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Development Through the Lifespan

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Store Model of. Information Processing. Information-Processing ... Becoming a communicator. Joint attention. Give-and-take. Preverbal gestures. Starting to Talk ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Development Through the Lifespan


1
Chapter 5
2
Piagets Theory Schemes
  • Psychological structures
  • Organized ways of making sense of
    __________________
  • Change with age
  • Action-based ________________________
  • Later move to thinking before acting pattern
    creative and deliberate

3
Building Schemes
  • ______________________
  • Building schemes through direct interaction with
    environment
  • ____________________
  • Using current schemes to interpret external world
  • __________________-
  • Adjusting old schemes and creating new ones to
    better fit environment

4
Using Assimilation and Accommodation
  • _________________ and Disequilibrium
  • Use assimilation during equilibrium
  • Disequilibrium prompts accommodation
  • __________________________
  • Internal rearranging and linking schemes

5
Sensorimotor Stage
  • ______________________
  • Building schemes through sensory and motor
    exploration
  • Circular reactions

6
Sensorimotor Substages
7
Object Permanence
  • Understanding that objects _____________________
    when out of sight
  • According to Piaget, develops in Substage 4
  • Not yet complete
  • A-not-B search error

8
Mental Representations
  • Internal, mental depictions of objects, people,
    events, information
  • Can manipulate with mind
  • Allow __________________ and _________________

9
Deferred Imitation
  • Piaget Develops about 18 months
  • Newer research
  • 6 weeks _______________
  • 6 9 months copy
  • actions with objects
  • 12 14 months ____________________________
  • 18 months imitate intended,
  • but not completed, actions

10
Evaluation of the Sensorimotor Stage
11
Core Knowledge Perspective
  • Born with ___________, special-purpose knowledge
    systems
  • Core domains of thought
  • Core domains allow
  • quick grasp of
  • related information
  • Support rapid
  • early development

12
Suggested Domains of Core Knowledge
  • _______________
  • Psychological
  • _______________
  • Numerical

13
Infants Numerical Knowledge
  • Infants may be able to
  • Discriminate quantities up to 3
  • Do _______________________
  • Findings are
  • controversial

14
Store Model of Information Processing
15
Information-Processing Improvements
16
Development of Categorization
  • _________________
  • Based on similar overall appearance or prominent
    part
  • _________________
  • Based on common function or behavior
  • Later add event categories

17
Vygotskys Sociocultural Theory
  • _______________ (other people) contribute to
    cognitive development
  • _______________________ tasks child cannot do
    alone but can learn to do with help of more
    skilled partners

18
Toddler/InfantIntelligence Tests
  • __________________________
  • Cognitive
  • ____________________
  • ______________
  • Social-Emotional
  • Adaptive Behavior
  • HOME
  • Home Observation for Measurement of the
    Environment

19
Meaning of Different IQ Scores
20
Normal Distribution of IQ Scores
21
Signs of DevelopmentallyAppropriate Child Care
  • Adult-child interactions
  • Teacher qualifications
  • Relationships with parents
  • Licensing accreditation
  • ___________________
  • ___________________
  • Caregiver-child ratio
  • _____________________

22
IQ Improvement from Early Intervention Programs
23
Three Theories of Language Development
24
Getting Ready to Talk
  • First speech sounds
  • _________________
  • __________________
  • Becoming a communicator
  • Joint attention
  • Give-and-take
  • Preverbal gestures

25
Starting to Talk
  • First Words
  • ____________________
  • Overextension
  • Two-Word Utterances
  • ________________________

26
Individual Differences in Language Development
  • Environment
  • Child-Directed Speech (CDS)
  • Gender
  • Personality
  • Language Style
  • _________________
  • _______________

27
Supporting Early Language Learning
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