GIS 101

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GIS 101

• Introduction to Geographic Information Systems
• Instructor Tom Chatfield

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What is a GIS?

• A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a
  computer-based tool for displaying and analyzing
  things(man-made or natural) that exist and events
  that happen on earth. GIS technology can be
  applied at the scale of the entire globe, or a
  single property.
• GIS technology integrates common database
  operations such as query and statistical analysis
  with the unique visualization and geographic
  analysis benefits offered by maps

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Power of GIS

• The real power of GIS lies not in the ability to
  make maps, but in the GISs ability to perform
  analysis.

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A Geographic Information System

• Allows us to look at data as one might from any
  database application with a database management
  system, one can
• Select, sort, list, group, report and print data
  by a wide variety of criteria.

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Reveal trends, find similarities and visualize
relationships

• Answer QuestionsMake Better Decisions!

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Maintaining and utilizing GIS data provides the
county with the power of

• VISUALIZATION

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A GIS Adds the Benefit of Visualization to the
Database!

• A GIS is fully functional as a database system,
  the real advantage of using a GIS is the added
  power to visualize.

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A Geographic Information System

• Allows us to look at address data just as one
  might from a database application. TABULAR As
  with any database management system, one can
• Select, sort, list, group, report and print data
  by a wide variety of criteria.

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For Example...

• One may wish to create a list of all the voters
  in a particular area.
• Identify which of these are active voters and
  sort them alphabetically by name.
• After sorting and selecting, specific attributes
  can be extracted such as the name and address.
• From this list of attributes we might print
  mailing labels.

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• With the GIS we can make our selection from
  EITHER the map SPATIAL, or from the database
  TABULAR.(show example)

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Visualization helps us find answers to many
important questions relating to PLACE.

• Where are these addresses?
• What is near the place of interest?
• How many people live in a particular area?
• What else is near this site?

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Visualization helps us find answers to many
questions in order to analyze crime.

• Where is the address we are looking for?
• Where are Schools relative to the Neighborhood?
• What bounding constraints might be in a
  particular area of interest (rivers,
  streams/drainage, roadways, various districts or
  jurisdictions etc.)?

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Many Ways To Visualize

• GIS gives us the capability to view mapped data
  symbolized any way we choose. With the GIS we
  can
• Turn layers off or on
• Place layers above or below others
• Shade and color areas to highlight specific
  features of interest
• Use a wide variety of lines and markers to depict
  differences between the features

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Maintenance - Keeping the System Up To Date

• Attributes can Maintained in their respective
  Database Systems
• The idea is to connect the pertinent
  Tabular(database) information to the Spatial
  Data.
• Maintaining Spatial Data
• The Spatial data must be maintained as things
  change to keep the information up to date. (Base
  Map information)

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Benefits

• GIS provides additional capability to perform
  analysis.
• GIS allows us to view and print maps of any data
  available.
• Allows us to see the big picture or view the low
  level detail.

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ALSOAllows us to find
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Why Use GIS?

• GIS Query Capabilities!
• Spatial
• Attribute

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Attribute Analysis

• Select all areas that are over X size
• Select all properties with X Classification
• Select all active voters
• Select zoning of SFD and Situs address where
  situs address and owner are not the same.
• Etc.

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Spatial GIS Analysis

• Proximity Analysis
• Network Analysis
• Connectivity Analysis
• Overlay Analysis

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GIS Uses Applications

• Environmental
• Parks planning
• Natural Resources
• Oil Gas
• Water Management
• Farming
• Mining
• Exploration

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GIS Uses Applications

• Wild Life
• Habitat assessment
• Migration patterns
• Law Enforcement
• Tactical
• Code enforcement
• Crime analysis

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GIS Uses Applications

• Asset Management
• Identification of property ownership
• Political districts Polling Places
  demographics population, re-districting
  analysis
• Census

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GIS Uses Applications

• Land Use
• Planning
• Demographics

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GIS Uses Applications

• Pavement management systems
• Road traffic counts
• Street signs
• Street signals
• Traffic planning
• Meter reader routing

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GIS Uses Applications

• Environmental EPA regulations
• Superfund Cleanup
• Compliance
• Contaminate levels
• Air Quality

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GIS Uses Applications

• Transportation
• Air
• Land
• Sea
• Hydrology
• Water Collection Distribution

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In times of change, the learners will inherit
the world while the knowers are prepared for a
world that no longer exists.Rich Teerlink,
former Chairman of Harley-Davidson
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Learning is not compulsoryneither is
survival.W. Edward Deming