Bacteria and Archaea: The Prokaryotic Domains

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Bacteria and Archaea The Prokaryotic Domains
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Classification of Organisms

• taxonomy
• reflects evolutionary relationships
• 3 Domains
• ? Kingdoms

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Classification of Organisms

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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Classification of Organisms

• 3 Domains
• Bacteria
• Archaea
• Eukarya

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Classification of Organisms

• Kingdoms
• Domain Bacteria
• Domain Archaea
• Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi,
  Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Animalia

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Prokaryotes

• small
• ubiquitous
• may be
• free-living
• symbiotic

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Characteristics of Prokaryotes

• structure
• unicellular, may be colonial
• diversity of shapes
• average size 1-5?m
• no nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, or
  cytoskeleton

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Characteristics of Prokaryotes

• cell wall
• shape
• peptidoglycan
• gram-positive vs. gram-negative bacteria

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Characteristics of Prokaryotes

• locomotion
• flagella
• filaments under cell wall
• gliding
• taxis

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Reproduction

• only asexual reproduction
• binary fission
• genetic recombination
• transformation
• conjugation
• transduction

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Reproduction

• endospores
• environmental resistance
• last for years to 1000s of years

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Nutrition

• Photoautotrophs
• Chemoautotrophs
• Photoheterotrophs
• Chemoheterotrophs

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Metabolism

• nitrogen metabolism
• nitrogen fixation
• oxygen usage
• obligate anaerobes
• facultative anaerobes
• obligate aerobes

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Domain Archaea

• methanogens
• extreme halophiles
• extreme thermophiles

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Domain Bacteria

• Proteobacteria
• Firmicutes
• Cyanobacteria

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Domain Bacteria

• Spirochetes
• Chlamydias