Overview: Windows 98

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OverviewWindows 98
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Windows 98 OverviewSoftware

• System Software
• Helps the user to operate the computer system
• Examples DOS, UNIX, MAC O/S, Windows 98
• Application Software
• Programs that help the user to perform a specific
  task
• Examples Word, Excel and Access

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Windows 98 OverviewAdvantages of Windows 98

• Windows 98 is a graphical user interface that
  uses icons to represent activities, features and
  programs.
• The common user interface makes it easy to learn
  new programs.
• Many windows can be open at once, so you can
  switch between applications, which enhances
  productivity.

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Windows 98 OverviewTerminology

• Application Software - Software designed to help
  you accomplish a task, such as creating a letter
• Graphical User Interface (GUI) - A design that
  uses icons to represent activities, features and
  programs
• Operating System - System software that provides
  the interface between the user and the computer

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Windows 98 OverviewTerminology

• Program - A set of instructions that directs the
  computer to process information a.k.a. Software
• System Software - Programs that coordinate the
  operation of the various computer hardware
  components, oversee the processing of
  applications and input and output of the system
• Window - a rectangular box used to display
  information and other programs

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End ofOverview
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Windows 98Lab 1Windows 98Basic Skills
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Competencies
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Competencies

• After completing this lab, you will know how to
• 1. Start a computer load Windows 98.
• 2. Use a mouse.
• 3. Use menus.
• 4. Start and use the Help program.
• 5. Use a scroll bar.

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Competencies

• After completing this lab, you will know how to
• 6. Use text and dialog boxes.
• 7. Open multiple windows.
• 8. Move, size and arrange windows.
• 9. Check disk properties and contents.
• 10. Change icon views.

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Competencies

• After completing this lab, you will know how to
• 11. Arrange icons.
• 12. Shut down Windows 98.

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Part 1
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Concept 1The Operating System

• The Three Main Functions
• 1. Control Hardware
• 2. Manage Information
• 3. Run Application Software

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Loading Windows 98

• Turn on the power switch.
• Turn on and adjust the monitor.
• Key in user name and password if you are on a
  network.
• Press Alt F4 or click the close button to
  close the Welcome window, if necessary.

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Concept 2The Desktop

• It is the opening screen for Windows 98.
• It provides quick access to programs and files.
• Pictures, called icons represent objects on the
  desktop.
• Frequently used items should be placed on the
  desktop for easy access.

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The Desktop
Desktop Icons
Quick Launch Toolbar
Taskbar
Clock
Start Button
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Initial Desktop Icons
Icon Description My Computer Used to browse and
manage items on a disk My Documents A location
where documents you create using an application
program are stored on a disk Recycle Bin Holds
deleted items you can permanently delete or
restore
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Initial Desktop Icons
Icon Description Internet Explorer Starts
Internet Explorer or the associated Web
browser My Briefcase Used to transfer information
between a desktop and portable computer Outlook
Express Accesses e-mail
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Desktop Views

• Web Style View - Assumes the look and feel of the
  Internet Explorer program. Icons appear as
  underlined hyperlinks and related items can be
  accessed with a single click.
• Classic Style View - The standard desktop view in
  Windows 95. Icons are not displayed as hyperlinks
  and must be double-clicked.

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The Taskbar

• The Start button, at the far-left edge of the
  taskbar is used to open programs and documents,
  get help, change settings and find files.
• Task buttons represent open applications and can
  be used to switch between open tasks.
• The clock at the right edge displays the current
  time. Buttons to the left represent programs
  automatically started with Windows 98 and running
  in the background.
• Toolbars can be displayed on the taskbar to
  represent easy access to programs or features
  such as the Internet Explorer or the desktop.

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8 The Mouse 8

• A pointing device used to select on-screen items
• The pointer shape indicates the type of activity
  as follows
• An arrow indicates normal selection activity.
• A pointing finger indicates link select.
• An hourglass indicates that the system is busy.
• A slashed circle indicates an area that is not
  available.
• A arrow with a question mark displays help.
• Double-headed arrows indicate that you can size a
  window.

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Mouse Actions

• Point - Move the mouse so the mouse pointer is
  positioned on the item you want to use.
• Click - Press and release the mouse button one
  time. Usually, this refers to the left mouse
  button.
• Double-click - Click the left mouse button
  rapidly two times.
• Drag - Move the mouse while holding down a button.

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ToolTips

• ToolTips display a brief description of the item
  you are pointing to.
• Desktop icons and toolbar buttons will display
  ToolTips.

