Fertilization, Fruit Development

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Fertilization, Fruit Development Dispersal
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General Life Cycle
Fig. 13.17 L in packet
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Gametophyte Development
pollen grains
meiosis
8 nuclei
fertilization
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Fertilization
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Pollen Tube Development
Fig. 23.15
tube-cell nucleus
generative cell and nucleus
2 sperm
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Double Fertilization
embyro sac
ovary
ovary ? fruit
2 polar nuclei
endosperm 3n
ovule
ovule wall ? seed coat
egg
zygote 2n
carpel
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Ripening Process
Sour Green Hard No smell
ethylene
ethylene
Sweet Red Soft Aromatic
ethylene
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Variation in Fruit Types
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Simple, Fleshy Fruit
Drupe
Berry
Pome
Hesperidium
Fig. 23.20
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Simple, Dehiscent, Dry Fruit
Follicle
Legume
Silique
Capsule
Fig. 23.21
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Simple, Indehiscent, Dry Fruit
Achene
Samara
Grain
Nut
Fig. 23.22
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Complex Fruit
Aggregate
Multiple
Fig. 23.23
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Commercial Applications
Ethylene
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Commercial Applications
Gibberellic Acid
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Commercial Applications
Auxin
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Dispersal Importance

• Movement of seed through
• Space
• Away from parent (competition, pathogen
  build-up)
• Into new territory
• Time (dormancy)
• Avoid competition
• Avoid unfavorable environment

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Examples of Animal Dispersed Seeds Fruits
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Examples of Wind Dispersed Seeds Fruit
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Examples of Water Dispersed Seeds Fruit
Coconut
Sea Bean
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Examples of Explosive Dehiscent Fruit Seed
Dispersal
Jewelweed
Impatiens capensis
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Structural Variation in Fruits(Some Examples)
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Lecture Activity

• Write two questions appropriate for the exam
• Identify the objective from the lecture that the
  question evaluates.
• One question should be lower level (list, define,
  name, etc.)
• One question should be higher level (explain,
  analyze, give an example of, etc.
• You may use any lecture from photosynthesis on.

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Pinus aristata
Oldest mother?
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Fruit Oddities
Stinkiest Fruit Once cut open, the durian gives
off such a strong and foul odor that it's banned
on Singaporean subways. The boiled seeds of the
durian are called betons. Southeast Asian origin

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Fruit Oddities
Tree With Most Different Fruit The Guinness
World Record for the highest number of different
fruits produced from the same tree is five
apricot, cherry, nectarine, plum, and peach. The
fruit species were grafted on to a prune tree in
2000 by Luis H. Carrasco E. of Lo Barnechea,
Santiago, Chile.
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Fruit Oddities
The most victorious untreated conker The fruit
of the common horse-chestnut tree (Aesculus
hippocastanum), was a "five thousander plus". It
won The BBC Conker Conquest, broadcast on
television in the UK, in 1954.
Aesculus hippocastanum 18th century print from
the collection of David Lubin Lubin Memorial
Library at FAO