CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 1. Element Any substance that cannot be broken
  down into simpler substance. An element is made
  up of identical atoms. Examples oxygen,
  hydrogen, nitrogen

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 2. Compound Two or more elements bound together.

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 3. Organic A substance containing carbon atoms

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 4. Inorganic A substance not containing carbon
  atoms

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 5. 4 Types of Organic Molecules Carbohydrates,
  Lipids, Proteins, DNA

Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
DNA
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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 6. Carbohydrate Energy rich organic compounds
  named for their characteristic content of carbon,
  hydrogen, and oxygen (C, H, O). Examples
  cellulose, sugars, starches

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 7. a. Energy from Carbohydrates About 4
  kilocalories per gram
• b. Chemical Formula C6H12O6
• c. Structural Fomula -

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 8. Lipids Energy rich organic compounds
  (containing more energy than carbohydrates) that
  contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The human
  body stores fat for future energy needs.
  Examples fats, oils, and waxes. Lipids do not
  dissolve in water (C, H, O).

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 9. a. Energy from Lipids About 8 kilocalories
  per gram
• b. Chemical Formula CH3(CH2)XCOOH
• c. Structural Formula -

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 10. Proteins An organic substance containing
  carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Proteins
  are chains of amino acids. There are 20
  naturally occurring amino acids. Examples
  muscles, collagen, finger nails (keratin),
  enzymes. (C, H, O, N)

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 11. a. Chemical Formula C2H4O2N1 (without R
  group)
• changing the R group gives a different amino
  acid, and thus a different protein
• b. Structural Formula -

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 12. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) An organic
  substance containing carbon, oxygen, hydrogen,
  nitrogen, and phosphorus. It contains the
  instructions to carry out cell processes and
  functions. DNA contains four types of
  nucleotides that pair up to form the genetic
  code.
• (C, H, N, O, P)

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

• 13. Two types of nucleic acids DNA (carries
  genetic information), RNA (used in making
  proteins)

DNA
RNA