacity Evaluation Workshop  
31st March 2008
Gerardo Patacconi Chief Productivity, Quality and
Enterprises Upgrading Unit Trade
Capacity-Building Branch
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UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTORGANIZATION

• Introduction
• Demands and Channels of Communications
• UNIDO Capacity Evaluation and Needs Assessments
  Tools

• Context-Specific Needs Assessment
• Trade Related Challenges Surveys at the
  Enterprise Level
• Key Export Sectors Supply-Side constraints
  UNIDO Competitiveness Analysis Tool
• Analysis of Quality Infrastructure Constraints
• Analysis of developing countries product
  refusals/notifications

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Introduction
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Introduction

• UNIDO uses a holistic approach to make SPS and
  TBT compliance measures effective in developing
  countries.
• The SPS related technical assistance activities
  involve support to
• Agro-business value chains/enterprises
• Governments and trade, business and industrial
  associations,
• Standards and Conformity Assessment
  infrastructure.
• With respect to the standards and conformity
  assessment infrastructure, UNIDO has contributed
  setting up and upgrading it in several developing
  countries in the last 40 years.

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Introduction
To respond to growing demand for greater
coherence and to the Paris Declaration on Aid
Effectiveness, UNIDO is increasingly
cooperating with and associating other bilateral
and multilateral organizations in the needs
assessment and project development and
implementation process such as the WTO, ITC,
UNCTAD, STDF, World Bank etc.
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Introduction

• We have established strategic partnerships with
  international standards, measurement,
  accreditation and research organizations,
  including
• International Organization for Standardization
  (ISO),
• International Laboratory Accreditation
  Cooperation (ILAC),
• International Accreditation Forum (IAF),
• International Bureau of Weights and Measures
  (BIPM) and
• International Organization of Legal Metrology
  (OIML)
• World Associations of Industrial and
  Technological Research Associations WAITRO
• In addition, UNIDO is a founding member of the
  Joint Committee on Coordination of Assistance to
  Developing Countries in Metrology, Accreditation
  and Standardization (JCDCMAS).

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Introduction

• As one of the top providers of TRTA, with
  emphasis on TBT and SPS matters, UNIDO
  implemented national and regional projects
  amounting to about US 181 million over the
  2001-2007 period.
• In order to respond to the Doha Development
  Agenda
• UNIDO has been refining its needs assessment and
  project development, implementation and
  monitoring tools to respond more effectively to a
  growing demand for technical assistance by
  developing countries.

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UNIDO 3Cs approach.

• These tools are based on accumulated expertise
  and knowledge of challenges and opportunities of
  developing countries in the process of
  integration in the MTS with regards to their
• Supply-capacity
• Ability to comply with growing market demands in
  terms of standards and conformity assessment
• Capacity to access national, regional and
  international markets

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UNIDO 3Cs approach.
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UNIDO TCB - Key Focus Areas

• Supply side development (UNIDO)
• Industrial policy and supportive institutional
  structure
• Investment and technology transfer
• SME development and access to finance
• Cluster and export consortia development
• Productivity and quality
• Industrial Upgrading, sectoral technology
  support
• Cleaner Production, energy efficiency
• Standards Conformity Assessment/Compliance
  (UNIDO)
• Development and harmonization of standards
• Development of testing services , PT Schemes
• Certification (products and enterprise systems)
• Metrology/Calibration chain
• Accreditation schemes
• Integration in to the MTS (WTO, UNCTAD, ITC, WB)
• Market access and linkages with buyers/markets
• WTO rules, negotiations
• Trade facilitation (customs, documentation)
• Infrastructure (transport, ports)

Compete
Conform
Connect
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Demand and Channels of Communication
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Demand and Channels of Communication
With regards to the demand for advisory services
and technical assistance, UNIDO projects are
developed through communications received via
different channels, among them

• Government requests for TBT/SPS-related TRTA to
  cover legal framework, institutional and human
  capacity and physical infrastructures
• Requests by business associations such as
  national/sectoral industrial associations,
  chambers of commerce and industry, trade groups,
  clusters or local institutions such as standards
  bodies, certifiers, inspection bodies,
  laboratories
• Identification of new standards or conformity
  assessment procedures which might have a
  significant impact on developing countries
  export or import
• Request for action to overcome problems when
  products are banned to export due non compliance
  or
• Assistance required in the process of bilateral,
  regional or multilateral trade negotiations.

