Harriet Kung

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OFFICE OF SCIENCE
Overview of Basic Energy Sciences
CFN/NSLS Users Meeting Brookhaven National
Laboratory May 19, 2009

• Harriet Kung
• Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
• Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy

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Outline

• New Administration DOE
• BES Strategic Planning
• BES Budget Staffing Updates

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Dep Sectary Daniel Poneman (Nominee)
Steven Koonin (Nominee)
Kristina Johnson (Nominee)
Director of the Office of Science William
Brinkman (Nominee)
EERE
EM
BES
FE
NE
OE
RW
LM
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The Administrations Energy Environment Plan

• Within 10 years save more oil than we currently
  import from the Middle East and Venezuela
  combined.
• Put 1 million plug-in hybrid cars cars that can
  get up to 150 miles per gallon on the road by
  2015.
• Generate 10 percent of our electricity from
  renewable sources by 2012, and 25 percent by
  2025.
• Implement an economy-wide, cap-and-trade program
  to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80 by 2050.

http//www.whitehouse.gov/agenda/energy_and_enviro
nment/
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DOEs Priorities and Goals

• Priority Science and Discovery Invest in
  science to achieve transformational discoveries
• Organize and focus on breakthrough science
• Develop and nurture science and engineering
  talent
• Coordinate DOE work across the department, across
  the government, and globally
• Priority Change the landscape of energy demand
  and supply
• Drive energy efficiency to decrease energy use in
  homes, industry and transportation
• Develop and deploy clean, safe, low carbon energy
  supplies
• Enhance DOEs application areas through
  collaboration with its strengths in Science
• Priority Economic Prosperity Create millions of
  green jobs and increase competitiveness
• Reduce energy demand
• Deploy cost-effective low-carbon clean energy
  technologies at scale
• Promote the development of an efficient, smart
  electricity transmission and distribution network
• Enable responsible domestic production of oil and
  natural gas
• Create a green workforce
• Priority National Security and Legacy Maintain
  nuclear deterrent and prevent proliferation
• Strengthen non-proliferation and arms control
  activities

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Priority Science and DiscoveryInvest in science
to achieve transformational discoveries

• Focus on transformational science
• Connect basic and applied sciences
• Re-energize the national labs as centers of great
  science and innovation
• Double the Office of Science budget
• Embrace a degree of risk-taking in research
• Create an effective mechanism to integrate
  national laboratory, university, and industry
  activities
• Develop science and engineering talent
• Train the next generation of scientists and
  engineers
• Attract and retain the most talented researchers
• Collaborate universally
• Partner globally
• Support the developing world
• Build research networks across departments,
  government, nation and the globe

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Strategic Planning Ten Basic Research Needs
Workshops

• Basic Research Needs to Assure a Secure Energy
  Future (BESAC)
• Hydrogen Economy
• Solar Energy Utilization
• Superconductivity
• Solid State Lighting
• Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
• Clean and Efficient Combustion of 21st Century
  Transportation Fuels
• Geosciences Facilitating 21st Century Energy
  Systems
• Electrical Energy Storage
• Catalysis for Energy Applications
• Materials under Extreme Environments

10 workshops 5 years more than 1,500
participants from academia, industry, and DOE
labs
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Directing Matter and Energy Five Challenges for
Science and the Imagination

• Control the quantum behavior of electrons in
  materials
• Synthesize, atom by atom, new forms of matter
  with tailored properties
• Control emergent properties that arise from the
  complex correlations of atomic and electronic
  constituents
• Synthesize man-made nanoscale objects with
  capabilities rivaling those of living things
• Control matter very far away from equilibrium

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Basic and Applied RD CoordinationHow Nature
Works to Design and Control to
Technologies for the 21st Century
Technology Maturation Deployment
Applied Research
Grand Challenges Discovery
and Use-Inspired Basic Research How nature
works Materials properties and chemical
functionalities by design

• Basic research for fundamental new understanding
  on materials or systems that may revolutionize or
  transform todays energy technologies
• Development of new tools, techniques, and
  facilities, including those for the scattering
  sciences and for advanced modeling and computation

• Basic research, often with the goal of addressing
  showstoppers on real-world applications in the
  energy technologies

• Research with the goal of meeting technical
  milestones, with emphasis on the development,
  performance, cost reduction, and durability of
  materials and components or on efficient
  processes
• Proof of technology concepts

