Chapter 7 Essentials of Molecular Biology

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Chapter 7 Essentials of Molecular Biology
Genes and Gene Expression
DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Transcription
Translation
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FINAL ROUND
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression100 Question

• Question Which strand on the DNA will be used to
  produce the mRNA molecule when transcription
  occurs?
• a. the 5 to 3 strand
• b. the 3 to 5 strand
• c. the 5 to 5 strand
• d. the 3 to 3 strand

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 100 Answer

• Question Which strand on the DNA will be used to
  produce the mRNA molecule when transcription
  occurs?
• a. the 5 to 3 strand
• b. the 3 to 5 strand
• c. the 5 to 5 strand
• d. the 3 to 3 strand

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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 200 Question

• Question Which of the following statements
  describes the central dogma of molecular biology?
  
• a. DNA makes RNA makes protein
• b. RNA makes DNA makes protein
• c. Protein makes DNA makes RNA
• d. Protein makes RNA makes DNA

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 200 Answer

• Question Which of the following statements
  describes the central dogma of molecular
  biology?
• a. DNA makes RNA makes protein
• b. RNA makes DNA makes protein
• c. Protein makes DNA makes RNA
• d. Protein makes RNA makes DNA

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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression300 Question

• Question Which of the following statements is
  true?
• a. during replication, DNA is duplicated
  producing two double helices
• b. during replication, DNA is duplicated
  producing four double helices
• c. during transcription, DNA is duplicated
  producing two double helices
• d. during transcription, DNA is duplicated
  producing four double helices

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 300 Answer

• Question Which of the following statements is
  true?
• a. during replication, DNA is duplicated
  producing two double helices
• b. during replication, DNA is duplicated
  producing four double helices
• c. during transcription, DNA is duplicated
  producing two double helices
• d. during transcription, DNA is duplicated
  producing four double helices

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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 400 Question

• Question The protein molecule is labeled, from
  left to right, _______________.
• a. 5 and 3
• b. 3 and 5
• c. NH2 and COOH
• d. COOH and NH2

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 400 Answer

• Question The protein molecule is labeled, from
  left to right, _______________.
• a. 5 and 3
• b. 3 and 5
• c. NH2 and COOH
• d. COOH and NH2

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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 500 Question

• Question Which of the following processes does
  NOT occur in the nucleus?
• a. DNA replication
• b. transcription
• c. translation
• d. RNA processing

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Genes and Gene Expression 500 Answer

• Question Which of the following processes does
  NOT occur in the nucleus?
• a. DNA replication
• b. transcription
• c. translation
• d. RNA processing

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Topic 2 DNA Structure100 Question

• Question All of the following about the
  structure of RNA are correct except
  _______________.
• a. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid
• b. RNA is single stranded
• c. RNA contains the bases C, G, A and T
• d. RNA contains the sugar ribose

ANSWER
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Topic 2 DNA Structure 100 Answer

• Question All of the following about the
  structure of RNA are correct except
  _______________.
• a. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid
• b. RNA is single stranded
• c. RNA contains the bases C, G, A and T
• d. RNA contains the sugar ribose

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Topic 2 DNA Structure 200 Question

• Question Deoxyribose (in DNA) has a
  _______________ group on the _______________
  carbon. a. hydrogen 2
• b. hydroxyl 2
• c. hydroxyl 3
• d. a and b
• e. a and c

ANSWER
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Topic 2 DNA Structure 200 Answer

• Question Deoxyribose (in DNA) has a
  _______________ group on the _______________
  carbon. a. hydrogen 2
• b. hydroxyl 2
• c. hydroxyl 3
• d. a and b
• e. a and c

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Topic 2 DNA Structure 300 Question

• Question Cytosine and guanine join together by
  _______________.
• a. 2 hydrogen bonds
• b. 3 hydrogen bonds
• c. 2 phosphodiester bonds
• d. 3 phosphodiester bonds

ANSWER
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Topic 2 DNA Structure 300 Answer

• Question Cytosine and guanine join together by
  _______________.
• a. 2 hydrogen bonds
• b. 3 hydrogen bonds
• c. 2 phosphodiester bonds
• d. 3 phosphodiester bonds

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Topic 2 DNA Structure 400 Question

• Question The structure of the two strands of DNA
  can be described as _______________.
• a. complementary and parallel
• b. complementary and antiparallel
• c. not complementary and parallel
• d. not complementary and antiparallel

ANSWER
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Topic 2 DNA Structure 400 Answer

