GIS

1
GIS

• A New Tool For A New Economy

2
Introduction

• What is GIS? Why is it good for planning?
• Example GIS Potential machinist application
  within the city Pittsburgh.
• What else can we use GIS for?

3
What is GIS? Why is it good for planning?

• GIS Geographic Information System (Science) a
  computer system capable of assembling, storing,
  manipulating, and displaying geographically
  referenced information

4
Current Areas of Application

• Industry
• Agriculture
• Retail
• Real Estate
• Police/Fire/Medical
• Government

5
GIS Success Story 1

• Los Angeles County, California Police
• Current and Past Crime Incidences
• Gang Territories
• Individual Criminal Data
• More Efficient Use of Police Resources Patrolmen
  and women

6
GIS Success Story 2

• Community College of Allegheny County
• Currently 4 campuses and 9 community education
  centers
• 18 layers of demographic data
• Evaluating current centers/possible new centers
  for education

7
Our Attempt at a Success Story

• Unhappy with the current location of machinist
  training facilities for the city of Pittsburgh
• Attempt to improve on current locations of these
  facilities, specifically with the intention of
  helping the African-American population

8
What is a Machinist?

• A metal worker who cuts, forms, and tools metals,
  carrying out sophisticated tasks, using
  computers, delicate instrumentation, and
  sensitive measuring devices.

9
There are many different types of Machinists

• Two types of machinists that are in high demand
  within the Pittsburgh region
• Production Machinists-complete defined tasks to
  meet production goals
• Precision Machinists-execute highly specific and
  variable tasks

10
National Labor Crisis

• Estimated
• By the year 2008 surplus of 50 million jobs
  within the labor industry requiring skilled
  workers
• By 2018 surplus of 150 million jobs within the
  labor industry requiring skilled workers.

11
Nationally, in every occupation the need for
skills has increased

• In the year 2000
• 15 of jobs within the United states was
  considered unskilled

• In 1950
• 60 of jobs considered unskilled

12
Arecent study by Arthur Anderson found

• Finding and retaining qualified workers is the
  biggest challenge to a business growth and
  survival.
• Of the four jobs listed belowwere lacking the
  skills
• 22 of wholesale/retailers
• 32 of Financial Services
• 34 of Business Services
• 38 of Manufacturing

13
NAM (National Association of Manufacturers)

• 48 of U.S manufacturers believe that their
  workforce lacks the ability to read and translate
  drawings, diagrams and flow charts

14
The need for education is rising

• In 1988
• 23 of laborers had a post high school degree
• 68 of technical support personnel had a
  post-high school education
• 68 of managers had a post-high school education

• In 1998
• 38
• 80
• 78

15
Area Manufacturing

• Production Machinists
• Remanufacture automobile transmissions, body, and
  engine parts.
• Construct tools and fasteners.

• Precision Machinists
• Make components for local optical
  telescopes,lasers, and airplanes
• Titanium hip replacement joints and pins.
• Vacuum vessels used in computer chip reduction.

16
According to APEX

• The three important criteria companies look for
  in a region when choosing locations are
• Finding skilled workers
• Accessing training Programs that provide a
  continuous supply of skilled people
• College/University partership

17
Problems facing the manufacturing industry within
the Pittsburgh region

• Between the years of 1990-1999 the southwest
  region has experienced a loss of 68,000 people
  working within the job market between the ages of
  18-64.
• The population of the entire southwestern PA is
  the same today as it was in 1940.

18
Problems facing the manufacturing industry within
the Pittsburgh region continue

• Currently a shortage of skilled entry-level
  machinists within the region
• Many of the more skillful workers have left due
  to the fall of the steel industry
• Many experienced machinists are approaching the
  age of retirement, and customer demands are
  increasing
• Within the next 5-15 years, 20 of the current
  machinists will be at or near the retirement age.
• There are approximately 6,000 machinist jobs
  currently available due to a shortage of skilled
  workers

19
Solution to the crisis

• New Century Careers
• Manufacturing 2000
• An entry level machinist training program
• 5 months long
• Free of charge
• 74 job placement success
• Manufacturing 2000Plus
• Not free of charge
• No job placement
• An advanced training program for machinists
• Usually already employed within the field.

20
Major Counties serviced by New Century Careers

• Butler
• Allegheny.about 70
• Washington
• Westmoreland
• Fayette
• Beaver

21
Quotes

• Megan Grabski
• Brook Lindner
• People who use the services are primarily white

22
US Employment
23
PA Employment
24
Pittsburgh Employment
25
Change Employment
26
Current Training Facilities

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Negative Implications

• Far from public transportation
• Average distance 38.6 from city center
• At least 1 hour of driving time
• Not benefiting Pittsburgh residents

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Are they located outside the city for specific
reasons?

• Several located in institution environments
• Trying to capitalize on suburban growth
• Near former manufacturing areas outside of
  Pittsburgh
• Land cost doesnt appear to be an issue, most if
  all funds come from the state and Federal
  governments
• Fine for residents outside of Pittsburgh, but how
  does this help in city residents?

29
Combining What We Know

• Machinists are in demand in Pittsburgh

30
Continuing What We Know

• Training Facilities are outside the city
• Most Pittsburgh city residents cant or wont
  take advantage of these opportunities due to
  distance

31
So, How and Where Do We Locate Training Centers
in Pittsburgh?

• Collect Demographic Data at census tract level
• Collect Employment Opportunity Data
• Use a GIS to combine this data for optimal
  location

32
Data Sources

• US Census
• Pittsburgh Post Gazette
• Todd Fichera-IAMAW
• Megan Grabski-New Century Careers
• ESPN.com
• Kathy Johnson-Latrobe/Kennametal
• AFL-CIO Website

33
Variables Used

• Number of African-American Residents
• Number of A-A Individuals Unemployed
• Age Group 22-29
• Current Employment Locations

34
Survey Says

• Potential Sites
• Our Recommended Sites

35
Site 1

• West of Pittsburgh near the airport
• Natural growth due to proximity of airport and
  Sony Technology Center
• High African-American density along with
  unemployment
• Many current and former manufacturers located
  near this location
• Site is less than 10 miles from city center

36
Site 2

• In the northeastern part of the city near many
  old steel manufacturing centers
• Large former base of manufacturing workers
• High African-American population with severe
  unemployment
• Similar to other site with access to public
  transportation
• Distance to city center is under 10 miles

37
Why not the inner city?

• Lack of trainers for a facility
• Not near current places of employment
• Lack of infrastructure for the place to operate
• Higher operating costs
• Negative overall impression of area from people
  not from that neighborhood

38
Stepping Back Other Potential Applications in
Pittsburgh

• New potential sites for city services such as
  police, fire, and ambulance stations
• More efficient use of public transportation as
  well as future development needs
• Manageable use of how city zones are being used
• Other occupations can use this method for use in
  location of facilities or community centers
• Environmental use as for tracking of pollution,
  or of green space in relation to other development

39
In Conclusion

• Machining is productive and good
• GIS is good
• Training Centers outside Pittsburgh are bad
• GIS wont byte