Concordia

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Symposium on Performance of the Air Navigation
System 2007Industry Perspective
-ImplementationMarch 29, 2007
Dave Nakamura ICCAIA/Boeing Member to ICAO OCP
and RNP SORSG
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• Implementation Challenges
• Measures of Success
• Leveraging Capability
• Global Interoperability
• Value/Benefits to Users, ATC/Airports
• Simpler Qualification and Approvals
• Conclusions

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Implementation Challenges
Effectively integrating aircraft and advanced air
traffic management into Performance-based flight
operations
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Implementation Challenges
Delivering solutions now with an evolution path
for advanced technology, capacity, efficiency and
safety
Delay in System
Advanced, Underutilized Capabilities
Traffic Growth
Safety Needed
Lots of Technology
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Implementation Challenges
Timely flow to implementation
1992
Operational Concept Trajectory based operations
with RNAV, RNP, VNAV for access, capacity,
efficiency safety
Operational Requirements Reduced separation
spacing, improved access, optimize airspace
design usage, operational flexibility, etc
Standards Guidance SARPS, PANS-Ops, PANS-ATM,
DO-236, D0-283, EURO Nav Standard, AWO Manual,
RNP Roadmap, etc
15 YEARS !
Aircraft Infrastructure ATS Flt Plan
Designators, Navaids,etc A/C Equipage,
capability
Application Development Procedures, Specials,
Trials, Ops Spec criteria, charts, ATS
procedures, etc
Regulatory Criteria Policy US ACs, FAR,
Notices, HBATs, Manuals, TERPS, etc. EU ACJs,
JAR, Procedure Manual, AIC, TGL, etc
2007
Operational Implementation Ops Approvals, ATM
Manuals, AIM, Charts, Op Manual Specs, AFM, etc
Need quicker, better, faster!
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Measures of Success

• Leveraging capability
• Global interoperability
• Value and Benefits to Users, ATC/Airports leading
  to investment in upgrades and more advances in
  aircraft capabilities
• Simpler operation qualification and approvals
  e.g. like GPS RNAV today

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Leveraging Capability
RNP Certified Airplanes are available
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
RTCA SC-181 Started
Initial Alaska RNP Ops
Westjet RNP Ops Authorized
AC90-101 Dec 05
RTCA SC-181 NDB Standards DO-200A
RTCA SC-181 MASPS DO-236
SC-181 Data Standards DO-201A
AC120-29A Aug 02
US AR Authorized (Estimate)
4 US AR Procedures
33 US AR Procedures
25 US AR Procedures Planned
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Leveraging Capability
RNP Certified Airplanes are available
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Leveraging Capability
Aircraft/Operator Authorizations are slow coming
RNP Aircraft
lt700 Approved for RNP AR Operations, 7 Operators,
0 for RNP APP
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Leveraging Capability
lt 700 approved for RNP AR operations, so far
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Leveraging Capability
Few RNP procedures. So far, fewer actually being
used
4, 000
RNP Procedures
300 RNP Specials, 60 RNP AR, No RNP APP yet
30, 000
20, 000
17, 330
RNP Aircraft
10, 000
lt700 Approved for RNP AR Operations, 7 Operators
0
2005
2025
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Global Interoperability

• ICAO RNP Special Operational Requirements Study
  Group coordination in the development of ICAO
  manual for Performance Based Navigation.
• Clarification of concepts, and guidance for
  implementation
• Draft Manual expected 2nd or 3rd quarter 2007.
• Regulatory Guidance and Approvals
• Differences exist today. PBN Manual must lead to
  convergence across RNAV, RNP and enabling
  technologies
• Aircraft/Operator Approvals
• Today, different regulators have differing
  demands on airworthiness manufacturer, and
  operator approval
• Differences confusing to operators and
  manufacturers

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Value/Benefits to Users, ATC/Airports

• RNAV Departures/Arrivals
• Existing FMS and RNAV capabilities are resulting
  in operational improvements savings i.e.
  time/fuel, ATC workload, etc
• RNP AR and APP
• Initial AR sites are seeing improved access (PSP,
  PDX, ZQN) as well as time/fuel savings. Air
  Transport operators seeking to leverage certified
  RNP capabilities of their fleets. Other aircraft
  and rotorcraft are waiting in line. Many are in
  a learning state.
• Widespread adoption of RNP for approach requires
  a broader and easier solution e.g. criteria to
  convert RNAV(GNSS) to RNP
• Navigation Infrastructure Evolution
• A consistent, safe, cost effective transition is
  necessary
• Benefits must be wide-spread and identifiable

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Simpler Qualification and Approvals

• Aircraft Operational Qualification So far AR
  only
• Achieved for 737, A320, Q400, but significant
  levels of post-certification airworthiness
  analysis and data required. 757/767, 777, A330,
  etc in progress. Challenges include approvals
  consistent with their certification, and
  reexamination of aircraft.
• Potential complications from current criteria
  that appears to preclude use of electronic map
  for lateral deviation, implication of required
  deviation display and format, implication of
  overlapping system safety assumptions.
• Military, regional jets, rotorcraft, etc aircraft
  to consider
• Operator Approvals So far AR only
• Applicant process and packages are extensive, and
  subject to delays associated with a new review
  process. ANY CHANGE to software invalidates
  existing approval. Improvements needed.

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Conclusions

• Performance Based Navigation is a journey
• Current RNP SAAAR operations and criteria are not
  at the level expected. It should be easier.
• Issues being raised require attention and
  evolution in processes, guidance material and a
  single set of regulatory criteria to effectively
  integrate new technology, RNP SAAAR, RNP, RNAV,
  and global operations. Early preparation and
  planning advised.
• The communication and approval processes need
  improvement. Need a breakthrough in
  implementation.
• Everybody needs to be involved. Resources are
  needed as we progress basic RNP, RNP APP,
  benefits, etc

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Thank You to

• Frank Alexander Northwest Airlines
• Kimberly Bell Universal Avionics
• Mike Cramer Mitre
• Didier Delibes Airbus
• Sarah Dalton Alaska Airlines
• Steve Fulton Naverus
• Dave Hathaway Westjet Airlines
• Ken Speir Delta Airlines

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Thank You
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