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Demand and Channels of Communication

• Donors are associated with the project
  development process from the initial phase. UNIDO
  allocates seed money either
• to carry out the initial needs assessment
• Or
• to contribute to trouble-shooting actions
  tackling urgent problems and requests.
• The UNIDO methodology for needs assessment
  involves both desk research and field work and it
  is supported by the UNIDO field representation
  system covering over 70 countries through UNIDO
  national/regional offices/desks and technical
  networks which include
• National Cleaner Production Centres,
• Technology Centres,
• Investment and Partnership Promotion Offices and
  Units
• Sub-Contracting Exchanges.

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EXAMPLES
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EXAMPLE EGYPT Traceability of agro-industrial
products for the European Market

• Project funded utilising a Debt-for-Development
  Swap agreement (2001) between Italy and Egypt (
  6.4 million) and linked to an Italian Initiative
  for trade facilitation called the green
  corridor
• Egyptian producers assisted and traceability
  manual/scheme implemented through over 100
  pack-houses and linkages with Italian/European
  Importers established
• National Database on traceability/pesticides
• post-harvest Investment needs assessed
• T. A. component implemented by UNIDO (US2.6
  million)
• Financial Assistance Facility (US4.6 million)
  used for co-financing the acquisition of know-how
  and technology for implementing the Traceability
  System compatible with EU Directive.

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Scope
National pesticide database for Egypt
EXAMPLE EGYPT Traceability of agro-industrial
products for the European Market

• Accessible for everyone
• Easy to use
• Providing up do date information on the approved
  pesticides use
• Decreasing the misuse of unapproved products
• Increasing transparency
• Saving time and risk for food exporting
  companies
• Serving as a guide for CPP selection by farmers
• Improving compliance with GlobalGAP

16/09/2006 Inas Nureldin
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EXAMPLE EPAs - Economic Partnership Agreements
QUALITY AND UPGRADING PROGRAMMES
PRIORITIES FOOD INDUSTRY
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EXAMPLE INTEGRATED INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
SUPPORT PROGRAMME FOR SRI LANKA
Budget US 3.1 million Donor Norway
International buyers are now accepting the Sri
Lanka laboratory certificate (testing cost
reductions between 31 and 79 depending on the
test)
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EXAMPLE UNIDO/EU - UEMOA Programme
Budget 14.0 million Donor EU

• Productive Capacities and Quality Promotion
• Food safety, productivity and quality promotion
• 68 pilot enterprises prepared for ISO 9001
• National and regional Quality awards
• Training of journalists in consumerism and
  product quality
• Standards and Conformity Assessment
• Harmonization of standards for export products
• Harmonization of testing procedures, reg.
  database on labs
• Upgrading of 50 laboratories, 24 for
  international accreditation
• Regional accreditation scheme
• Training of 16 Lab. auditors
• Training of 40 ISO 9001 auditors
• UEMOA Phase 2 ( 6.0 million)
• UEMOA Upgrading ( 11.0 million)

Microbiology Laboratory in Côte dIvoire recently
received COFRAC ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation for
food testing (Sept. 2007) EXPORT BAN LIFTED
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EXAMPLE Enhancing the Capacities of the
Tanzanian Quality Infrastructure and TBT/SPS
Compliance Systems for Trade
Budget US 2.0 million Donor Switzerland
(SECO)
focus on coffee and cashew nuts quality chains
Education tool on food safety for
secondary-school students
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EXAMPLE Pakistan TRTA PROGRAMME
Budget 5.0 million Donor EU

• Barrier to Trade Survey
• Study on SPS Compliance for Exports
• Standards (PSQCA)
• Standards development
• Certification Body (Systems)
• Consumer affairs
• Product certification
• Metrology (NPSL)
• Lab upgrading, international accreditation
• Product Testing (MFD, PCSIR, etc) Fisheries,
  Food, Leather, Textile
• Lab upgrading, PT participation
• International accreditation
• Accreditation (PNAC)
• Organizational strengthening, international
  recognition
• National accreditation scheme
• Training of auditors
• Setting-up of PT schemes
• Quality/Hygiene (Private sector, FPCCI, etc.)
  Fish/food
• Management systems

