Chapter 4: Mental Disorders and Suicide

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Chapter 4Mental Disorders and Suicide

• What Are Mental Disorders?
• Kinds of Mental Disorders
• Suicide
• Treating Mental Disorders

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What Are Mental Disorders?Recognizing Mental
Disorders

• __________ __________ an illness that affects
  the mind and prevents a person from being
  productive, adjusting to life situations, or
  getting along with others.
• Most mental disorders are characterized by
  ____________ thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
  that make people uncomfortable with themselves or
  at odds with others.

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What Are Mental Disorders?Recognizing Mental
Disorders

• Signs of a mental disorder usually occur
  __________ and over a long period of time
• Signs are not always easy to identify
• What is______ behavior in one culture may not be
  in another
• There are more than____ types of mental
  disorders which are recognized

• ___ in ___ children in the US suffer from a
  mental disorder severe enough to cause some level
  of impairment
• Children are defined as those under the age of 18

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAnxiety Disorders

• ___________ ___________is a condition in which
  real or imagined fears are difficult to control.
• Characterized by ________ ________
• People with this disorder often arrange their
  lives to avoid situations that make them feel
  anxious or fearful.
• There are ________main types of anxiety disorders

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAnxiety Disorders

• 1. Phobic Disorder
• _________ Anxiety related to a specific
  situation or object heights, , spiders, etc.
• How might fears affect normal living?

• 2. Panic Disorder
• Has an ___________ feeling of terror feelings
  accompanied by symptoms such as trembling,
  pounding heart, shortness of breath, dizziness.
• This fear gets in the way of a persons ability
  to __________

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Anxiety Disorders

• 3. Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder
• ______________ an idea or thought that takes
  over the mind and cannot be forgotten
• ______________ repeated, irresistible behaviors
• _________ behaviors such as
• Hand washing, counting, cleaning

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Types of Anxiety Disorders

• 4. __________________ stress disorder -
• a condition that may result after exposure to
  a terrifying event that threatened or caused
  physical harm.
• The disorder is common after a personal assault
  ____, ________, __________, ______________,
  _________________.
• Symptoms flashbacks, nightmares, emotional
  numbness, guilt, sleeplessness

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Eating Disorders- Anorexia Nervosa

• Psychological pressures, possible genetic
  factors, and an obsession with body image and
  thinness can lead to an eating disorder.
• ____________ ____________ A serious eating
  disorder in which a person refuses to eat enough
  food to maintain a minimum____________________
• Symptoms
• Extreme loss of body weight
• Intense fear of gaining weight (even when
  underweight)
• Denial of the seriousness of low body weight
• Infrequent of absent menstrual periods (women)
• Avoiding meals
• Intense or excessive exercise as another means of
  controlling weight

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Anorexia Nervosa

• Other Symptoms
• Slowed heart and breathing rates
• Lowered body temperature
• Dry skin
• Growth of fine body hair
• In some cases, a lack of essential minerals may
  cause the heart to stop suddenly, leading to death

• An estimated .5 to 3.7 of females suffer from
  anorexia in their lifetime
• An estimated 5-15 of people with anorexia are
  males

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• _____________ A serious eating disorder in which
  alternates eating binges with purging
• Bulimia is ________ prevalent than Anorexia
• Difficult to diagnose
• Public behavior appears normal
• Bulimic behavior occurs in private
• Most Bulimics do not become__________
  _________________

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• Serious health effects
• Dehydration and kidney failure
• Enamel on teeth erodes
• Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
• Depression leading to suicide or substance abuse

• Symptoms
• Eating uncontrollably
• Using the bathroom frequently after meals
• Bloodshot eyes
• Sore throat
• Weakness/ exhaustion
• Vomiting blood
• Depression/ Mood swings
• Heartburn, bloating, indigestion, constipation

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• Enamel erosion of all teeth
• Increased occurrence of cavities
• Braces and restorations may not stay on teeth

• Teeth become discolored
• Bleeding of the gums
• Physical changes in the mouth are often the 1st
  signs of an eating disorder

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Statistics on Eating Disorders

• The Desire to be Thin
• _____of 1st grade girls want to be thinner
• ______ of 10 year olds are afraid of being fat
• Most models are thinner than ______ of American
  women
• The avg. American woman is 54 and 140lbs.
• The avg. American model is 511 and 117 lbs.

• Dieting
• ______ of 9 and 10 year old girls feel better
  about themselves if they are on a diet
• ______of all dieters regain the lost weight in
  1-5 years
• Americans spend over _____billion on dieting and
  diet products every year

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What to do about a friend that has an Eating
Disorder

• If You Have An Eating Disorder
• ____ someone you trust
• You will need support
• It is an _____________
• If You Do Not Get Help
• Death from malnutrition
• Dangerous heart rhythms
• Dental Problems
• Liver failure
• Hair loss

• Worried about a Friend?
• Express your concern in a loving and supportive
  way
• Tell someone
• Avoid giving simple solutions
• Express your CONTINUED support

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For Additional Information

• National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA)
• www.nationaleatingdisorders.org
• American Dietetic Association (ADA)
• www.eatright.org
• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
• www.nimh.nih.gov
• Teen Health
• www.teenshealth.org

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• ____________ _____________
• A mental disorder in which a persons moods or
  emotions become extreme and interfere with daily
  life.
• It is ____________ to feel depressed in you
  experience an important loss or failure
• The feeling usually lifts after a couple of days
  or weeks and you can get on with your life

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• ___________ _________ A mental disorder in
  which a person is overwhelmed by sad feelings for
  months and stops being able to carry out everyday
  activities
• Can be caused by stressors
• Negative attitudes learned early in life may also
  contribute
• Anyone who shows signs of clinical depression
  should seek help from a parent, teacher, guidance
  counselor, physician, or mental health
  professional.

