Renewable Energy Sources in Republic of Croatia:

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Renewable Energy Sources in Republic of Croatia
Current Status and Future Activities
University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical
Engineering and Computing J.J. Strossmayer
University of Osijek Faculty of Electrical
Engineering
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Contents

• Current RES situation
• RES potentials
• Legal framework for RES use
• Financial framework for RES use
• Barriers to RES development
• Possibilities for cooperation
• University of Osijek
• University of Zagreb

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Current RES situation in Croatia

• total primary energy consumed in 2003 was equal
  to about 400 PJ
• the share of RES was about 16 - hydro power
  plants about 12, and traditional use of biomass
  about 4

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Current RES situation in Croatia, II

• RES share in total primary energy supply

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Current RES situation in Croatia, III

• 52 of available electricity generating
  capacities in hydro power plants
• 2071 MW totally installed in hydro power plants,
  out of which 24,23 MW in small hydro power plants
• 15 small hydro plants in operation
• the majority is being owned by the Croatian
  electric utility, 3 are privately owned and 2 are
  owned by the industry
• in addition to hydro power plants, there is no
  larger share of RES in electricity production

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Current RES situation in Croatia, IV

• RES share in total electricity production, with
  HPP

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Current RES situation in Croatia, V

• RES share in total electricity production,
  without HPP

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RES potentials in Croatia

• Croatia has very good potentials for RES!
• small HPP - technical potential is assessed to
  177 MW from 350 possible locations
• solar energy - no official statistics about use
  solar energy, neither for heat nor electricity
  production, only small scale production
  technical potential is assessed to 777 TWh
• biomass - few co-generation plants within wood
  industry technical potential is assessed to 39
  PJ, originate from agricultural activities and
  wood industry
• geothermal - used for water and space heating in
  several recreational and health objects -
  potential is assessed to 839 MWt and 47,9 MWe

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RES potentials in Croatia, II

• the largest interest currently is in wind energy
  use
• only one wind power plant in operation a 6 MW
  wind park at the island of Pag for which a power
  purchase agreement has been signed by the
  investor and the Croatian electric utility
• similar agreement has been signed for a wind
  power plant Krtolin near ibenik (5 MW) as well
  as a wind power plant near Obrovac (10 MW)
• wind potential assessed in 29 locations is about
  400 MW and electricity production capacity 800
  GWh per year

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Legal framework for RES use

• legal framework was set in 2001 by adoption of
  five energy laws second step was undertaken in
  2004
• the main legislative document for Croatian energy
  sector is Energy Law
• the Energy Law provides that compensations for
  encouragement of renewable energy sources and
  cogeneration will be payable as part of both
  regulated and free energy price for all forms of
  energy
• an incentive price is specified in the tariff
  system which will be adopted by the Government of
  the Republic of Croatia

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Legal framework for RES use, II

• by the new Electricity Market Law transmission
  system operator is obliged to take over the
  electricity produced from renewable sources and
  cogeneration
• decision on minimal share of RES in electricity
  consumption has not been passed yet
• targets for new RES use will have to be set
  within the negotiations prior to becoming an EU
  member country
• currently, two different targets are being
  considered
• 4,5 of the total electricity consumption in 2010
  or
• 6 of the total consumption

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Financial framework for RES use

• Fund for Environment Protection and Energy
  Efficiency was established in 2003
• financing is based on the 'polluter pays'
  principle
• RES are part of energy efficiency area
• the Fund will support the use of various RES as
  well as education, research, development and
  demonstration of renewables
• total expenditures for RES projects in 2005 will
  amount to about 27 million HRK (around 3,6 mill
  )
• Croatian Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  has established loan programmes for environmental
  protection, energy efficiency and renewable
  energy sources projects

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Main barriers to RES development

• usual high up-front costs and uncertainties
  connected to the energy system liberalization
• non existence of secondary legislation
• insufficient favourable financing opportunities
• lack of confidence within private bank sector
• non-experienced local companies
• Need for research, development and stronger
  promotion the role of Universities!

