Sumer

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Sumer

• By Gloria and Erica

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Map of Sumer
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Sumers Location

• Sumer is located between the Tigris and Euphrates
  rivers.
• Sumer is in Southeastern Iraq.
• The Persian Gulf and Caspian Sea are near Sumer.
• Sumer is in Europe.
• There are a few city-states in the Sumerian
  Empire, such as Nippur, Uruk, Ur, and Eridu.

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Sumers Government

• The Sumerians lived in many independent
  city-states.
• Each city-state was composed of a chief city with
  its surrounding towns, villages, and farmlands.
• Rival cities often battled for control of land
  and water.
• In each city-state, the ruler was responsible for
  maintaining the city walls and irrigation systems.

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Sumer Agriculture

• Sumerians grew barley, chickpeas, lentils,
  millet, wheat, and much more!
• They raised cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs.
• Sumerian agriculture depended heavily on
  irrigation.
• The irrigation was accomplished by the use of
  shadufs, canals, channels, and more.
• Sumerians harvested during the dry fall season in
  three-person teams consisting of a reaper, a
  binder, and a sheaf arranger.

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Sumer Religion

• The Sumerian religion has varied in practices and
  beliefs
• Each city in Sumer had its own ways of practicing
  the religion.
• Sumer was a polytheistic country and each city
  had its own set of gods.
• Each city had temples, called ziggurats, which
  were made of mud-brick. They were flattened
  pyramids with temples on the top.
• They also believed that the earth was a flat disk
  and was surrounded by a tin dome.
• The rulers of the cities often had religious
  duties.

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The Ziggurat
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Sumers Cultural and Science Contributions

• The Sumerians were the first to use bronze-it
  allowed them to make better tools than before.
• They developed the first pictograph writing
  system which is now called cuneiform.
• The Sumerians also developed mathematics,
  astronomy, and many other sciences.
• Sumerians understood time and had accurate
  calendars that were good for planning
  agriculture.
• They also developed the potters wheel, sail boat
  and seed plow.

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Our Awesome Credits!!

• Directors Gloria Voelker and Erica Linderman
• Researchers Gloria Voelker and Erica Linderman
• Made in Twinsburg, Ohio- Dodge Intermediate
  School
• Company G.E.S.S Inc.
• THE END!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!