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Using The Menu

• The Start menu items are
• Item Used to
• Programs Start programs
• Favorites Open your favorite Web sites or folders
• Documents Open recently used documents
• Settings Change or view the computer system
  settings
• Find Search for documents, Web pages and people

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Using The Menu

• The Start menu items are
• Item Used to
• Run Start a program by specifying the name and
  location
• Log Off Log off the computer so someone else can
  use it
• Shut Down Shut down or restart the computer

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Concept 3 Menu

• A menu is a method you use to tell a program what
  to do.
• The two types of menus are
• Menu Bars - displayed across the top of the
  screen in an application. Clicking a menu item
  displays a list of related commands
• Shortcut menus - displayed when you right-click
  an item

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Concept 3 MenuThe following features are common
in many menus
Feature Meaning Ellipses () A dialog box will be
displayed Right triangle A cascading menu will be
displayed Shortcut key A key or key combination
alternative to the menu command
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Concept 3 MenuThe following features are common
in many menus
Feature Meaning Check Mark A toggle command that
is on when checked and off when not
checked Bullet The commands are mutually
exclusive and only the bulleted command is
selected Scroll arrows Appear at the bottom or
top of a list so you can scroll to bring
additional topics into view
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Starting the Help Program

• Open the Start menu.
• Click Help.
• The Windows 98 Help window will be displayed on
  the desktop.

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Concept 3 Window

• A window is a rectangular section of the screen
  that is used to display information and other
  programs.
• Each program is displayed in its own window.
• Multiple programs can be open in their own window
  at the same time, making it easy to switch from
  one to the other.

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The Title Bar

• The title bar is Located at the top of each
  window.
• It displays the program name and buttons that let
  you move and size the window.

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The Title BarFive buttons that let you
manipulatethe window are
Control-Menu icon - located at the left edge of
the title bar, the control-menu contains items to
move and size the window Minimize button -
shrinks a window to its smallest size Maximize
button - enlarges a window to its largest
size Restore button - restores a window to the
size it was before it was maximized Close button
- exits the application and closes the window
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The Title Bar of a Maximized Window
Minimize, Restore Close Buttons
Control Menu Icon
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The Title Bar of a Restored Window
Minimize, Maximize Close Buttons
Control Menu Icon
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The Help Window

• The Help window is divided into two frames
• The left frame contains three different ways to
  access Help (Contents, Index and Search tabs)
• The right frame displays information related to
  the selected left window item

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The Help Contents Tab

• A closed book indicates a chapter. It will open
  to display additional chapters or specific Help
  topics. When it is selected, the icon displays an
  open book.
• A question mark indicates a particular help
  topic. When this item is selected, related
  information will be displayed in the right frame.
• You can click underlined terms in the right frame
  to display a pop-up definition. Clicking on or
  outside the pop-up box clears it.

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The Help Contents Tab
Contents Tab
Displays Selected Topic
All Topics Displayed
Selected Topic
Contains Hidden Topics
Displays Pop-up Definition
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The Help Index Tab

• The Index tab displays an alphabetized listing of
  available topics below a text box, where you can
  type information or scroll through the list.
• Once a topic is located, you can double click on
  it or click on it once and click the Display
  button.
• The right frame will display the displayed help
  topic.

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The Help Index Tab
Index Tab
Selected Topic Displayed
Text Box
Selected Topic
Displays Selected Topic
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Using a Scroll Bar

• A scroll bar will be displayed in a window when
  not all the information can be shown at once.
• A scroll bar is made up of directional scroll
  arrows that scroll line by line through a window
  and a scroll box, which can be used to drag
  through a window.
• The size of the scroll box indicates the amount
  of information.
• A large scroll box indicates that most of the
  information is displayed.
• A small scroll box indicates that only a small
  portion of the information is displayed.

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Using a Scroll Bar
Click Here to Scroll Up One Line
Click Hereto Scroll Up One Window
Drag This Up or Down To Scroll the Window
Click Here to Scroll Down One Window
Click Here to Scroll Down One Line
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Hide and Show Buttons

• The Hide button hides the left frame in a help
  window.
• The Show button displays a hidden left frame in a
  Help window.

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Using a Text Box

• Because the Index list contains a great deal of
  information, you can type the topic you want to
  locate as an alternative to scrolling.
• Click in the text box with I-beam mouse pointer
  to display the the insertion point.
• Type the first few characters of the topic you
  want to locate.
• The selection cursor will move to the first topic
  in the list that begins with the letters you
  type.
• Then, you can scroll, if necessary to zoom in
  on the topic.

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Concept 5 Dialog Boxes

• Dialog boxes will be displayed when a command
  requires additional information from you.
• The related command will display ellipses () if
  a dialog box will appear.

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Concept 5 Dialog BoxesBelow are features common
in dialog boxes
Feature Meaning Close Button Used to close the
window. Whats This Displays help on dialog box
options. Option button An option preceded by a
circle. The option that displays a black dot is
selected. Only one option can be selected at
once. List box A box displaying options from
which you can select. Drop-down A text box that
displays the list box currently selected item.
You can click on the box or on the drop-down
arrow to display additional items.
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Concept 5 Dialog BoxesBelow are features common
in dialog boxes
Feature Meaning Check box An option preceded by a
square box. Clicking a checked option turns it
off clicking an unchecked option turns it
on. Sliding controls Dragging the lever in the
control increases or decreases the setting. It
relates to an intensity such as volume or
speed. Command buttons Direct the program to
carry out the instruction on the button. Commonly
used command buttons are OK and Cancel.
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Part 2
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Opening a Second Window

• Multitasking refers to the capability to run
  multiple programs at the same time.
• The active window is the window currently in use.
• To activate a window, click any displayed part of
  the window or its corresponding task button.