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University of Osijek
Faculty of Electrical Engineering

• established in 1978
• The Faculty has 5 departments
• Department of Power Engineering and Electric
  Machines
• Educational Activities of Power System Group
• Power System Operation
• Power Systems Control
• Power Systems Protection
• Switchgear facilities
• High Voltage Engineering

Electrical Power Engineering Power System
Reliability and Stability Power Plants and Energy
Conversions Renewable Energy Sources Energy and
Environment
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University of Osijek

• International Cooperation
• Faculty of Electrical Engineering has
  established good co-operation with other
  faculties, junior colleges and institutes in
  Croatia and abroad.
• -Hochschule Bremen, Fachbereich Elektrotechnik,
  Germany
• -Universitaet des Saarlandes, Saarbruecken,
  Germany
• -Universitaet Passau, Fakultaet fuer Mathematik
  und Informatik, Germany
• -Technische Universitaet Graz, Austria
• -Internationales Begegnungs-und
  Forschungszentrum fuer Informatik, Dagstuhl
• -Janus Pannonius University, Pollack Mihaly
  College of Engineerig, Pecs, Hungary
• -Slovak Technology University, Faculty of
  Electrical
• Engineering and Information Technology,
  Bratislava, Slovakia
• -European EMTP-ATP Users Group e.V. Osnabrueck,
  Germany.
• -Leonardo Power Qualty Initiative

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University of Osijek

• A specific type of the international co-operation
  is a scientific conference "Science for Practice
  started in 1985, as a result of the initiative of
  the Hochschule Bremen and the Faculty in Osijek.
  6 faculties are now associated into a
  co-operation network - faculties from Bremen,
  Schweinfurt (GER), Osijek (CRO), Pecs, Budapest
  (HU) and Subotica (SCG).
• At moment there are 8 research project of
  Ministry of Science at the Faculty. Department of
  Power Engineering and Electric Machines Projects
  are
• 1. Chaotic Behavior of Electrical Circuits
• 2. Power System Reliability in Deregulated
  Electricity Market Conditions
• Department has an ongoing extensive co-operation
  
  with Croatian National Grid Company, HEP
  
  (more than 50 projects over 10 years, 4 at the
  moment).

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University of Zagreb
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing

• established in 1956
• 11 departments - Power System Department
• Educational Activities

Electrical Power Engineering Energy conversion
technologies Nuclear and thermal power plants.
Engineering Reliability and Safety Energy and
Environment
Power System Planning Power Systems Control
Power Systems Protection Switchgear facilities
High Voltage Engineering
37Undergraduate Courses 19Post-Graduate Courses
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University of Zagreb
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing

• Research Groups
• Distribution group (CADDiN)
• Transmission group
• Control Protection
• Energy - Ecology - Economy (3e)
• Risk Reliability (2r)
• Nuclear group

• Environmental and economic assessment of
  different power generating strategies
• Environmental impacts of electricity generation
• Sustainable power system planning
• Energy efficiency
• Renewable energy sources
• Electricity market liberalisation

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University of Zagreb
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing

• International Cooperation
• Cooperation with Norwegian Institute for Energy
  Technology (IFE) and The Norwegian University
  of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim
  within the Norwegian Cooperation Programme with
  South-East Europe The project title is Post
  graduate studies in energy efficiency and
  environment at the University of Zagreb
• The Virtual Balkan Power Center for Advance of
  Renewable Energy Sources in Western Balkans
  project within EU Framework Programme 6

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Contacts University of Osijek Damir
ljivac mailto sljivac_at_etfos.hr phone 385
(0)31 224 614 University of Zagreb Vesna
Bukarica mailto vesna.bukarica_at_fer.hr phone
385 (0)1 6129 986
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• Thank you for your attention!