Disability Statistics in Egypt

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Disability Statistics in Egypt ByDr. Bothaina
EL- Deeb
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Sources of data on disability in Egypt and its
limitation
Sources 1. Censuses 2. Sample Surveys
Population censuses Egypt has a
national census every 10 years since 1907
containing data on disability. The results of
1947, 1960, 1976 and 1996 censuses included data
on disability. The census provides data about the
categories of disabled persons, classified
according to type, age, sex distribution.
Education, work status and occupational status
are also available for disabled persons
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Table 1 Disable Persons and Prevalence per 100
Population by Sex, Egypt in 1947,
1960, 1976 and 1996
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Reasons for the inaccuracy of the results
concerning the disability could be as follows
A- Prevailing customs and traditions, whereby
some families are unable for various social
reasons to admit cases of disability,
particularly when the disabled persons are
females B- The low educational levels of some
families, which makes them unlike to admit that
there are any disabled persons in the family
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C- The failure of the media to explain
disability and the services provided to disable
persons by the community. As a result, the
family has no wish to report the existence of
disable persons because it thinks that to do so
is neither important nor useful D- A lack of
awareness on the part of some of those
responsible for the collection of data with
respect to the importance of accurate
information on the situation, characteristics,
abilities and requirements of disabled persons
in the community. They, therefore, fail to
obtain correct data in this field
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E- The fact that the general population census
questionnaire does not include categories of
disability, which, if include, might affect
the number of disabled persons. These
categories include psychiatric disorders,
epilepsy, learning disabilities, certain
chronic diseases, etc. F- The unclear
definitions and explanations relating to the
categories of disability covered by the
questionnaire.
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Table 2 Percent distribution of Disabled Persons
by Type of Disability in 1996
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Other Sources of Disability in Egypt Table 3
percent distribution of disabled persons by
type of disability, and type- specific
prevalence rates per 100,000 persons,
according to sex, Egypt MCHS 1991
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Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region
       Bahrain 1995 1.5        Bahrain 1991
0.8        Bahrain 1981 1.0        Egypt
1996 0.5        Egypt 1991 1.6        Egypt
1976 0.3     Gaza Strip 1996 2.1        Iraq
1977 0.9
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Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region
    Jordan 1994 1.2     Jordan 1991
2.6 Kuwait 1996 1.1    
Kebebib 1994 1.0     Oman 1995
2.4     Oman 1993
1.9      Palestine 1997 1.8
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Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region 
  Qatar 1998 1.0   Qatar 1996
0.2   
Saudi Arabia 1996 1.6   Syrian
Arab Rep. 1993 0.8   Syrian Arab Rep. 1981
1.0 Syrian Arab Rep. 1970 1.0
United Arab Emirates 1995 1.1 Yemen 1994
0.5
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Disability Statistics in the Caribbean Region
 Aruba 1991 5.5  Bahamas 1990 1.5  Belize
1991 6.6 Bermuda 1991 7.6 Jamaica 1991
4.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1991 7.2
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Disability Statistics in Selected Developed
Countries
   Australia 1998 19.3    Canada
1991 15.5   New Zealand 1996
20.0    United Kingdom 1991 12.2  
United States 1994 15.0    United States
1990 10.0
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Meeting on a Core Set of Census Questions and
Disability Measurement for ESCWA countries
Cairo, 1-12 June 2002
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Objectives of the meetingDisability Measurement
- To agree on a regional common approach to
collect disability data on censuses -
To initiate a dialogue in the region between
census managers and users of disability
statistics on how best a census can be
utilized to collect data on persons with
disabilities
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- To introduce countries to the International
Classification of Functioning, Disability
and Health (ICF) and discuss its use as
conceptual framework for collecting census
data on disability - To introduce the
countries of the region to the work of the
Washington City Group on Disability Statistics
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Recommendations of the Cairo Meeting (1-5) June
2002 on disability statistics
In order to have more accurate data on disability
we need
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Interviewer Training for

•     Improve reporting on disability status
•     Minimize non-response
•     Minimize stereotyping
•     Improve quality of data collected
•     Training in probing techniques

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Sensitivity Training about How to ask questions
on disability

• How to cope with listening to people
• talk about their disability
• Attitude in dealing with persons with
• disabilities-no prejudice

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Issues to be Considered by Interviewers

• Establishing trust is vital for quality
  responses
• Be sensitive to the language you use
• Treat persons with disabilities as you would
  treat anyone else
• Language (Use of negative and derogatory terms)
• Do not make assumptions about a persons
  disability
• Do not make assumptions about the person based
  on their
• observed disability That they can not answer
  questions
• because of the disability

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Questions recommended to be used in the ESCWA
Countries
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Question design

• The question should be phrased in the context
• of health
• The question should relate to each person and
• not to the household in general
• The question should include a reference to a
• duration (long-term disability)
• The wording of the question should relate to
• the Activities/participation outcome

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Conclusions Census Question Question design

• The wording of the question should include
  simple
• language and should avoid the use of negative
  terms
• The term disability should be avoided in the
  formulation
• of the question and in the conversation between
  the
• interviewer and the respondent
• The filter question should be very simple and
  short
• Multiscale response categories should be
  considered

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Conclusions Census Question
In the context of an health condition that lasts
for 6 months or more, does have any difficulty
in performing usual activities?
yes often
yes sometimes no

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Conclusions Census Question
In which area does have this difficulty?
(all that apply)

•  Hearing Speaking
• Seeing Learning
• Moving around
• Self-care
• Other

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Conclusions Census Question
What is the main cause of difficulty?

• Congenital/prenatal
• Diseases/illness
• Injury/accidents/trauma
• Aging
• Other

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Thank you and Happy New Year
Thank you and Happy New Year
Thank you and Happy New Year
Thank you and Happy New Year