Boat hygiene Icing Landing Sites Inspection Auctio
n Hall Processors Traceability
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EXAMPLE Pakistan TRTA PROGRAMME
World Bank - UNIDO Report on Pakistan's
agro-based exports and Sanitary and Phytosanitary
compliance
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EXAMPLE Trade Capacity Building for Ghana
Budget US 2.7 million Donor Switzerland
(SECO)

• - Support to the Ghana Bureau of Standards (GSB)
• - restructuring into modern service-oriented
  structure
• - standard-setting
• - promotion/training of new standards
• - establishment of a national traceability scheme
  
• and for the institutionalization of consumer
  protection
• - Establishment of a national traceability system
  for horticultural products
• Develop systems certification capability of GSB
• Upgrading testing and calibration laboratories
• Upgrading the Plant Protection and Regulatory
  Services Directorate
• (PPRSD) as an EU Competent Authority in the
  field of horticulture

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EXAMPLE Mozambique Support for Enhancement of
Capacity for Food Safety and and Quality
Assurance System for Trade
Budget US 2.2 million Donor Switzerland

• Food Safety
• Establish a food safety system that is compliant
  with international requirements with special
  focus on the public institutions
• Quality Infrastructure
• Develop and implement the required technical
  infrastructure (standard setting, laboratories
  infrastructure/product certification,
  accreditation of laboratories, metrology/calibrati
  on of testing laboratory equipment) suitable for
  product compliance with market entry requirements
  for
• Cashew nuts
• Honey
• Edible oil seeds
• Fruits and vegetables
• Fish products

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EXAMPLE MEKONG (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Vietnam)
Budget US 2.5 million Donor Norway

• Cambodia
• Formulation and publication of Cambodian
  national standards, for domestic and export
  products
• Development of ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and HACCP
  certification services, reinforcing the Dept. of
  Industrial Standards of Cambodia (ISC)
• Accredited Product Certification scheme
  established at the Dept. of Industrial Standards
  of Cambodia (ISC)
• TBT enquiry point, standards library and
  documentation centre with facilities for
  acquisition and dissemination of
• information established at the Dept. of
  Industrial Standards of Cambodia (ISC)
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• Lao PDR
• Formulation and publication of Lao national
  standards, for domestic and export products
• Development of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
  certification services, reinforcing the Division
  of Standards and Quality
• Development of HACCP certification services,
  reinforcing the Dept. of Food and Drugs (DFD),
  Ministry of Health
• TBT enquiry point, standards library and
  documentation centre with facilities for
  acquisition and dissemination of
• information established and staff trained at
  the Division of Standards Quality (DSQ)
•  
• Vietnam
• Product certification scheme for CE marking and
  other IEEE requirements
• Compliance capacity for EU traceability,
  EUREPGAP, GVP and GTP
• Upgraded Vietnam Metrology Center
• National proficiency scheme launched and BOA
  staff trained in specialised areas

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• Organizational and regulatory framework for fish
  industry improved, service capacity for fish
  inspection strengthened
• Testing laboratories locally available and
  internationally recognized
• In-plant group training carried out in 17
  factories for 950 staff and critical mass of
  expertise provided to processing plants in GHP,
  HACCP, ISO 9000
• Quality control upgraded at all levels
• EU ban (1999( lifted by the end of 2000 and new
  market in US opened

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 1. Context specific needs assessment
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 1. Context specific needs assessment
Based on the request for the formulation of a
project, UNIDO undertakes context-specific desk
research as well as a preparatory/needs
assessment missions to clearly identify the
challenges at the level of

• government policy and regulatory framework
  (TBT/SPS, bilateral)
• institutional capacity specifically in the
  quality-related institutions dealing with
  Standards, Metrology, Testing and Quality (SMTQ)
  
• sector(s)/value chains and
• d) enterprises.
• The desk research involves the review of
  available diagnostic studies
• UNIDO competitiveness/technology studies
  (global/regional/country/macro/sectoral/value-chai
  n/product)
• DTIS (Diagnostic Trade Integration Study)
• PRSPs (Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers)
• Export Development Strategies, as well as any
  specific needs evaluations and technical
  assessment done previously by UNIDO or other
  institutions.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 1. Context specific needs assessment

