Cellular Respiration

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Cellular Respiration

• Getting Energy to make ATP!

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Plant Energy vs. Animal Energy

• What would we look like if we had chlorophyll in
  our skin?
• What if all our energy was from photosynthesis?
• Luckily, it isnt! Our mitochondria break down
  materials to give us energy!

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Cellular Respiration

• Where? MITOCHONDRIA
• What? BREAKS DOWN FOOD TO MAKE ATP
• How? 1) GLYCOLYSIS
• 2) CITRIC ACID CYCLE
• 3) ELECTRON TRANSPORT
• CHAIN
• Why? TO GET ENERGY in the form of
• ATP!!!!

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O2D2-Hehe-a little Star Wars humorget it? R2D2

• ANAEROBIC-no oxygen required
• GLYCOLYSIS
• AEROBIC-oxygen required
• CITRIC ACID CYCLE
• ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

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GLYCOLYSIS - glycolysis

• Where? Cytoplasm
• What? A series of chemical reactions that
  break down glucose
• How? Breaks down glucose into 2 molecules of
  pyruvic acid
• Why? To make pyruvic acid, ATP, and
• NADH!
• p. 238

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This is important.
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Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

• Where? Mitochondria
• What? Breaks down acetyl-CoA to form
  ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2
• Why? Drives ETC to make huge
• amounts of ATP!!!
• p. 239

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ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

• Where? Inner membrane of mitochondria
• What? Energized electrons move from protein
  to protein to O2
• How? NADH and FADH2 give up electrons
• Why? To make 32 ATP!!!
• p.240

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ATP FROM 1 GLUCOSE MOLECULE
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FERMENTATION

• When? When cells are short on oxygen
• What? Anaerobic process that follows
• glycolysis until oxygen is available.
• How? Lactic Acid Fermentation (muscles)
  Alcoholic Fermentation (Yeast)
• Why? To produce ATP when oxygen is low

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Brewing Industry
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Bread Making
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hotos/baking.jpg
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Sprinting
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FERMENTATION(ITS ANAEROBIC!)

• LACTIC ACID
• Glucose
• Pyruvic Acid
• Lactic Acid 2ATP
• Occurs in bacteria, plants, and animals
• Results in muscle fatigue and soreness

• ALCOHOLIC
• Glucose
• Pyruvic Acid
• Alcohol 2ATP
• CO2
• Yeast do it

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A Comparison Chart, p.241
Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation Cellular respiration
Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid 2 ATP Glucose Pyruvic acid CO2 alcohol 2 ATP Glucose Pyruvic acid CO2 H2O 38 ATP
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Other Products of Fermentation

• Sauerkraut (fermented cabbage)
• Kim chi (Korean fermented cabbage)
• Yogurt (fermented milk)
• Soy sauce
• Sour cream
• Buttermilk