Mycotoxins

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Mycotoxins
Phreusa T. 4328701
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What are Mycotoxins??

• Mycotoxin is a toxin produced by a fungus under
  special conditions of moisture and temperature.

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What are Mycotoxins??

• 5,000 years ago in China.
• Early 1861, was reported in Russia
• 1891, there was a report of mouldy rice in Japan
  
• 1960, is the time of the discovery of aflatoxin.

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Common Members of the Mycotoxin Family

• Aflatoxins
• Trichothecenes
• Zearalenone
• Fumonisin
• Ochratoxins
• Slaframine

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Food containing Mycotoxins
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What is Aflatoxin??

• Aflatoxin is the name for a group of toxins
  (poisonous chemical compounds) that are produced
  by two fungi called Aspergillus flavus and
  Aspergillus parasiticus.

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Aflatoxins

• Four primary aflatoxins, named B1, B2, G1 and G2
  plus two additional metabolic products, M1 and
  M2. The case with aflatoxin toxicity and
  carcinogenicity has been established for
  aflatoxin - induced mutagenic activity and DNA
  damage.

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Foods

• Corn
• Barley
• Cottonseed
• Peanuts
• Sorghum
• Wheat
• Silage

• Tree nuts
• Milk
• Apples
• Oats
• Beans
• Weathered grain
• Potatoes

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Symptom

• Edema of legs and feet
• Abdominal pain
• Vomit
• Acute hepatitis
• Convulsion

• Cirrhosis
• Carcinoma of liver
• Fever
• Jaundice
• Acute necrosis
• Malaise

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Aflatoxicosis

• Aflatoxicosis is primarily a hepatic disease.

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Aflatoxin B1 and Tumor Induction
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Aflatoxin B1 and Tumor Induction