• Signs of Clinical Depression
• Change in appetite
• With weight loss or gain
• Change in sleep patterns
• Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
• Change in activity level
• Increased or slowed- down
• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
• Loss of energy, feeling tired all the time
• Difficulty thinking or concentrating
• Recurrent thought of death and suicide

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• ___________________
• Shift from one_____________ extreme to another
  for no apparent reason
• During a manic episode
• Overly excited
• Restless
• Rapid talking which is impossible to follow
• Difficulty concentrating
• Show poor judgment
• May over spend on a shopping spree
• May drive recklessly
• Manic episodes alternate with periods of deep
  depression
• May behave normally between periods of extreme
  moods

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SuicideThe Warning Signs

• Same signs as __________
• Loss of energy
• Change in sleep patterns
• Withdrawal from usual activities
• ___________ changes in personality
• Outgoing becomes withdrawn
• Shy person becomes aggressive
• __________ depression
• Actions
• Stops doing things he/ she enjoys
• Gives away belongings
• Decline in school performance

• Things person says
• I dont want to live anymore.
• Theyll be sorry when Im gone.
• Suffered a ______ _______
• Moving to a new place
• Losing boyfriend/ girlfriend
• Friend/ family member dies
• Going through family divorce
• Signs can be ___________
• Someone who has been severely depressed suddenly
  becomes happy and carefree
• May think person is better and over the
  depression
• Why might they really be happy?

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SuicideMyths and Facts

• People who talk about suicide ________ attempt it
• FACT Suicide victims often talk about suicide
  before attempting it
• If you _______ a suicidal person to go ahead and
  do it, the person is not likely to attempt
  suicide
• FACT Daring the suicidal person may only
  convince them that no one cares and may
  strengthen the persons resolve to commit suicide

• Suicidal people are always tired, sad, and
  inactive
• FACT Some suicidal people, teenagers in
  particular, may become overly active and
  aggressive before attempting suicide
• If people try to take their own lives and do not
  succeed, they usually will not try to do it again
• FACT Suicide victims often have a history of
  several suicide attempts

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SuicideMyths and Facts

• If a suicidal person confides in you and makes
  you promise not to tell anyone of his/ her plans
  to commit suicide, it is important to keep the
  secret, NO MATTER WHAT!
• FACT By sharing the secret with a parent,
  teacher, or other responsible adult you may save
  the persons life

• If a depressed, suicidal person suddenly seems
  better, you do not need to worry.
• FACT A suicidal persons sudden shift in mood
  from depressed to happy may indicate that he/ she
  has resolved to commit suicide and needs help
• Suicide attempts should be kept secret because
  the information could ruin a suicidal persons
  future
• FACT The suicidal person may have no future
  unless the person seeks professional help

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SuicideStatistics

• Who dies from suicide more often, men or women?
• More _____ than ________ die from suicide
• Gender ratio is 41
• 73 of all suicides are ______________
• 80 of all _________ suicides are___________
• What is the ______ leading cause of death among
  people aged 15- 24
• _____________

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SuicideHow to Help a Suicidal Person

• DO
• Trust your feelings if you believe the person is
  suicidal
• Take seriously a suicidal persons threats
• Tell the suicidal person how concerned you are
  and how much you care about him/ her
• Talk calmly with the suicidal person show
  interest and compassion
• Find professional help for the suicidal person
• Stay with the suicidal person until help arrives

• DO NOT
• Dare the suicidal person to go ahead and make the
  attempt
• Judge the suicidal person
• Analyze the suicidal persons motives
• Argue or try to convince the suicidal person of
  reasons why he/ she should not attempt suicide
• Keep the suicidal persons self- destructive
  thoughts or actions a secret
• Leave a suicidal person alone

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SuicideHelping Yourself

• If you have been feeling depressed, remember that
  no matter how overwhelming the problems in life
  may seem, _______________________________.
• Knowing some specific symptoms of mental
  disorders can help a person determine if he or
  she should seek help
• - you feel trapped with no way out you worry
  all of the time
• - your feelings affect your sleep, eating
  habits, school work, or relationships
• - Your family and friends express concern about
  your behavior aggressive, violent, reckless
• - you are becoming involved with alcohol/drugs

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Treating Mental Disorders

• Most people wait _____________ to seek help
• Where to find help
• Often, a parent, relative, teacher, school
  counselor, physician, or religious leader can
  tell you about mental health professionals and
  services in your community.
• There are different type of mental health
  professionals that are capable of different
  treatment methods. They may include both
  counseling and a drug treatment plan.
• Asking for help is not a sign of weakness it is
  a sign of strength as it show responsibility for
  ones own wellness.