Stuff

1
Stuff

• Raw materials?
• Other ingredients?
• Living/Non-living or synthetic?
• Processes?
• Energy sources?
• Quantities? Measurements?

2
What is Chemistry?

• The science of matter
• What is matter?
• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies
  space

3
Measurements and Units

• Why do we need measurements?
• International System of Units (SI)
• Other units- Metric system, English system
• Table 1.4 for base and some derived units
• Prefixes Table 1.5

4
Numbers in Chemistry

• Handle large and small numbers
• Avogadros number- 6.02 1023 or
  602000000000000000000000
• Scientific notation or exponential notation
• M 10n
• M - digital number equal to or greater than 1 and
  less than 10
• n - power of 10

5
Exponential numbers

• Addition and subtraction
• same power of 10 (n), conventional operation with
  M
• Multiplication and division
• conventional operation with M, powers (n) added
  in multiplication, subtracted in division
  operations

6
Significant figures

• Uncertainties with numbers- significant figures
  specify the accuracy
• Last digit can have an uncertainty associated
  (usually 1)
• Table 1.3 for rules

7
Operations with SF

• Addition, subtraction
• Number of digits retained to the right of decimal
  place in the number in the calculation with the
  fewest such digits
• Multiplication, division
• Number of sig. fig. in final answer in the
  number in calculation with the fewest sig. fig.
• Rounding off (digit to be dropped off)- equal to
  or greater than 5

8
Reading Assignment

• Self-study sections 1.1-1.5
• Revise sections 1.6-1.8

9
Units

• Units of Mass
• Units of Length
• Units of Volume
• Temperature Scales
• Fahrenheit
• Kelvin
• Celsius
• Rankin (not that common)

10
Conversion

• Factor unit method or dimensional analysis
• kg ? lb
• g/mL ? lb/gal
• tons ? lb