Family Definitions from the Census

1
Family Definitions from the Census

• Family A family is a group of two people or more
  (one of whom is the householder) related by
  birth, marriage, or adoption and residing
  together all such people (including related
  subfamily members) are considered as members of
  one family. Beginning with the 1980 Current
  Population Survey, unrelated subfamilies
  (referred to in the past as secondary families)
  are no longer included in the count of families,
  nor are the members of unrelated subfamilies
  included in the count of family members. The
  number of families is equal to the number of
  family households, however, the count of family
  members differs from the count of family
  household members because family household
  members include any non-relatives living in the
  household.
• Family group A family group is any two or more
  people (not necessarily including a householder)
  residing together, and related by birth,
  marriage, or adoption. A household may be
  composed of one such group, more than one, or
  none at all. The count of family groups includes
  family households, related subfamilies, and
  unrelated subfamilies.
• Family household A family household is a
  household maintained by a householder who is in a
  family (as defined above), and includes any
  unrelated people (unrelated subfamily members
  and/or secondary individuals) who may be residing
  there. The number of family households is equal
  to the number of families. The count of family
  household members differs from the count of
  family members, however, in that the family
  household members include all people living in
  the household, whereas family members include
  only the householder and his/her relatives. See
  the definition of family.

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Colonial Families

• Parental approval and other factors besides
  romantic love played a role in colonial
  marriages.
• Children were not children for very long.
• The fathers place of work was characteristically
  at home, or very nearby.
• Although the husband was considered the head of
  the family and although there was a sexual
  division of labor in terms of kinds of work, the
  sharp division between provider-husband and
  homemaker-wife did not exist.
• The colonial family, far from being a retreat
  from the real world, performed numerous functions
  of what later would be considered a public or
  social nature.
• Source Gill, Glazer and Thernstrom, Our Changing
  Population

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Functions of Colonial Family

• School
• Vocational Training
• Religious instruction
• Jails
• Economic refuge for socially vulnerable

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Watershed Events for Families

• Industrialization
• Urbanization
• The Great Depression
• WWII and Baby Boom
• Feminism
• Dual Earner Families

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Ag Related Employment v Urban Residence, 1820-1930
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Percent of Unmarried Females that Married in that
Year, 1920-1970
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Changes to the Family

• The family changes from a unit of production to a
  unit of consumption.
• Private functions given over to public functions.
• Industrialization takes father out of home.
• Consequences Sole-provider husband and cult of
  domesticity
• Age at first marriage rises and falls
• Mothers leave home for workforce
• Fertility decreases
• Divorce increases

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Age at first marriage rises and falls
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Fertility decreases
11
Divorce Rate Per 1000 Married Females 15 Years
and Over, 1920-1970
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Relational Transition Post Divorce and One
Remarriage
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Percentage of Children Living with Grandchildren
W/out Parents in the Household