• The preparatory assistance often involves
  assessment of
• Relevant legal and institutional framework
• SMTQ institutions in the country
• Collection of baseline data on the quality of
  targeted products,
• Quality and quantity of services provided by the
  relevant testing laboratories and other service
  providers (sustainability),
• Value-chain analysis of the sectors identified as
  strategic or requiring support
• Diagnostic of group of enterprises and service
  providers
• Needs of conformity to standards (ISO 22000,
  GlobalGAP... and Buyers demand

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS2-2. 2. Trade Related Challenges Surveys at
the enterprise level
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS2-2. Trade Related Challenges Surveys at the
enterprise level

• UNIDO has developed a methodology for
  enterprise-level surveys on Trade Related
  Challenges Faced by Exporters aimed to
• Qualify and quantify the problems exporters in
  developing countries are facing in the regional
  and international trade environment, by
• Identifying common trade barriers related to
• Supply side,
• Standards and conformity assessment
• Integration into the multi-lateral trading system
  
• 2. And reviewing the possibilities of overcoming
  these obstacles through Trade Related Technical
  Assistance and Capacity Building (TRTA/CB)1
• 1 For example please refer to
  http//www.unido.org.lb/macle/downloads/macle_pres
  entation.pdf or http//www.un.org.pk/unido/trta-in
  terventions.html.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS2-2. Trade Related Challenges Surveys at the
enterprise level

• the survey aims to
• Explore the nature and extent of challenges to
  the trade capacity of exporters in the respective
  country.
• Determine the factors associated with standards
  compliance across sub-sectors.
• Assess the impact of technical standards and
  regulations on the value of export sales.
• Identify mechanisms through which export
  performance could be enhanced.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS2-2. Trade Related Challenges Surveys at the
enterprise level
Based on the methodology developed, pilot surveys
were carried out in various countries (including
Armenia, Bahrain, Cambodia, Jordan, Guinea,
Ghana, Kenya, Lao PDR, Lebanon, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka, Vietnam, and also initiated in Bangladesh,
Bhutan, India, Libya, Maldives, and Nepal) from
different geographical areas, on different levels
of economic development and having different
economic structures.
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EXAMPLE UNIDO BT SURVEY of 100 food exporters
2004 (new 2007)

• TOP 4 PROBLEMS
• Price Competition (internal and external)
• tests certificates (recognition of local labs)
• Trade facilitation (affecting import/export)
• Tariffs

LOST ORDERS 42 of respondents (food processors)
lost orders in the last few years due to barriers
to trade
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EXAMPLE UNIDO BT SURVEY of 100 food exporters
2004 (new 2007)
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS3. Key Export Sectors Supply-Side
constraints UNIDO Competitiveness Analysis Tool
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLSKey Export Sectors Supply-Side constraints
UNIDO Competitiveness Analysis Tool

• Since 2004, UNIDO has been building up a
  competitiveness analysis programme to help
  countries identify
• Sectors and products with competitive potential
• Supply-driven obstacles affecting their export
  growth.

• UNIDOs approach in the competitiveness analysis
  programme is to build the institutional capacity
  of national counterparts through
• Awareness raising,
• Training,
• Transfer of databases and methodologies,
• Creation and supervision of specialised
  inter-institutional units in key Ministries and
  Chambers.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLSKey Export Sectors Supply-Side constraints
UNIDO Competitiveness Analysis Tool

• Nation-wide assessment of trade and industry
  competitiveness. It positions the country in the
  international industrial scene and analyses the
  factors that drive national manufacturing growth
  
