4.Camera work, editing, sound/music,light/colours

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4.Camera work, editing, sound/music,light/colou
rs

• 4.1 Units of a film
• shot ? scene ? sequence ? film
• 4.2 Camera work
• a) Field sizes
• nearextreme close-up farfull shot
• close-up medium long shot
• close shot long shot
• medium shot extreme long
  shot

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b) Camera angles

• high angle / overhead shot
• normal camera height
• low angle / below shot
• ? can be used for the characterization, e.g.
• a character seen from a low angle seems to
  be
• dominant and dangerous
• c) Point of view ? identification or distance
• subjective camera camera only shows what the
  main character sees (e.g.horror films)
• point-of-view shot
• over-the-shoulder shot
• reverse-angle shot

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d) Camera movement

• pan movement from one side to another
• tilt upwards or downwards movement
• tracking shot camera follows the moving
  characters
• hand camera
• zoom zoom-in ? subject comes closer
• zoom-out ? subject moves farther
  away
• e) Length of shots
• extremely short shots create a feeling of
  rush and panic

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4.3 Editing ( Montage)

• ? the way of linking single shots and scenes
• normal cut
• fade-in
• fade-out
• dissolve
• keyhole cut
• cross-cutting

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4.4 Sound and music

• a) Sounds can influence the spectators
• anticipation, e.g. Jaws
• b) Music
• music on music in the film,
• e.g. Dirty Dancing
• music off film music, not heard by
  characters
• ? used to create emotions
• ? used to create suspense
• ? underscoring of characters
• ( leitmotif)

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4.5 Light and colours

• a) Light
• underexposure ominous atmosphere
• overexposure faces seem coarse
• against the light characters are silhouettes
• spotlights on give the object a special meaning
• shadows eerie atmosphere
• b) Colours
• in different cultures colours symbolize different
  
• things, e.g. white innocence
• black death, the evil
• red blood, danger, sex

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5.Message / interpretation

• Five models of interpreting a film
• literary and film historical interpretation
• ? films playing explicitly with / alluding to /
  spoofing
• previous films
• biographical interpretation
• sociological interpretation
• ? film is analyzed in its historical context
• interpretation specific to the genre
• ? film is analyzed as a western, thriller, love
  story...
• transcultural interpretation
• ? interpretation taking into account foreign
  cultures

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