Community Corrections

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Community Corrections

• Vincent Holland

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Community Corrections

• My Background
• Criminal records of those I admire.
• Examples
• Car theft returned
• Person heating his feet
• Grandmother who reported the drug dealing at the
  home
• Home detention theft next door
• Long phone-line

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Community Corrections

• What population has the following
  characteristics? (Arnold M. Ludwig (N 1941)
• Over 20 were arrested and imprisoned. (13
  after gaining notoriety)
• 12 died a violent death
• 15 were diagnosed as alcoholic
• 14 suffered severe depression
• 28 had one psychiatric disorder, and 15 had
  three or more psychiatric disorders (55
  evidenced some level of psychiatric disorders)

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MENTAL HEALTH COURT INITIATIVE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Law Enforcement
Local Jails
Common Pleas Court System
Municipal Courts
Specialized Prosecutors Specialized Defense
Counsel Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Police
Officers Special Dockets
MH Liaison Criminal Justice Case Review
Mental Health Component
29-Nov-01
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MENTAL HEALTH COURT INITIATIVE Points of
Identification, Assessment, Case Review Access
to Service
CIT
Jail
Incident reported or observed
Booked
Arrest
Felony - skip 3 spaces
Prosecutor reviews case
Complaint filed
Bail
Initial Appearance In Municipal Court
Bail
Jail
Jail
Sentencing
Felony Initial Appearance/ Preliminary
Hearing (3D)
Plea
Bound over to Grand Jury
Bail
Indictment
Bail
Jail
Jail
Prison
Arraignment
Pretrial Hearings
Plea / Trial
Pre-sentence Investigation / Sentencing
Jail
Fine
Probation
Bail
3/05
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Community Corrections

• Probation
• Community Control
• Shock Probation
• Judicial Release
• Parole
• Post-conviction release

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Community corrections

• Philosophical differences between MR/DD and
  criminal justice
• Language
• Cultural socialization
• Philosophical foundations
• Judeo-Christian
• Modernity
• Pragmatism Legal theoretical frame

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M.R.O.

• 1990s Ohio Department of MR/DD supported the
  right of self-determination and consumer choice
  in service selection
• Last few years there have been funding losses due
  to Federal and State cutbacks.

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M.R.O.

• Often under-identified and under reported within
  the jail and prison systems
• More likely to be convicted, receive a prison
  sentence and serve more time than other
  offenders.
• More likely to confess when they are not guilty.
• American Disabilities Act requires all
  corrections agencies establish screening and
  rehabilitation programs.

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M.R.O

• Prevalence in the population is 1 to 2
• Prevalence in the criminal justice system is 4
  to 10
• Disproportionately from low-income minority
  groups.
• last to leave scene, first to get arrested and
  first to confess. (Police officer).

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Community Control

• Contradiction
• Criminal Justice experience is an individual
  experience
• Charge-Sentencing-Dispositions
• Treatment experience is multi-tiered
• Advocate-team approach-support service persons.

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Community Control

• Often in the Court experience the least
  considered factor is the MR/DD aspect
• Chemical Dependency
• Risk-level
• Mental illness
• Traditional court orders

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Overview of the System
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Prosecution and Pretrial

• Felony
• More Serious Crimes
• 5 Degrees
• Petty theft over 500
• Misdemeanor
• 4 degrees
• Petty theft 500 and under

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Community Corrections
Most
PRISON BOOT CAMP CBCF JAIL WORK
RELEASE RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FACILITY HALFWAY
HOUSE INTENSIVE SUPERVISION HOUSE ARREST DAY
REPORTING PROBATION/COMMUNITY CONTROL COMMUNITY
SERVICE FINANCIAL SANCTIONS (Restitution, Court
Costs Day Fines, Fines, Supervision Fees,
Forfeiture) DRUG COURT TREATMENT IN LIEU OF
CONVICTION PRE-TRIAL DIVERSION

• Community Corrections includes all correctional
  programs operated at the local level.
• In Ohio, communities establish a continuum of
  programs to meet their needs.

