Tasks for Week 1

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Tasks for Week 1

• First day Wednesday, August 18
• Course overview review syllabus
• Assignment for Monday, August 23
• Read Chapter 1 of Hall - Intro to biomechanics
• Review this powerpoint presentation on courses
  website
• Take Chapter 1 practice exam Textbook website
• Solve baseball/softball problem presented at the
  end of this presentation
• Think about how you would approach solution of
  the problem presented at the end of this
  presentation
• Homework to turn in Monday Identify three
  learning objectives or goals you hope to achieve
  by participating in the class or lab. Then rank
  the goals according to their relative importance
  to you.

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Intro to Biomechanics Objectives

• Define biomechanics, statics, dynamics,
  kinematics and kinetics and explain the ways in
  which they are related.
• Describe the scope of scientific inquiry
  addressed by biomechanists.
• Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative
  approaches for analyzing human movement.
• Describe the major steps to solving formal
  problems
• Explain how to formulate questions for
  qualitative analysis of human movement.

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Terms

• Biomechanics
• Mechanics
• Statics
• Dynamics
• Kinematics
• Kinetics
• Anthropometric Factors

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Studied Problems in Biomechanics

• Locomotion patterns
• Energy cost with specific movements
• Developmental changes in locomotion energetics
  across lifespan
• NASA, microgravity and musculoskeletal system
• Osteoporosis
• Mobility Impairment
• Injury reduction
• Occupational research
• Mechanical analysis of sports technique
• Design and analysis of exercise and sport
  equipment

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Why Study Biomechanics?

• To address problems related to human health and
  performance.
• Useful for
• Phys Ed Teachers
• Physical Therapists
• Physicians
• Coaches
• Personal Trainers
• Exercise Instructors

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Problem-Solving Approach

• Analysis of human movement can be either
• Quantitative or
• Six Meters, Three Seconds, Fifty Turns, Two
  Players, Ten Dollars, etc.
• Qualitative
• Good, Poor, Long, Heavy, Flexed, Rotated, spiffy,
  etc.
• Questions can be either general or specitic

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General Question Examples

• Is the movement being performed with adequate (or
  optimal) force? (for example, foot pushoff in
  walking)
• Is the movement being performed through an
  appropriate range of motion? (for example,
  walking)
• Is the sequencing of body movements appropriate
  (or optimal) for execution of the skill? (for
  example, throwing or hitting)

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Specific Question Examples

• Is there excessive pronation taking place during
  the stance phase of gait?
• Is release of the ball taking place at the
  instant of full elbow extension?
• Does selective strengthening of the vastus
  medialis alleviate mistracking of the patella for
  this person?

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Formal Problems3 components

• 1) a set of given information
• 2) a particular goal, answer, or desired finding
• 3) a set of operations or processes that can be
  used to arrive at the answer from the given
  information

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Solving Formal Quantitative Problems

• 1) Read the problem carefully.
• 2) List the given information.
• 3) List the desired (unknown) information for
  which you are to solve.
• 4) Draw a diagram of the problem situation
  showing the known and unknown information.
• 5) Write down formulas that may be of use.
• 6) Identify the formulae to use.

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Solving Formal Quantitative Problems

• 7) If necessary, reread the problem statement to
  determine whether any additional needed
  information can be inferred
• 8) Carefully substitute the given information
  into the formula.
• 9) Solve the equation to identify the unknown
  variable (the desired information).

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Solving Formal Quantitative Problems

• 10) Check that the answer is both reasonable and
  complete
• 11) Clearly box the answer.
• Note Be sure to provide the correct unit of
  measurement with the answer.

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Problems for Discussion

• Does the softball or baseball hitter have more
  time to react to a pitch? Assume that the
  baseball pitcher throws to home plate (60.5 ft,
  or 18.44 m from pitchers rubber) at a velocity
  of 90 mph (40 m/s) and the softball pitcher
  throws (46 ft, or 14.02 m from pitchers rubber)
  at a velocity of 60 mph (27 m/s).
• A man fell from the railing of a walkway on a
  second-story apartment building. He was found
  lying unconscious on his back with his center of
  mass located 5 feet horizontally from a second
  story walkway and railing. The top of the
  railing was 21.6 ft above the ground. His blood
  alcohol content was found to be .30 (inebriated)
  and he has no memory of how he fell. In order
  to appraise liability for the accident, we need
  to determine if the victim walked into the
  railing or if he was sitting on the railing and
  fell off. Can this be done from the information
  given? How?
• (Hint First, find time of flight, then find
  horizontal velocity, then try to figure out what
  forces were required to obtain this velocity by
  using Newtons law of acceleration (F ma)

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Assignment for Wednesday Monday, August 25 30

• Read Hall, Ch 3
• Take web-based practice exam http//www.mhhe.com/h
  all4e
• Review Powerpoint slides (will be posted by
  Tuesday 500 PM)
• Homework to turn in (Monday)
• Check out one web site related to biomechanics of
  exercise or sport (some are listed on p 25) and
  submit a one-page description of the site that
  includes
• Internet address
• Title or purpose of site who is the intended
  audience?
• Is the site exercise or sport oriented?
• Is information of use to you in any way? If so,
  how? If not, for what type of audience would it
  be of value?
• Self-test Intro problems (pp 80-81)
  1,2,5,6,7,9,10 (select one to do in class)
• Self-test additional problems (p 81) 1,4,5,7)