• Value chain analysis of key strategic sectors. It
  identifies high value-added stages in the
  production process and the conditions under which
  a country can benefit from specialisation. It
  also analyses the potential markets for export
• Product analysis methodology for trade
  negotiations. It gives negotiators an objective
  tool to identify potential winning and vulnerable
  products in trade agreements
• Cost and transactions of doing business. It
  presents the framework conditions that influence
  investment decisions in key strategic sectors
  (e.g. labour and other industrial costs,
  infrastructure and logistics, laws and
  regulations, institutional arrangements,
  incentives in industrial zones, trade agreements,
  etc.)
• Industrial Observatory. It gives on-line access
  to all indicators of trade and industry
  competitiveness (both national and sectoral) to
  benchmark a countrys performance against main
  competitors, role models and global threats.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLSKey Export Sectors Supply-Side constraints
UNIDO Competitiveness Analysis Tool
UTEPI Ecuador has produced Industrial
Competitiveness Reports in 2004 and 2006 Cost
and transactions of doing business in 2004 and
2005 (2008 updated on-line) and value-chain
studies in Pineapple, Lime-Lemon, Cocoa1 (i.e.
http//www.unido.org/file-storage/download?file_id
72404) , Orange, and Palm oil UTEPI Paraguay
has published the Industrial Competitiveness
Report 2007, and is about to launch the cost and
transaction of doing business in Paraguay 2008.
Value chain studies have been completed in
Leather and Soya. UNIDO has developed an
exchange programme to strengthen
inter-institutional cooperation and information
sharing among assisted countries. 1 See for
example http//www.unido.org/filestorage/downloa
d?file_id72404.
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints

• Specific DCs Conformity Assessment Problems
• Poor physical facilities/infrastructure
• Inefficient institutional set up (Standards and
  conformity assessment functions, if existent, are
  scattered among too many institutions)
• Labs established (even with donor support) are
  neither sustainable, nor related to demand
• Donation of equipment with poor planning,
  training, and lacking adequate local physical
  infrastructure/staff, absorption capacity

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints

• Specific DCs Conformity Assessment Problems
• Lack of funding
• Lack of demand
• Low-level of manufacturing due to focus on
  commodities
• Exposed to barriers to trade especially SPS
  measures
• Poor and uneven quality of local products
• National quality infrastructure lacks
  credibility, and tests and certificates by local
  laboratories are not recognized in export
  countries.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints
Why a CA Infrastructure is Necessary for DCs

• To reduce the risk that domestic markets become a
  dumping ground for sub-standard and unsafe
  products.
• To ensure protection of the environment and
  achieve higher social responsibility.
• To improve consumer safety related activities
  (availability of testing facilities, particularly
  microbiological and chemical testing laboratories
  and legal metrology).
• To facilitate trade, access to export markets,
  and generate hard currency.
• To increase custom revenue generation.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints
Why a CA Infrastructure is Necessary for DCs

• To overcome risk of rejection of products in
  export markets due to lack of conformity (TBS and
  SPS).
• To prevent unscrupulous traders from taking
  advantage of a poor QC infrastructure, an
  enforced legal system for inspection and custom
  control is necessary.
• To allow integration of producers/traders in the
  global economy
• To help the private sector to solve quality,
  compliance and certification problems hampering
  its aspiration to gain access to export markets
  and avoid multiple testing.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints

• In its efforts to contribute to make the Aid for
  Trade initiative a success for Africa, UNIDO
  elaborated a questionnaire to identify the gaps
  and assess the specific needs of African
  countries in the field of quality
  infrastructure1
• Quality promotion,
• Metrology,
• Accreditation,
• Standardisation
• Conformity assessment
• To allow better elaboration of trade capacity
  building projects at the national and
  sub-regional levels.
• 1 See for example http//www.unido.org/file-sto
  rage/download?file_id81710. 

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints

• The UNIDO survey of the existing situation of
  quality infrastructures was the basis for the
  elaboration of an Action Plan for Africa to
• Address the weaknesses of the infrastructure
• Build trade capacity in African countries
• Improve the prospects of economic development on
  the continent.
• The findings of this survey and the proposed
  UNIDO action plan were presented and discussed
  during the Standards Compliance and Conformity
  Assessment for the Development of Sustainable
  Trade in Africa Expert Group Meeting organized
  jointly with the African Union (AU) and held in
  Tunis in February 2007.