R E S T R I C T I O N
Least
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Community Corrections

• Source
• High times
• Murder dog
• (Feed THE Block)
• Allhiphop.com
• Urbandictionary.com

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Community Corrections

• Probation-community control
• ORC 2929.51
• Post-release control-parole
• 2967.28
• JUDICIAL RELEASE-SHOCK
• 5120.331
• 1964 Ohio first state to use shock probation

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Specialized Dockets

• Specialized Cases
• Offender Usually Repeat Offender
• Judge Involved in Treatment
• Offender Agrees to Intensive Treatment
• Long Term

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Community Corrections

• General supervision
• Risk-needs scales
• Intensive supervision models
• Georgia
• New Jersey
• Mixed (back-door front door models)
• Prediction tools Isthmus, Canadian (Andrews
  Bandura) Ohio (Latessa)
• Risk-recidivism (some dangerousness)

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Post Release Control

• Upon Release from Prison
• Set by Law
• State Supervision
• Offenders Receive Services

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House Arrest

• Restricted Access to Community
• Electronic Devices
• Allows to Maintain Employment
• Community Supervision

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Community Corrections

• Day reporting
• Home detention (alco-sensors, location devices,
  GEO-mapping)
• Passive active systems
• Sex offender project
• Mentally Retarded offender project
• Mentally Disordered offender project

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Community Corrections

• Work release program
• Self Center
• Half-way house initiatives
• Oriana House, Harbor Light Complex etc.
• Treatment specialist (alcohol drug placement)
• Alcohol Drug Dependency Unit (1980s to 1990s)

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MRDD Offender Behind Bars

• May adjust easily due to structure
• May have hard time following rules
• Less likely to participate in programs
• Less likely to receive early parole
• More time served for similar crimes sentences
• Often victimized by other inmates ( staff?)

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Community Corrections

• Pre-sentence investigation reports
• Report drafted prior to sentencing
• Some Post (after sentencing)
• Information offense summary, criminal record,
  background information, medical, family, work,
  education, mental health chemical use and other
  significant issues are summarized

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Mental Health Courts

• Professional mental health staff involved
• Cooperative with courts
• Offenders are on treatment in lieu status
• Medication involved
• Judge reviews cases periodically
• Court can terminiate

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Community Corrections

• Service contracts
• Boards of mental health MR/DD, Alcohol and drug
  services, Sex offender services and others.
• Efficiency, network, hollow state
• Specialization and business principled driven
• There is even talk about privatizing probation
  and community corrections services.
• Local, State and national organization
  representation.

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Community Corrections

• Reentry issues
• 600,000 released yearly
• 7,000 Cuyahoga in 2008
• 11,000 Cuyahoga in 2011
• STOP (Short term Offender Project)
• 63 release within one-year or less
• Cost of visitation Phone service expenses
• Distance from area of arrest.

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Community Corrections

• What works in corrections (Doris Layton MacKenzie
  (2006)
• Intended and unintended consequences
• Teaching leadership to gang members, and
  negotiating skills to hardened criminals.
• Gang summits (Unintended consequences).
• Empirically interpreted
• Metaanalysis studies (i.e. analyzing multiple
  studies of the same project types).

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Community Corrections

• What works
• Targeting criminogenic needs
• Impulse control, anger management, Peer
  influences, pro-criminal attitudes and
  pro-criminal associations.
• Big eight risk factors antisocial attitudes,
  antisocial associations, history of antisocial
  behavior, antisocial personality patterns,
  problematic circumstances at home, school or
  work, problematic leisure circumstances and
  substance abuse.
• note mental illness is not a criminogenic factor

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Community Corrections

• Thank you
• May you have a great career?
• Vincent D. Holland
• [phone] or 443-7880
• cpvdh_at_cuyahogacounty.us. Work
• vincent1951_at_ameritech.net. Home