• Scale-up research
• At-scale demonstration
• Cost reduction
• Prototyping
• Manufacturing RD
• Deployment support

• Controlling materials processes at the level of
  quantum behavior of electrons
• Atom- and energy-efficient syntheses of new forms
  of matter with tailored properties
• Emergent properties from complex correlations of
  atomic and electronic constituents
• Man-made nanoscale objects with capabilities
  rivaling those of living things
• Controlling matter very far away from equilibrium

BESAC BES Basic Research Needs Workshops
BESAC Grand Challenges Panel
DOE Technology Office/Industry Roadmaps
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New Science for a Secure and Sustainable Energy
Future

• Goals from the final BESAC Report
• Make fuels from sunlight
• Generate electricity without carbon dioxide
  emissions
• Revolutionize energy efficiency and use
• Recommendations
• Work at the intersection of control science and
  complex functional materials.
• Increase the rate of discoveries.
• Establish dream teams of talent, equipped with
  forefront tools, and focused on the most pressing
  challenges to increase the rate of discovery.
• Recruit the best talent through workforce
  development to inspire todays students and young
  researchers to be the discoverers, inventors, and
  innovators of tomorrows energy solutions.

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Can Basic Science Help Break Historic Improvement
Curves?
Electric Energy Storage
Transmission Distribution
Fuel Switching
End-use Efficiency
Zero-net-emissions Electricity Generation
CCS
Conservation
Fuel Switching
Climate/Environment Impacts
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Source LLNL 2008 data are based on
DOE/EIA-0384(2006). Credit should be given to
LLNL and DOE.
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BESAC Workshop on Solving Science and Energy
Grand Challenges with Next Generation Photon
Sources

• Photon Workshop October 27- 28, 2008
• Wolfgang Eberhardt (BESSY) and Franz Himpsel (U
  Wisconsin), Co-Chairs
• Workshop Charge
• This workshop will identify connections between
  major new research opportunities and the
  capabilities of the next generation of light
  sources (photon attributes, such as coherence
  and femtosecond time resolution). Particular
  emphasis will be on energy-related research. The
  presentations and discussion sessions will
  highlight how time-resolved excitation,
  functional imaging, diffraction, and spectroscopy
  by photons can help solving major problems and
  develop killer applications in basic energy
  research. A variety of opportunities have been
  outlined by ten BESAC and BES reports on basic
  research needs and by a report on five Grand
  Challenges in directing matter and energy (see
  http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/reports/list.html ).
• Both accelerator-based light sources and novel
  laser based sources for the VUV to X-ray range
  will be considered. The Photon Workshop will
  identify the science drivers for new photon
  sources but will not consider the design of
  machines or devices for producing the required
  photons. A strong coupling of theory and
  experiment will be emphasized.
• A matrix will be prepared to define the most
  compelling connections between research
  opportunities and photon attributes. For example,
  many science and energy grand challenges require
  probing very fast processes that happen over very
  small distances femtoseconds over nanometers.
  Typically, an electron in a solid takes a
  femtosecond to travel a nanometer, and atoms have
  a vibrational period of about 100 femtoseconds.
  Lasers probe femtoseconds and synchrotrons
  resolve nanometers, but presently neither can do
  both.
• The photon attributes to be considered by the
  workshop include coherence length (longitudinal
  and transverse), time structure, energy, energy
  resolution, spectral brightness (average and
  peak), flux, spatial and momentum resolution, and
  polarization.

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http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/reports/files/NGPS_rpt.p
df
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FY 2008 FY 2009 SC Budget Appropriations FY
2010 Request
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Basic Energy Sciences The American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009

• BES will invest 555.4 million of the ARRA
  funding for the following seven activities
• 150.0M to accelerate the civilian construction
  of the National Synchrotron Light Source II
  (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory
• 14.7M to complete the construction of the User
  Support Building (USB) at the Advanced Light
  Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National
  Laboratory
• 33.6M to complete the Linac Coherent Light
  Source (LCLS) Ultrafast Science Instruments
  (LUSI) MIE project at SLAC National Accelerator
  Laboratory
• 25.0M for capital equipment replenishment and
  augmentation at the five BES Nanoscale Science
  Research Centers (NSRCs)
• 24.0M for four synchrotron radiation light
  sources capital equipments, AIP, other upgrades
• 277.0M for Energy Frontier Research Centers
  (EFRCs).
• 31.1M for Early Career Fellowships (TBD)

