The Cell

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The Cell

• Brittany Wong
• Courtney Jee
• Ross Leader
• John Howard

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• Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane protects the cell. It is mainly
  made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Two
  major functions of the cell membrane are
• selective permeability - Allows certain
  substances in and out of the cell.
• signal transduction Relays information to the
  cell from the outside environment.

The cell membrane is a bilayer (double layer).
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Cytoplasm

• The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance also
  known as cytosol.
• It protects all organelles and provides a
  cytoskeleton for the cell.

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The Nucleus
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• The nucleus is the brain of the cell.
• Inside is the nucleolus which creates ribosomes.
  Chromatin can also be found inside the nucleus.
  
• The nucleus is protected by a double-layered
  envelope which has nuclear pores for ribosomes to
  leave the nucleus.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

• The ER is a network that transports molecules
  within the cell.
• Rough Covered in ribosomes which produce
  protein. It transports protein around the cell.
• Smooth Not covered in ribosomes. It produces
  lipids.

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Golgi Apparatus

• A stack of flattened membrane sacs that delivers
  proteins created on ribosomes.
• The proteins are altered and formed into
  transport vesicles to release its contents in and
  out of the cell.

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Mitochondria

• The power house of the cell.
• Composed of fluid-filled sacs that move through
  the cytoplasm and reproduce by division.
• Contains cristae needed for aerobic respiration.
  

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Lysosomes

• The garbage disposals of the cell.
• They contain powerful enzymes that clean out
  the cell.
• They also get rid of the old used up cell parts.

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Cloning

• The nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell is
  removed.
• An adult donor cell is taken and starved until
  it enters the same state as the egg.
• The cells are moved together and given an
  electric shock which fuses them together. The
  donor cells nucleus now controls both cells.

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Cloning

• The egg is placed in a sheep oviduct for about
  6 days.
• The embryo is removed after 6 days and placed
  in adult mother ewe.
• After maturing normally inside the ewe, the
  clone is born.