ANXIETY DISORDERS

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ANXIETY DISORDERS
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ANXIETY

• DISORDERS IN WHICH ANXIETY IS A CHARACTERISTIC
  FEATURE OR THE AVOIDANCE OF ANXIETY SEEMS TO
  MOTIVATE ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR
• PERSISTENT FEELINGS OF THREAT AND ANXIETY IN
  FACING EVERYDAY PROBLEMS OF LIVING, OR CHANGE IN
  VARIOUS BEHAVIOR PATTERNS FOUND TROUBLESOME.

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ANXIETY

• NORMALLY WE KNOW WHAT OUR FEARS ARE AND ARE
  CAUSED BY SOMETHING APPROPRIATE AND IDENTIFIABLE.
  (PASSES WITH TIME)
• ANXIETY DISORDER--PERSON DOES NOT KNOW WHY HE OR
  SHE IS AFRAID OR BEHAVIOR(ANXIETY) IS
  INAPPROPRIATE TO THE CIRCUMSTANCES. (DOESN'T MAKE
  SENSE)
• DSM-III-R CHANGED THE TITLE NEUROSIS OR
  NEUROTIC BEHAVIOR TO FEAR TO PANIC ATTACKS.

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ANXIETY

• PANIC ATTACK---
• SUDDEN, UNPREDICTABLE ATTACKS OF INTENSE FEAR OR
  TERROR (PANIC DISORDER)
• WHAT APPEARS BEHAVIORALLY?
• 1. FEELINGS OF IMPENDING DOOM
• 2. CHEST PAIN
• 3. DIZZINESS OR FAINTING
• 4. SWEATING
• 5. DIFFICULTY BREATHING
• 6. FEAR OF LOSING CONTROL OR DYING
• RECUR FOR NO APPARENT REASON

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ANXIETY

• POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
• RELATED TO SOME ORIGINAL STRESSFUL EVENT. FIRES,
  FLOODS, TORNADOES, BOMBINGS, HORRORS OF COMBAT
  ARE FEW EXAMPLES.
• EPISODES OF FEAR AND TERROR CAN REAPPEAR YEARS
  AFTER THE INITIAL EVENT HAPPENED.
• PERSON CAN RELIVE ENTIRE EVENT

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ANXIETY

• GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
• AN ANXIETY DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY PROLONGED
  VAGUE BUT INTENSE FEARS THAT ARE NOT ATTACHED TO
  ANY PARTICULAR OBJECT OR CIRCUMSTANCE
• OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
• DISORDER IN WHICH A PERSON FEELS DRIVEN TO THINK
  DISTURBING THOUGHTS AND/OR TO PERFORM SENSELESS
  RITUALS

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ANXIETY

• OBSESSION
• INVOLUNTARY THOUGHTS OR IDEAS THAT KEEP RECURRING
  DESPITE THE PERSONS ATTEMPT OT STOP THEM
• COMPULSIONS
• REPETITIVE, RITUALISTIC BEHAVIORS THAT A PERSON
  FEELS COMPELLED TO PERFORM
• OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS ARE OFTEN HORRIBLE

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ANXIETY

• CHECKING
• REPEATEDLY PERFORMING SOME KIND OF BEHAVIOR TO
  MAKE SURE THAT SOMETHING WAS OR WAS NOT DONE IN A
  CERTAIN WAY
• AT TIMES, ANYONE CAN EXPERIENCE MILD DEPRESSIONS
  OR COMPULSION
• ANXIETY DISORDERS APPEAR BECAUSE OF TRYING TO
  STOP THE OBSESSIONS OR COMPULSIONS (EITHER BY
  THEMSELVES OR BY SOMEONE ELSE)
• PEOPLE MAY ACT THE WAY THEY DO TO KEEP ANXIETY
  DOWN