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FY 2009 BES Budget Omnibus Appropriations Act
2009

• Core research programs
• 100M for Energy Frontier Research Centers
• 55M for single investigator and small group
  awards for grand science and energy research
  (including one-time funding for mid-scale
  instrumentation and ultrafast science)
• Facility-related research (detectors, optics,
  etc.) 10M
• 17M for EPSCoR (vs. request of 8.24M)
• Scientific user facilities operations
• Full funding for
• Synchrotron light sources
• Neutron scattering facilities
• Electron microcharacterization facilities
• Nanoscale Science Research Centers
• Construction and instrumentation
• Full funding for
• National Synchrotron Light Source-II
• Linac Coherent Light Source Linac operations
  instruments
• Advanced Light Source User Support Building
• Spallation Neutron Source instruments

Appropriation 1,572M
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5
35.3
MIE GPP SBIR
MSE Research
MSE Research
Facilities Ops
273.3
CSGB Research
719
CSGB Research
Facilities Ops
239.5
EFRC
SUF Research
20.4
Construction
145.5
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Energy Frontier Research Centers Tackling Our
Energy Challenges in a New Era of Science

• To engage the talents of the nations researchers
  for the broad energy sciences
• To accelerate the scientific breakthroughs needed
  to create advanced energy technologies for the
  21st century
• To pursue the fundamental understanding necessary
  to meet the global need for abundant, clean, and
  economical energy

• EFRCs will pursue collaborative basic research
  that addresses both energy challenges and science
  grand challenges in areas such as
• Solar Energy Utilization ? Geosciences for
  Nuclear Waste and CO2 Storage ? Combustion
• Bio-Fuels ? Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems ?
  Superconductivity
• Catalysis ? Materials Under Extreme
  Environments ? Solid State Lighting
• Energy Storage ? Hydrogen

FY 2009 EFRCs Funding Status
2003-2007 Conducted BRNs workshops August
2007 America COMPETES Act signed Feb. 2008 FY
2009 budget roll-out April 2008 EFRC FOA issued
Oct. 2008 Received 261 full proposals Oct.
2008 FY 2009 Continuing Resolution started Feb.
2009 Recovery Act of 2009 (Stimulus) signed March
2009 Omnibus Appropriations Act 2009 signed April
2009 46 EFRC awards announced Aug. 2009 EFRC
projects to start
Recovery Act (Stimulus Bill)
277M
100M
Omnibus Appropriations
Total EFRCs 777M over 5 years
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Energy Frontier Research Centers
Invest in Cutting-edge Scientific Research to
Achieve Transformational Discoveries
46 centers awarded in FY 2009 for five
years Representing 110 participating institutions
in 36 states plus D.C.
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Single-Investigator Small-Group Research
Single-Investigator and Small-Group Research
(SISGR) will significantly enhance the core
research programs in BES and pursue the
fundamental understanding necessary to meet the
global need for abundant, clean, and economical
energy. Awards are planned for three years, with
funding in the range of 150-300 K/yr for
single-investigator awards and 500-1500 K/yr for
small-group awards Areas of interest include
Grand challenge science ultrafast science
chemical imaging, complex emergent behavior
Use inspired discovery science basic research
for electrical energy storage advanced nuclear
energy systems solar energy utilization
hydrogen production, storage, and use geological
CO2 sequestration other basic research areas
identified in BESAC and BES workshop reports with
an emphasis on nanoscale phenomena Tools for
grand challenge science midscale
instrumentation accelerator and detector
research (exclude capital equipment
supports) Awards to be announced in June 2009
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BES FY 2010 Budget Highlights

