Todays WarmUp Spotlight on Bryophytes

1
Todays Warm-UpSpotlight on Bryophytes

• There are a variety of mosses
• They are non-vascular
• No xylem and phloem tubes
• They drink their water
• and minerals from the air.
• They have no lignin
• Carb in cell walls that makes
• them stand up.

2
Warm-Up Spotlight on Ferns

• People who study ferns are called pteridologists.
• Ferns are seedless vascular plants.
• A sporophyte produces haploid spores.
• that are dispersed by wind.
• Ferns are the simplest plants after the mosses.
• The Fiddlehead Festival is held in Randolph
  Vermont each year.

3
Warm-UpSpotlight on Sponges

• Simplest animals
• No true tissues
• Live in marine and freshwater
• Contain pores (ostia) and canals, through which
  water passes.
• Water movement is driven by the beating of
  flagella, which are located on specialized cells
  called choanocytes (collar cells)

4
(No Transcript)
5
Warm-upSpotlight on Cnidarians

• jellyfish, hydra, sea anemones, and corals.
• two basic body forms medusa and polyp
• nematocysts (stinging cells) line the tentacles
  and are used for catching prey and deterring
  predators.

6
Worms

• 3 Types
• Flatworms, Roundworms, Annelids
• Flatworm- flat, no segments, first brain?!
• Platyhelminthes
• Roundworm- round, segmented
• Hook worm, often parasitic
• Annelid- round, segmented, complete digestive
  tract
• Earthworms, leeches

7
Worms are GOOD!

• Help decompose plant matter.
• Castings are rich in nitrogen and other
  fertilizers.

8
Mollusks

• Bilateral animals with a complete digestive
  tract.
• Oysters, snails, squids, octopus (cephalopods
  with well-developed nervous systems)
• 3 common features
• Radula file-like feeding organ that scrapes
  food.
• Mantle area of tissue covering internal organs
  (hard-shell in most)
• Ctenidia flat gills found in the mantle.

9
Arthropods

• segmented body, tough exoskeleton, jointed
  appendages, open circulatory system
• Exoskeleton Made of chitin
• Appendages Legs antennae
• Shed their skin molting
• Spiders, Scorpions, Insects, Crustaceans

10
Spotlight Echinoderms

• Means spiny skin
• Sea stars, sea urchins, brittle stars
• Radial symmetry
• Tube feet for movement
• Cause water pressure suction
• Sea stars can regenerate and turn
• their stomachs inside out to digest prey with
  enzymes.

11
Amphibians

• Simplest animals with 4 limbs.
• Live in water and on land amphibios
• Moist, slimy skin for diffusion.
• Lay eggs in water.
• Salamanders, frogs, caecilians.

12
Reptiles

• Tough, scaly skin.
• Breathe with lungs.
• Live on land, lay eggs on land.
• Leathery eggs.
• Ectotherms- can regulate their body temp.
• Amniotes- vertebrates that have a thin, tough
  membranous sac that encloses the embryo or fetus.

13
Chordates

• Have a hollow nerve cord but
• Do not necessarily have a backbone
• Include sea squirts, lancelets, and all
  vertebrates (see back of green animal chart).