• Question The structure of the two strands of DNA
  can be described as _______________.
• a. complementary and parallel
• b. complementary and antiparallel
• c. not complementary and parallel
• d. not complementary and antiparallel

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Topic 2 DNA Structure 500 Question

• Question Which of the following are examples of
  purines?
• a. guanine and thymine
• b. adenine and thymine
• c. guanine and cytosine
• d. adenine and guanine

ANSWER
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Topic 2 DNA Structure 500 Answer

• Question Which of the following are examples of
  purines?
• a. guanine and thymine
• b. adenine and thymine
• c. guanine and cytosine
• d. adenine and guanine

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Topic 3 DNA Replication 100 Question

• Question Which of the following lists contains a
  word that does not pertain to DNA replication?
• a. leading strand, ligase, DNA polymerase
• b. lagging strand, primer, helicase
• c. single-strand binding protein, replication
  fork, promoter
• d. DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, ligase

ANSWER
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Topic 3 DNA Replication 100 Answer

• Question Which of the following lists contains a
  word that does not pertain to DNA replication?
• a. leading strand, ligase, DNA polymerase
• b. lagging strand, primer, helicase
• c. single-strand binding protein, replication
  fork, promoter
• d. DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I,
  ligase

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Topic 3 DNA Replication 200 Question

• Question If primase were mutated, what would be
  the most significant effect on DNA replication?
• a. no synthesis of RNA
• b. the DNA helix could not fully unwind
• c. the DNA helix would reanneal
• d. the pieces of DNA on the lagging strand
  could not be ligated together
• e. DNA polymerase could not dimerize

ANSWER
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Topic 3 DNA Replication 200 Answer

• Question If primase were mutated, what would be
  the most significant effect on DNA replication?
• a. no synthesis of RNA
• b. the DNA helix could not fully unwind
• c. the DNA helix would reanneal
• d. the pieces of DNA on the lagging strand
  could not be ligated together
• e. DNA polymerase could not dimerize

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Topic 3 DNA Replication 300 Question

• Question Which of the following statements
  concerning DNA replication are incorrect?
• a. replication uses deoxyribonucleotides
• b. in replication, both strands of the DNA are
  used
• c. replication requires a primer
• d. in replication, there is unidirectional
  synthesis of the DNA

ANSWER
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Topic 3 DNA Replication 300 Answer

• Question Which of the following statements
  concerning DNA replication are incorrect?
• a. replication uses deoxyribonucleotides
• b. in replication, both strands of the DNA are
  used
• c. replication requires a primer
• d. in replication, there is unidirectional
  synthesis of the DNA

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Topic 3 DNA Replication 400 Question

• Question What of the following enzymes has 5
  3 exonuclease activity?
• a. DNA polymerase I
• b. DNA polymerase III
• c. helicase
• d. ligase

ANSWER
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Topic 3 DNA Replication 400 Answer

• Question What of the following enzymes has 5
  3 exonuclease activity?
• a. DNA polymerase I
• b. DNA polymerase III
• c. helicase
• d. ligase

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Topic 3 DNA Replication 500 Question

• Question DNA polymerase III adds new
  deoxynucleotides to the _______________ end(s) of
  the existing DNA strand.
• a. 5
• b. 3
• c. both 5 and 3
• d. neither 5 nor 3

ANSWER
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Topic 3 DNA Replication 500 Answer

• Question DNA polymerase III adds new
  deoxynucleotides to the _______________ end(s) of
  the existing DNA strand.
• a. 5
• b. 3
• c. both 5 and 3
• d. neither 5 nor 3

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Topic 4 Transcription 100 Question

• Question Which of the following is a signal for
  the initiation of transcription?
• a. AUG codon
• b. origin of replication
• c. sigma factor recognizes the promoter
• d. sigma factor recognizes the operator

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Transcription 100 Answer

• Question Which of the following is a signal for
  the initiation of transcription?
• a. AUG codon
• b. origin of replication
• c. sigma factor recognizes the promoter
• d. sigma factor recognizes the operator

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Topic 4 Transcription 200 Question

• Question The RNA produced from the DNA
  transcript in transcription goes from
  _______________ when reading from left to right.
• a. 3 to 5
• b. 5 to 3
• c. amino to carboxyl
• d. carboxyl to amino

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Transcription 200 Answer

• Question The RNA produced from the DNA
  transcript in transcription goes from
  _______________ when reading from left to right.
• a. 3 to 5
• b. 5 to 3
• c. amino to carboxyl
• d. carboxyl to amino

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Topic 4 Transcription 300 Question