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints

• Building up on the initial survey, which covered
  32 African Countries,
• UNIDO is currently updating the already received
  data while expanding at the same time the scope
  as well as the geographic coverage - Besides
  Africa, the current survey includes Asia, the
  Pacific Island States as well as the Arab region.
•  In particular the survey aims to
• Assess the priority needs for quality
  infrastructure upgrading
•  Advocate more effective technical assistance
•  Develop tailored projects for countries and
  sub-regions

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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 4- Analysis of Quality Infrastructure
Constraints
LABNET provides access and dissemination of
laboratory and activity information to its users.
LABNET is under the umbrella of the UNIDO, and
its primary function would be to provide
information to the laboratories and the persons
associated with the laboratories. The LABNET is
covering the testing and calibration laboratories
from all fields of science and have a wide
database to cover all laboratories both
accredited and non-accredited from all regions of
the globe.
LABNET Vision
Provide access and dissemination of laboratory
and activity information
Share experience with respect to laboratory
design, management, development, maintenance,
capabilities
Interaction and response in various issues
related to PT, CRM, traceability, trade related
issues
Avenue for promotion / sourcing of laboratory and
related services
Facilitate information to industry / trade on
testing / calibration and product specific
information
  
PARTNERS UNIDO, WAITRO, Vinta Labs, India
  
  
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 5- Analysis of developing countries
product refusals/notifications
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 5- Analysis of developing countries
product refusals/notifications
Starting from the analysis of product
refusals/notifications for developing countries
originated by 1-The United States Food and
Drug Administration (US-FDA), 2-European Union
Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (EU-RASFF)
and 3-Japan (Ministry of Health, Labour and
Welfare) UNIDO worked out an enhanced
classification of Non-Tariff Measures
(NTMs)/Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) to trade.  
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 5- Analysis of developing countries
product refusals/notifications
The classification was developed in the context
of the Multi-Agency Support Team established by
the Group of Eminent Persons on Non-Tariff
Barriers (MAST) through the SPS/TBT Sub-Groups
with the participation of several international
organizations (Codex Alimentarius, FAO, ITC,
OECD, UNCTAD, WTO, US-ERS, and US-ITC) led by
OECD and UNIDO. UNCTAD, UNIDO and ITC in
cooperation with other MAST members (IMF, FAO,
OECD, WTO, WB) launched in 2007 a Pilot Project
on Collection and Quantification of Non-Tariff
Measures (NTMs) Database (UNCTAD-DITC Draft, 18
July 2007).
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UNIDO CAPACITY EVALUATION AND NEEDS ASSESMENT
TOOLS 5- Analysis of developing countries
product refusals/notifications
Aimed at developing a systematic methodology of
definition and collection of Non-Tariff Measures
(NTMs) the project covers nine pilot countries
(Brazil, Chile, India, Kenya, Mozambique,
Philippines, Switzerland, Thailand and Zambia).
The objective is to initiate a country level
data collection on NTMs that will help MAST to
draw up an analytical framework to carry out a
multi-agency effort in data collection process
and prepare studies on the impact assessment of
NTMs.
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CHALLENGES IN ACCESSING MARKETS - Food Safety
Requirements FDA IMPORT REFUSALS for the African
Countries by Sub-region UNIDO ANALYSIS of
Import Refusals, SourceUS Food and Drug
Administration
Fishery/Seafood 717 refusals
January 2005 December 2006
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Aid for Trade UNIDOs Main Contribution Bring
ing back missing elements

• Supply Capacity Development
• Agro-industry development - Capacity upgrading,
  productivity development
• (Process technology, cleaner production,
  quality management)
• Development of advisory capacity for enterprises
  to meet requirements
• Cluster development Export consortia support
• Business partnerships for investment,
  sub-contracting, trade
• Conformity Infrastructure
• Establish access to and harmonization of
  standards technical regulations
• Establishment of legal regulatory frameworks
• Upgrading of laboratories for conformity
  assessment, product certification
• Training of auditors for ISO 9001, ISO 14001,
  ISO22000, ISO/IEC 17025.
• Pilot activities at enterprise level for
  on-the-job training of institutional service
  providers

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CONCLUSIONS

• CHALLENGES
• Developing industrial/productive capacities
• Access to Investment Technology
• Upgrading to become competitive
• Linking to Value Chains SME Cluster and Export
  Consortia
• Meeting Quality/Safety requirements within
  TBT/SPS regime
• AID FOR TRADE
• Re-iterates support for Supply Capacity
  Conformity
• Ensuring inter/agency cooperation
• Involving Private sector as an Actor

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Thank You for your attention!
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