• The FY 2010 BES Budget Request supports President
  Obamas goals for a clean energy economy,
  investments in science and technologyincluding
  exploratory and high-risk research, and training
  the next generation of scientists and engineers.
• Research
• Two Energy Innovation Hubs are initiated in
  FY 2010 in the topical areas of Fuels from
  Sunlight, and Batteries and Energy Storage. Each
  hub will assemble a multidisciplinary team to
  address the basic science, technology, economic,
  and policy issues needed to achieve a secure and
  sustainable energy future.
• Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs)
  initiated in FY 2009 continue in FY 2010. EFRCs
  integrate the talents and expertise of leading
  scientists across multiple disciplines to conduct
  fundamental research to establish the scientific
  foundation for breakthrough energy technologies.
• Core researchprimarily supporting single
  principal investigator and small group
  projectswill be continued and expanded to
  initiate promising new activities that respond to
  the five grand challenges identified in the BESAC
  Grand Challenges report quantum control of
  electrons in atoms, molecules, and materials
  basic architecture of matter, directed
  assemblies, structure, and properties emergence
  of collective phenomena energy and information
  on the nanoscale and matter far beyond
  equilibrium.
• Facilities
• The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC
  National Accelerator Laboratory, the worlds
  first hard x-ray coherent light source, begins
  operations in FY 2010. The LCLS provides
  laser-like x-ray radiation that is 10 billion
  times more intense than any existing coherent
  x-ray light source and will open new realms of
  exploration in the chemical, material, and
  biological sciences.
• The National Synchrotron Light Source II at
  Brookhaven National Laboratory will continue its
  construction phase, including the largest
  component of the projectthe building that will
  house the accelerator ring.
• Scientific User Facility Operations are fully
  funded in FY 2010. The BES user facilities are
  visited by more than 10,000 scientists and
  engineers from academia, national laboratories,
  and industry annually and provide unique
  capabilities to the scientific community that are
  critical to maintaining U.S. leadership in the
  physical sciences.

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FY 2010 BES Budget Request

• Core research programs
• 2 Energy Innovation Hubs
• 100M for Energy Frontier Research Centers
• Core research increases for grand challenge
  science, accelerator detector research
• Scientific user facilities operations
• Synchrotron light sources
• Neutron scattering facilities
• Nanoscale Science Research Centers
• Construction and instrumentation
• National Synchrotron Light Source-II
• Linac Coherent Light Source
• Spallation Neutron Source instruments
• SNS Power Upgrade

Request 1,685M
MIE GPP SBIR
MSE Research
MSE Research
277.4
Facilities Ops
CSGB Research
CSGB Research
742.7
249.7
Hub
68
EFRC
154.2
100
Construction
24.7
SUF Research
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BES Operations Rich Burrow, DOE Technical
Office Coordination Don Freeburn, DOE and
Stakeholder Interactions Ken Rivera, Laboratory
Infrastructure / ESH Katie Perine, Program
Analyst / BESACVacant, Technology Office
Coordination
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
Scientific User Facilities Division
Pedro Montano, Director Linda Cerrone, Program
Support Specialist Rocio Meneses, Program
Assistant
Operations
Construction
Catalysis Science Raul Miranda Paul Maupin
Solar Photochemistry Mark Spitler
Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences Jeff
Krause
X-ray and Neutron Scattering Facilities Roger
KlaffkyVacant
Linac Coherent Light Source Tom Brown
Photosynthetic Systems Gail McLean
Heavy Element Chemistry Lester Morss Norm
Edelstein, LBNL
NSLS II Tom Brown
Nanoscience Centers E-beam Centers Tof
CarimVacant
Gas-PhaseChemical Physics Wade Sisk Larry Rahn,
SNL
Physical Biosciences Bob Stack
Separations and Analysis Bill Millman Larry Rahn,
SNL
Spallation Neutron Source Upgrades Tom Brown
Accelerator and Detector RD Vacant
Condensed-Phase and Interfacial Mol. Science Greg
Fiechtner
Facility Coordination, Metrics, Assessment Van
Nguyen
Geosciences Nick Woodward Pat Dobson, LBNL
Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Mark
Pederson
TEAM Vacant
Instrument MIEs (SING, LUSI, etc.) Vacant
Technology Office Coordination Marvin
SingerVacant
Advanced Light Source User Support Building Tom
Brown
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Linda Announcement
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CFN Receives 2008 Secretarys Achievement Award
in Project Management
Center for Functional Nanomaterials (Brookhaven
National Laboratory)
Congratulations!
The Center for Functional Nanomaterials is a
state-of-the-art 94,500 gross square feet
laboratory and office building designed to serve
as the key focal point for nanoscience research
in the Northeast. The objective of this project
is to provide clean and stable laboratories with
an initial suite of world-class instruments to
focus on the study and fabrication of nanoscale
materials. The Center is a user facility
sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
It facilitates major new directions in
nanomaterials and greatly expands the
capabilities available to a national user base
including scientists from government, academia,
and industry. In addition, it serves to train
the next generation of scientists using the
latest tools in the forefront of science.
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