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ANXIETY

• PHOBIA
• INTENSE PARALYZING FEAR OF SOMETHING IN THE
  ABSENCE OF ANY REAL DANGER. A FEAR OF SOMETHING
  THAT MOST OTHER PEOPLE FIND BEARABLE. (PERSON
  MAY RECOGNIZE THE PHOBIA AS UNREASONABLE, BUT IT
  STILL PERSISTS) SPECIFIC PHOBIA
• SOCIAL PHOBIA
• DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE,
  INAPPROPRIATE FEARS CONNECTED WITH SOCIAL
  SITUATIONS OR PERFORMANCES IN FRONT OF OTHER
  PEOPLE

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ANXIETY

• MOST COMMON PHOBIA-
• AGORAPHOBIA
• MARKED FEAR OF BEING ALONE OR BEING IN PUBLIC
  PLACES FROM WHICH ESCAPE MIGHT BE DIFFICULT
• MORE PHOBIAS.........

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ANXIETY

• WHAT CAUSES ANXIETY DISORDERS?
• PSYCHOANALYTIC
• UNCONSCIOUS CONFLICT. UNACCEPTABLE IMPULSES OR
  THOUGHTS (USUALLY SEXUAL OR AGGRESSIVE).
  THREATEN TO OVERWHELM THE EGO AND BREAK THROUGH
  INTO FULL CONSCIOUSNESS.
• PERSON IS UNAWARE BUT EXPERIENCES EARLY
  WARNINGS, POSSIBLY THROUGH A PANIC ATTACK OR
  CERTAIN COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS (WASHING)
• MINIMIZE OR DISPEL ANXIETY
• THEY REPEAT RITUALISTICALLY BEHAVIORS CAN THEN
  BECOME A PROBLEM

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ANXIETY

• PSYCHOANALYTIC
• PHOBIAS ARE A RESULT OF DISPLACEMENT
• ORIGINAL FEELINGS REDIRECTED ONTO SOMETHING ELSE.
• BEHAVIORISTS
• PEOPLE WHO HAVE SUFFER FROM ANXIETY DISORDERS
  HAVE LEARNED TO ASSOCIATE FEAR AND ANXIETY WITH
  AN APPARENTLY HARMLESS SITUATION.

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ANXIETY

• BEHAVIORISTS
• FEAR HAS GENERALIZED FROM SOME OTHER SIMILAR
  SITUATION THAT WAS HARMFUL
• OR
• HAD A TERRIFYING EXPERIENCE IN PAST AND BEEN
  UNABLE OT UNLEARN THAT TERROR
• OBSESSIVE - COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR MAY ALSO BE
  LEARNED
• LEARNING BY TRIAL AND ERROR OR AN EXAGGERATED
  VERSION OF BEHAVIOR THAT SUCCEEDED WHEN
  INDIVIDUAL WAS A CHILD

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ANXIETY

• BEHAVIORISTS
• EXAMPLE
• WASHING HANDS IS GOOD BECAUSE PARENTS PRAISE. IF
  THE BEHAVIOR REDUCES ANXIETY, IT IS REINFORCED
  AND MORE LIKELY TO RECUR. (ESPECIALLY WHEN
  ANXIETY REAPPEARS)
• COGNITIVE
• FELLING THAT ONE IS NOT IN CONTROL OF ONES LIFE
  IS CENTRAL TO ALL FORMS OF ANXIETY

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ANXIETY

• BIOLOGICAL
• LINK BETWEEN SPECIFIC BIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND
  PANIC DISORDERS.
• INFUSIONS OF LACTATEBYPRODUCT OF INTENSE AND
  RAPID BREATHING (HYPERVENTILATING)
• SOME OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVES SHOW BRAIN
  ABNORMALITIES THAT RESPOND TO TREATMENT WITH
  DRUGS
• DRUGS
• ANXIOLITICS
• BENZODIAZEPINES (VALIUM, XANAX)
• SOMETIMES ANTIDEPRESSANTS