• Question Which of the following sequences is the
  consensus sequence for the -35 region of the
  promoter in bacteria?
• a. TTGACA
• b. TATAAT
• c. GGCCAATCT
• d. ACTAG

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Transcription 300 Answer

• Question Which of the following sequences is the
  consensus sequence for the -35 region of the
  promoter in bacteria?
• a. TTGACA
• b. TATAAT
• c. GGCCAATCT
• d. ACTAG

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Topic 4 Transcription 400 Question

• Question Which of the following causes
  termination of transcription?
• a. reaching a stop codon
• b. the Shine Delgarno sequence
• c. stem loop structure in the RNA followed by
  a string of Us
• d. the KOZAK box

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Transcription 400 Answer

• Question Which of the following causes
  termination of transcription?
• a. reaching a stop codon
• b. the Shine Delgarno sequence
• c. stem loop structure in the RNA followed by
  a string of Us
• d. the KOZAK box

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Topic 4 Transcription 500 Question

• Question A group of related genes that are
  transcribed together to give a single
  polycistronic mRNA is called a(n)
  _______________.
• a. operator
• b. repressor
• c. operon
• d. inducer

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Transcription 500 Answer

• Question A group of related genes that are
  transcribed together to give a single
  polycistronic mRNA is called a(n)
  _______________.
• a. operator
• b. repressor
• c. operon
• d. inducer

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Topic 5 Translation100 Question

• Question Initiation of protein synthesis in
  prokaryotes requires _______________.
• a. Shine-Dalgarno sequence and AUG codon
• b. Kozak box and AUG codon
• c. sigma factor of RNA polymerase
• d. stem loop structure in the RNA

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Translation 100 Answer

• Question Initiation of protein synthesis in
  prokaryotes requires _______________.
• a. Shine-Dalgarno sequence and AUG codon
• b. Kozak box and AUG codon
• c. sigma factor of RNA polymerase
• d. stem loop structure in the RNA

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Topic 5 Translation 200 Question

• Question Which of the following results in
  termination of protein synthesis in prokaryotes?
• a. Rho factor
• b. sigma factor of RNA polymerase
• c. stem loop structure followed by a string of
  Us
• d. stop codon

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Translation 200 Answer

• Question Which of the following results in
  termination of protein synthesis in prokaryotes?
• a. Rho factor
• b. sigma factor of RNA polymerase
• c. stem loop structure followed by a string of
  Us
• d. stop codon

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Topic 5 Translation 300 Question

• Question The mRNA contains the _______________
  and binds with the tRNA, which contains the
  _______________.
• a. anticodon codon
• b. codon anticodon
• c. amino acid codon
• d. amino acid anticodon

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Translation 300 Answer

• Question The mRNA contains the _______________
  and binds with the tRNA, which contains the
  _______________.
• a. anticodon codon
• b. codon anticodon
• c. amino acid codon
• d. amino acid anticodon

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Topic 5 Translation 400 Question

• Question Which of the following steps in
  translation requires ATP and not GTP?
• a. formation of the initiation complex
• b. dissociation of the ribosome subunits
• c. the charging of the amino acid onto the
  tRNA
• d. peptide bond formation

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Translation 400 Answer

• Question Which of the following steps in
  translation requires ATP and not GTP?
• a. formation of the initiation complex
• b. dissociation of the ribosome subunits
• c. the charging of the amino acid onto the
  tRNA
• d. peptide bond formation

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Topic 5 Translation 500 Question

• Question If there is a mutation in the 3rd base
  in the mRNA, this will _______________ change the
  protein produced.
• a. sometimes
• b. always
• c. never

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Translation 500 Answer

• Question If there is a mutation in the 3rd base
  in the mRNA, this will _______________ change the
  protein produced.
• a. sometimes
• b. always
• c. never

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FINAL ROUND Question

• Question If the sequence on the DNA is
  3TACCGAUCGCAG5, then what would be the sequence
  of amino acids produced?
• a. Met-Ser-Ala-Asp
• b. His-Ser-Ala-Asp
• c. Asp-Ala-Ser-His
• d. Met-Val-Ser-Ala
• e. Met-Ala-Ser-Val

ANSWER
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FINAL ROUND Answer

• Question If the sequence on the DNA is
  3TACCGAUCGCAG5, then what would be the sequence
  of amino acids produced?
• a. Met-Ser-Ala-Asp
• b. His-Ser-Ala-Asp
• c. Asp-Ala-Ser-His
• d. Met-Val-Ser-Ala
• e. Met-Ala-Ser-Val

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