Farmers Helping Farmers Global Warming and Carbon Credits

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Farmers Helping FarmersGlobal WarmingandCarbon
Credits
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Global WarmingandGreenhouse Gases

• no longer controversial
• human activity is causing global warming
• the problem is now very serious

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Global Warming and Africa

• Africa is highly vulnerable to the various
  manifestations of climate change (IPCC 2001)
• ? rain in general
• ? desertification
• ? agricultural production
• ? floods on coastal areas
• ? disease problems

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Wood Consumption in Africa

• wood burning accounts for 40 of primary energy
  consumption in Africa
• primarily for cooking
• family of 4
• burns about 2.5 T of wood
• generates almost 5 T of CO2
• consumption gt growth deforestation

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Global Warming and Canada

• How does Canada measure up as a greenhouse gas
  emitter?

Tonnes of CO2 per capita
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Global Warming and Canada

• 56 countries produce 90 of all greenhouse gases
• Ranking by Climate Action Network Europe (2007)

• Best 5
• Sweden
• Germany
• Iceland
• Mexico
• India

• Worst 5
• Saudi Arabia
• US
• Australia
• Canada
• Luxembourg

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Global Warming and Canada

• Where do Canada's greenhouse gases come from ?

personal expenditures 37
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What Can An Individual Do ?

• home energy consumption
• driving
• air travel

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Home Energy Consumption

• heating oil
• 2,000 L ? 5.4 T
• electricity
• 10,000 Kwh) ? 7.2 T

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Driving

• average driving of 20,000 km / yr

Toyota Prius? 2 T
Lincoln Navigator ? 7.2 T
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Air Travel

• round trip (economy class) to

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The Solution ???

• reduce
• do whatever you can to reduce your emissions
• offset
• for emissions you can't avoid ....
• invest in projects which reduce emissions from
  other sources
• carbon credits

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Farmers Helping FarmersCarbon Credit Program

• funds from carbon credits that you purchase ...
• are invested in technologies in Kenya that ...
• reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• significantly improve the lives of Kenyan farm
  families

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Wakulima Dairy

• our partner in Kenya
• FHF has worked with them for 10 years
• 7000 small scale dairy farmers

photo of dairy
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Technologies

• two technologies that
• reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• provide significant benefits to Kenyan farm
  families
• biogas generators
• fuel efficient cookers

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Biogas Generators

• compost cow manure
• generate methane gas used for cooking
• cost about 500

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Biogas Generators
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Biogas Generators

• replace open fire cooking
• with a methane burner

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Biogas Generators - Advantages

• reduced CO2 emissions
• less smoke in house
• reduced respiratory disease
• women and children
• less time gathering wood
• better fertilizer

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Fuel Efficient Cookers

• primarily institutional use
• 20 L pot
• very efficient
• reduced wood consumption
• chimney to eliminate smoke

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Carbon Credit Program (1)

• go to FHF web site
• www.farmershelpingfarmers.ca
• click on the Carbon Credit Program link
• compute the carbon emissions that you want to
  offset
• purchase credits
• all funds sent to Wakulima Dairy

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Carbon Credit Program (2)

• Wakulima Dairy sells biogas generator
• 2/3 of cost from carbon credit program
• 1/3 from family
• deducted from milk payments over several years
• funds from sales reinvested in program
• you get
• a statement of purchase
• a tax receipt
• a photo of installation (purchases over 100)

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Carbon Credit Program (3)

• fuel efficient cookers
• paid fully by carbon credit sales
• institutional installations

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Carbon Credit Program (4)

• advantages of FHF carbon credit program
• cost effective
• most carbon credit programs cost about 20 per T
• FHF program 15 per T
• tax deductible (FHF is a registered charity)
• significant other benefits for Kenyan families

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Initial Response to Biogas Generators

• survey of 10 installations in Wakulima area
• saved collection of 4 bundles of wood per week
• saved 1 ½ days per week
• most common reasons for wanting a biogas
  generator
• time consuming and difficult to get firewood
• reduce the cost of cooking
• reduce time spent cooking
• Interviews were very positive

bundle as much as 1 person can carry
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Farmers Helping FarmersandCarbon Credits

• win win win
• Kenyan farm families
• the environment
• you