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Two Open Windows
Active Window
Inactive Window
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Concept 6 File

• Files refer to information stored electronically
  on a disk.
• Different types of files are
• data files, such as a letter, a spreadsheet or
  database records
• program files, such as those that run a word
  processor, a spreadsheet or a database program
• graphic files, such as

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My Computer Toolbars

• Standard Buttons - activate the most common
  commands
• Address Bar - contains a text box that displays
  the current location you are viewing
• Links - contains buttons to WWW sites Not
  displayed by default
• Use the View/Toolbars command to display or hide
  toolbars
• To display or hide text labels, display shortcut
  menu and choose Text Labels.

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My Computer Menu and Toolbars
Menu Bar
Standard Buttons
Address Bar
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My Computer Window

• My computer is divided into two frames
• The left frame contains information about the
  contents of the right frame.
• The right frame contains icons representing
  different features associated with your computer
  such as drives or control panel.
• The status bar at the bottom of the window tells
  you about different program conditions. In the My
  Computer window, it tells you how many objects
  are displayed.

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My Computer Window
Selected Drive Icon
Properties of Selected Drive
Status Bar
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Concept 7 Folder

• A folder is a named area on a disk that stores
  related subfolders and files

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Concept 8Moving and Sizing Windows

• Minimize button - shrinks a window to its
  smallest size
• Maximize button - enlarges a window to its
  largest size
• Restore button - restores a window to the size it
  was before it was maximized
• You can drag any border of a restored window with
  a double-headed arrow to change its size.
  Dragging a corner sizes the window
  proportionally.

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Concept 9Arranging WindowsIn addition to
dragging the title bar of a restored window, you
can arrange open windows as follows

• Display the taskbars shortcut menu and either
  choose the Cascade or Tile commands.
• Cascading windows are displayed in a staggered
  arrangement much like hanging file folders. Only
  the title bars of all but the first window are
  visible.
• Tiled windows are displayed in a proportionate
  tiled pattern. Windows can be tiled vertically or
  horizontally.

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Concept 10 Undo

• The Undo command allows you to reverse your most
  recent action or command.
• Undo is usually an Edit command.
• Its keyboard shortcut is Ctrl Z.
• The Taskbars shortcut menu contains a command
  that will allow you to undo most of its actions
  (such as Undo Cascade). If a command cannot be
  reversed, Undo will be dimmed on the menu.

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Minimize All Windows

• The Show Desktop button in the Quick Launch
  toolbar allows you to minimize all open windows,
  displaying the Windows 98 desktop.
• The taskbars shortcut menu equivalent is
  Minimize All Windows.

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Concept 11 Properties

• Properties are settings and attributes associated
  with an object, such as an icon.
• Properties can be viewed and changed by selecting
  Properties from the Objects shortcut menu.
• A drive icons properties window will show you
  the capacity, free and used space on the disk.

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Viewing the Contents of a Disk

• Clicking a drive icon will display its contents.
• Folders, in alphabetical order, will be displayed
  first, followed by files, in alphabetical order.
• Associated files, or files that you can click to
  open within their applications, will be preceded
  by an icon representing the application where it
  was created.

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Changing the Icon View

• The drop-down list button to the right of the
  Views button displays the view options.
• The View menu also displays the four icon view
  options.

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Large Icon View
Displays large icons with the file or folder
names.
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Small Icon View
Displays small icons with files and folders.
Folders and files are in alphabetical order
across rows.
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List View
Same as Small Icons except that icons are in
alphabetical order down columns.
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Details View
Sort By Name
Sort By Type
Sort By Date
Sort By Size
Displays folders and files with their size, type
and modification date.
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Displaying a Files PropertiesA files shortcut
menu will display property information such as

• File name
• Location
• Size
• Date it was created, modified and last accessed
• Attributes
• Read-only
• Archive
• Hidden
• System

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Arranging Icons

• The View menu Arrange Icons command lets you
  arrange icons by name, type, size and date.
• In details view, you can click the column header
  to arrange files by name, type, size and date.
• Clicking a column header once sorts the files in
  ascending order.
• Clicking a column header twice sorts the files in
  descending order.

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Shutting Down Windows 98

• You can either shut down Windows 98 if you are
  finished or log off so someone else can use the
  computer.
• To log off
• Click the Start button
• Choose Log Off
• Choose Yes
• To shut down
• Click the Start button
• Choose Shut Down
• Choose Yes

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CAUTION! To avoid losing data or damaging
files, always shut down Windows 98 before turning
off your computer!
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End ofLab 1