Title: PostDeployment Stress Brief for Sailors
1Post-Deployment Stress Brief forSailors
2Seven Questions
- What are the major mental and physical stressors
associated with operational deployment? - How do Sailors normally adapt to operational
stress? - What problems do Sailors sometimes experience
after returning from an operational deployment? - What happens when Sailors are subjected to
stressors of overwhelming intensity or duration? - What are the symptoms of the three common types
of stress injury? - How can Sailors take care of themselves to
promote healing from stress and stress injuries? - Where can Sailors get help if they need it?
3Common Operational Stressors
4Common Post-Deployment Stressors
5Three Ways to Adapt to Stressors
- Detach mentally from the environment, yourself,
or both - Make yourself numb to that particular challenge
- Change yourself mentally or physically
- Make yourself better suited for that particular
challenge
- Eliminate or reduce the stressor
- Lessen the force and impact of that particular
challenge
- Whatever we cannot change, we must try to
become numb to
6Examples of Each Type of Adaptation During
Deployment
- Changing yourself mentally or physically
- Become physically stronger
- Become more self-confident
- Become more aggressive
- Neutralizing the stressor
- Look to your leaders and buddies to keep you safe
- Use the right protective gear
- Dont become complacent or take stupid chances
- Making yourself numb to stressors you cant
change - Dont think about danger or loved ones back home
- Dont look at horrors
- Dont let yourself feel sad for brothers who have
fallen
7But What Happens After You Return Home?
- Some of the ways you have changed will have to
change back - For example, you may have to become less
aggressive - Some of the ways you have neutralized the
stressor will be lost after you return - For example, you wont always be surrounded by
buddies any more - The numbness will have to wear off
- For example, you will remember the dangers you
faced, and the losses of friends
- All this takes time, so you have to be patient
8What Are the Most Common Stress Problems After
Deployment?
- Risky and dangerous behavior
- Driving too fast or recklessly
- Thrill seeking
- Alcohol or drug abuse
- Drinking too much or too often
- Using illegal drugs
- Violence
- Getting into fights
- Losing your temper with family or friends
9Substance Use Problems in Soldiers 3-6 Months
After Deployment
These data are from an Army study of Soldiers
and Marines 3-6 mos. after deployment.
10Anger and Violence in Soldiers 3-6 Months
After Deployment
These data are from an Army study of Soldiers
and Marines 3-6 mos. after deployment.
11Stress Injuries Occur When Stress Is Too Intense
or Lasts Too Long
- Injury
- May be more abrupt
- A change from the usual self
- Individual loses control
- Irreversible (though can heal)
- Adaptation
- A gradual process
- Can be traced over time
- Individual remains in control
- Reversible
12Three Types Of Stress Injuries
OVERWHELMING COMBAT OPERATIONAL STRESS
13All Types Of Stress Injuries Usually Get Better
Over Time
TRAUMA
FATIGUE
GRIEF
14What Kind of Events Can Cause Traumatic Stress
Injuries?
- Multi-casualty incidents (SVBIEDs, ambushes)
- Friendly fire
- Death or maiming of children and women
- Seeing gruesome scenes of carnage
- Handling dead bodies and body parts
- Avoidable casualties and losses
- Witnessed or committed atrocities
- Witnessed death/injury of a close friend or
leader - Killing unarmed or defenseless enemy
- Being helpless to defend or counterattack
- Injuries or near misses
- Killing someone up close
15Most Sailors Do Fine Even After Experiencing
Several Traumatic Events
- Just like with physical jolts to the body, you
cant predict who will be injured by a particular
traumatic experience - Just like with physical jolts to the body, it is
never the individual Sailors fault if he/she is
injured - Just like with physical jolts to the body, most
traumatic stress injuries heal on their own
16What Are the Possible Symptoms of Traumatic
Stress Injuries?
- Losing control during and immediately after the
traumatic event - Spacing out, going numb, not thinking clearly
- Shaking uncontrollably
- Snapping and becoming enraged or panicked
- Having a hard time calming yourself down after
the traumatic event (heart pounding, rattled) - Being jumpy, easily startled
- Not sleeping well, having repetitive nightmares
- Troubling memories that you cant stop
- Panic attacks or rage outbursts for no reason
17What Causes Operational Fatigue Injuries?
- Prolonged exposure to operational stress over a
long period of time (or after repeated
deployments) - Depends on the intensity and duration of stress
- Everyone will succumb if stressed long enough
- Caused by an accumulation of small stressors over
time without enough sleep or time off to recover - Hardships, monotony
- Insufficient rest and recuperation
- More common in officers and chiefs than in
younger troops - Old Sergeant's Syndrome
- Can develop without a traumatic event
18What Are the Possible Symptoms of Operational
Fatigue Injuries?
- Anxiety and panic attacks
- Worry, tension, difficulty relaxing
- Heart pounding for no reason Soldiers Heart
- Anger and irritability with no good reason
- Temper outbursts
- Difficulties handling frustrations
- Difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep
- Sadness or loss of interest in life
- Loss of self-confidence
19What Are the Possible Symptoms of Grief?
- Everyone responds to the loss of friends and
loved ones differently - Common grief symptoms include
- Feeling shocked or numb
- Having a hard time believing the person is dead
- Thinking about the dead person all the time
- Difficulty sleeping, or having nightmares
- Feeling very angry at someone/everyone because
they didnt prevent the death - Feeling guilty because you didnt prevent it
- Feeling sad, run-down, and losing interest in life
20How Can Sailors Take Care of Their Stress and
Stress Injuries?
- Be patient with yourself it will take time for
you to adjust to being back home again, and to
heal - Let someone else drive until youre sure you can
handle traffic - Get enough sleep every day (6-8 hours)
- Limit alcohol and avoid drugs (including
caffeine) theyre a trap - Surround yourself with people (buddies, family,
ministers, counselors) who make you feel safe - Get regular, strenuous physical exercise
21How Can Sailors Take Care of Their Stress and
Stress Injuries?
- Avoid situations in which you might lose your
temper - If you need an adrenaline rush, try sports
instead of getting into fights - Tell your story to others you trust but only
after you can do so without getting too upset - Write your experiences down in a journal and
re-read them until they make sense - Stay connected to the people you deployed with
- Honor the friends you have lost, and honor their
families - Seek spiritual connections
22When and How Can Sailors Get Help for Stress and
Stress Injuries?
- Ask for help if your stress symptoms dont
improve over time, or if they get worse - Best places to go first for help
- Unit medical
- Unit chaplain
- Installation FFSC counselors
- Navy OneSource (1-800-540-4123)
- Other resources for help
- Military hospitals and clinics
- TRICARE (www.tricare.osd.mil)
- Veterans Administration hospitals and clinics
- Vet Centers (www.va.gov/rcs)
23Questions?